Search results for "Mathematical physics"

showing 10 items of 2687 documents

High current proton source based on ECR discharge sustained by 37.5 GHz gyrotron radiation

2012

Formation of hydrogen ion beams with high intensity and low transverse emittance is one of the key challenges in accelerator technology. Present work is devoted to experimental investigation of proton beam production from dense plasma (Ne > 1013 cm−3) of an ECR discharge sustained by 37.5 GHz, 100 kW gyrotron radiation at SMIS 37 facility at IAP RAS. The anticipated advantages of the SMIS 37 gasdynamic ion source over the current state-of-the-art proton source technology based on 2.45 GHz hydrogen discharges are described. Experimental result obtained with different extraction configurations i.e. single- and multi-aperture systems are presented. It was demonstrated that ultra bright proton …

Materials scienceProtonHydrogenbusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementPlasmaRadiationIon sourcelaw.inventionOpticschemistrylawGyrotronPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsThermal emittanceAtomic physicsbusinessInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsBeam (structure)Journal of Instrumentation
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Cluster calculations for H2dissociation on Cu and Ni

1988

Self-consistent cluster calculations have been carried out for hydrogen dissociation on Cu and Ni clusters using local-density theory and the LCAO-DVM expansion. We find physisorption, chemisorption and dissociation minima in the resulting two-dimensional potential energy surfaces, and for the Ni cluster, also an indication of the associative molecular chemisorption state. For Cu we find a considerable barrier at the seam separating the molecular chemisorption and dissociative minima. The analysis of one-electron levels supports the picture of Harris and Andersson that the s to d conversion present on Ni surfaces does not similarly lower the barrier on Cu surface.

Materials scienceQuantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionHydrogenchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsPotential energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDissociation (chemistry)Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceAdsorptionPhysisorptionTransition metalchemistryChemisorptionPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)Physical chemistryMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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Metal nanodumbbells for nanomanipulations and tribological experiments

2015

Nanomanipulation experiments were carried out on nanodumbbells (NDs) to study their kinetic behavior and tribological properties. Ag, Au and Cu NDs were produced by laser-induced melting of corresponding nanowires (NWs). NDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Manipulation experiments were performed first with atomic force microscope (AFM) at ambient conditions, and then inside SEM at high vacuum conditions. Different regimes of motion were observed. In-plane and out-of-substrate-plane rotation were identified as the most preferred motion types of NDs.

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeUltra-high vacuumNanowireNanotechnologyTribologyCondensed Matter PhysicsRotationKinetic energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMetalTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumComposite materialMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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The SMILETRAP facility

1995

The SMILETRAP experimental set-up, a Penning trap mass spectrometer for highly charged ions, is described. Capture and observation of cyclotron frequencies of externally produced highly charged ions, rapid interchange of investigated and reference ions and measurements of the rotational kinetic energies are demonstrated. Mass measurements utilizing different charge states and species to verify the consistency of the measurements are presented. A relative uncertainty of about 10−9 is attained in comparisons between highly charged carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon and the singly charged hydrogen molecule.

Materials scienceSpectrometerCyclotronchemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsKinetic energyPenning trapMass spectrometryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsIonlaw.inventionNeonchemistrylawMeasuring instrumentAtomic physicsMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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Trapped metal cluster ions

1995

An overview is given of experiments with stored metal cluster ions in a Penning trap system. The setup allows axial injection of clusters produced in an external source and a time-of-flight mass analysis of the reaction products after axial ejection. The system's options include the selection of stored ions, the manipulation of their orbits, addition of reactant and buffer gases and axial optical access for laser spectroscopic studies. As described by various examples, investigations have been made with respect to the development of trapping techniques and the characterization of metal clusters in terms of their physical and chemical properties.

Materials scienceTrappingCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserPenning trapAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBuffer (optical fiber)Characterization (materials science)law.inventionIonMetallawvisual_artCluster (physics)visual_art.visual_art_mediumAtomic physicsMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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Electronic Properties of Point Defects in Metals

1982

Recent progress in electronic structure and related properties of point defects in metals is reviewed. Topics discussed include transition metal impurities in a non-magnetic host, construction of potential energy surfaces from effective-medium theories, trapping of light interstitials, and pair potential in metals.

Materials scienceTrappingElectronic structureCondensed Matter PhysicsPotential energyCrystallographic defectAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTransition metalChemical physicsImpurityCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAtomic physicsPair potentialMathematical PhysicsElectronic propertiesPhysica Scripta
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Oscillator strengths of sulphur 3s23p34s3So-3s23p34p3P transitions measured by time resolved two-photon laser spectroscopy

1997

Oscillator strengths for the three 3s23p34s 3S1o-3s23p34p 3P0,1,2 transitions in neutral sulphur have been determined directly from lifetime measurements. Two-photon UV laser excitation and subsequent fluorescence detection have been used on atoms produced in a thermal sulphur beam or in a laser-driven plasma. A good agreement was found between data obtained in both schemes. The lifetime data obtained, τ(3P0) = 46.1(1.0) ns, τ(3P1) = 46.1(1.0) ns and τ(3P2) = 46.1(1.0) ns are compared with results of theoretical and experimental data from literature. The absorption oscillator strengths derived are f(3S1o-3P0) = 0.120(0.003), f(3S1o-3P1) = 0.360(0.008) and f(3S1o-3P2) = 0.600(0.013), respect…

Materials scienceTwo-photon excitation microscopyThermalPlasmaAtomic physicsCondensed Matter PhysicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopyFluorescenceMathematical PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBeam (structure)ExcitationPhysica Scripta
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Hyperfine transition in209Bi80+—one step forward

2015

The hyperfine transitions in lithium-like and hydrogen-like bismuth were remeasured by direct laser spectroscopy at the experimental storage ring. For this we have now employed a voltage divider which enabled us to monitor the electron cooler voltage in situ. This will improve the experimental accuracy by about one order of magnitude with respect to our previous measurement using the same technique.

Materials scienceVoltage dividerchemistry.chemical_elementElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBismuthchemistryPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsNuclear ExperimentSpectroscopyHyperfine structureMathematical PhysicsStorage ringOrder of magnitudeVoltagePhysica Scripta
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Microstructure-oxidation resistance relationship in Ti3AlC2 MAX phase

2020

International audience; Spark Plasma Sintering and Hot Isostatic Pressing were used to synthesize coarse-grained and fine-grained Ti3AlC2 specimens. Moreover, Spark Plasma Sintering processing parameters were modified in order to vary the TiC, Al2O3 and TixAly impurity and the porosity contents in the fine-grained samples. The influence of the Ti3AlC2 microstructure on the oxidation resistance was assesed. It is demonstrated that the grain size can drastically modify the oxidation resistance. The higher density of grain boundaries, in fine-grained specimens, increases the number of Al diffusion paths and leads to the formation of a protective alumina scale. In coarse-grained sample, Al diff…

Materials science[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]OxideSpark plasma sinteringSPS02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automaticchemistry.chemical_compound[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics][PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]Powder metallurgyHot isostatic pressingPowder metallurgyOxidationMaterials Chemistry[PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph][PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]Composite materialPorosityMicrostructureComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS[SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph][PHYS.MECA.VIBR]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph][SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environmentMechanical Engineering[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric powerMetals and Alloys[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry[PHYS.MECA.MSMECA]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph]021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructureGrain sizeGrain size[PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]0104 chemical sciences[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism[CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/PolymerschemistryMechanics of Materials[PHYS.MECA.THER]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Thermics [physics.class-ph]MAX phaseGrain boundary0210 nano-technology
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Identification of Thorium-236

1973

Abstract The new nuclide 236Th has been produced via the (γ, 2 p) reaction by irradiation of 238U with 140 MeV bremsstrahlung. After chemical separation of thorium, the half-life was determined to be 36 ± 3 min -from the growth-decay curve of the strongest γ-ray transition of the daughter nuclide, 9 min 236Pa.

Materials sciencechemistryIsotopes of protactiniumRadiochemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyThoriumchemistry.chemical_elementIdentification (biology)Decay chainPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMathematical PhysicsNuclear chemistryZeitschrift für Naturforschung A
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