Search results for "Matrix"

showing 10 items of 3205 documents

NanoSIMS: insights into the organization of the proteinaceous scaffold within Hexactinellid sponge spicules.

2010

The giant basal spicules (GBS) from Monorhaphis chuni (Porifera [sponges], Hexactinellida) represent the largest biosilica structures on Earth and can reach lengths of 300 cm (diameter of 1.1 cm). The amorphous silica of the inorganic matrix is formed enzymatically by silicatein. During this process, the enzyme remains trapped inside the lamellar-organized spicules. In order to localize the organic silicatein scaffold, the inside of a lamella has been analyzed by nano-secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS). It is shown that the GBSs are composed of around 245 concentrically arranged individual siliceous lamellae. These surround an internal siliceous axial cylinder. The lamellae adjacent…

ScaffoldSpiculebiologyHexactinellidOrganic ChemistryMatrix (biology)biology.organism_classificationSilicon DioxideBiochemistryCarbonMass SpectrometryPoriferaCrystallographySponge spiculeLamella (surface anatomy)Chemical engineeringMolecular MedicineAnimalsInorganic matrixAmorphous silicaMolecular BiologySulfurChembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology
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Heteroaromatic Inhibitors of the Astacin Proteinases Meprin α, Meprin β and Ovastacin Discovered by a Scaffold-Hopping Approach.

2020

Abstract Astacin metalloproteinases, in particular meprins α and β, as well as ovastacin, are emerging drug targets. Drug‐discovery efforts have led to the development of the first potent and selective inhibitors in the last few years. However, the most recent compounds are based on a highly flexible tertiary amine scaffold that could cause metabolic liabilities or decreased potency due to the entropic penalty upon binding to the target. Thus, the aim of this study was to discover novel conformationally constrained scaffolds as starting points for further inhibitor optimization. Shifting from flexible tertiary amines to rigid heteroaromatic cores resulted in a boost in inhibitory activity. …

ScaffoldTertiary amineStereochemistryCell SurvivalAntineoplastic Agentsscaffold hoppingMatrix metalloproteinaseScaffold hoppinghydroxamate01 natural sciencesBiochemistryHydrocarbons AromaticmetalloproteinasesStructure-Activity RelationshipmeprinVery Important PaperDrug DiscoveryTumor Cells CulturedHumansProtease InhibitorsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsAminesPharmacologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureFull Paper010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryMetalloendopeptidasesFull PapersovastacinRecombinant Proteinsheteroaromatics0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryMetalloproteasesMolecular MedicineAstacinDrug Screening Assays AntitumorSelectivityChemMedChem
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Morphostructural analysis of human follicular stem cells on highly porous bone hydroxyapatite scaffold

2007

In this study we investigated the in vitro behaviour, morphostructure and extracellular matrix synthesis of human dental follicular stem cells (hDFSCs) isolated from human dental bud, which resulted to be positive for mesenchymal markers (CD29, CD90, CD146 and CD166) by FACS analysis. Cells were analysed by light and electronic microscopy to evaluate their biological response either at week 1, that is before differentiation, or at weeks 3–6, when they had been cultured in osteogenic medium onto a highly porous natural scaffold material (Bio-Oss®). Microscopy analysis of primary culture cells showed they had a mesenchymal stem cell-like morphostructure, spindle shaped, similar to the cultur…

Scaffolddental fiollicle stem cells tissue engineering porous bone hydroxyapatite (Bio-Oss (R))ImmunologyDentistryBiocompatible MaterialsExtracellular matrix03 medical and health sciencesdental fiollicle0302 clinical medicineTissue engineeringHighly porousFollicular phaseHumansImmunology and AllergyCells CulturedPharmacologyDental follicleTissue EngineeringTissue Scaffoldsbusiness.industryChemistryStem CellsCell DifferentiationFibroblastsFlow CytometryIn vitroExtracellular MatrixCell biologyDurapatitePhenotypeporous bone hydroxyapatite (Bio-Oss (R))030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMicroscopy Electron ScanningStem cellbusinessPorosityTooth030215 immunology
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The mapping properties of the radiosity operator along an edge

2002

In this article we study the radiosity operator along an edge between two adjacent half-planes. First we show that the radiosity operator is invertible in a whole scale of anisotropic Sobolev spaces. In the absence of any shadows we are able to derive regularity properties of the solution, which depend only on the angle between the half-planes, the reflectivity coefficients and the right-hand side. This work can be considered as a supplement to the article of Rathsfeld (Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences 1999; 22: 217–241). Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Scale (ratio)General MathematicsMathematical analysisGeneral EngineeringRadiosity (computer graphics)Edge (geometry)Integral equationlaw.inventionSobolev spaceOperator (computer programming)Invertible matrixlawAnisotropyMathematicsMathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences
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A Mlp-Based Digit And Uppercase Characters Recognition System

1997

A simple software solution for digit and uppercase handwritten characters recognition is presented. The proposed solution is based on a two-layer Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) trained by a conjugate gradient descent (CGD) optimization algorithm. This neural network is embedded in a software tool for automatic processing of forms achieved using a scanner. The chosen solutions allow us to obtain good results both in terms of recognition rate and speed. In the paper are fully described design details and experimental results.

ScannerArtificial neural networkComputer sciencebusiness.industrySpeech recognitionNumerical digitComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONSoftwareSimple (abstract algebra)Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionMultilayer perceptronConjugate gradient methodLogical matrixbusiness
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Kinetics of particle growth and particle composition of a commercial Al-Li alloy by means of small-angle scattering

1991

Abstract Extending previous work done on a similar alloy, small-angle X-ray scattering measurements are reported for a commercial Al-Cu-Li alloy (2–68% Cu and 1–88% Li by weight). Data have been analysed by means of an ellipsoidal model of precipitate particles using a method previously proposed by some of us which, incorporating interparticle interference effects, reproduces the fuli scattering intensities of the samples studied. Particie dimensions obtained from the fit indicate that the Lifshitz-Slyozov coarsening mechanism holds for ageing at higher temperatures and longer times. The activation energy for volume diffusivity obtained is similar to that of pure binary alloys. The scatteri…

ScatteringGeneral Chemical EngineeringAlloyGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementThermodynamicsActivation energyengineering.materialThermal diffusivityMatrix (chemical analysis)CrystallographyVolume (thermodynamics)chemistryengineeringLithiumSmall-angle scattering
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Data from: Megaphylogenetic specimen-level approaches to the Carex (Cyperaceae) phylogeny using ITS, ETS, and matK sequences: implications for classi…

2017

We present the first large-scale phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus Carex based on 996 of the 1983 accepted species (50.23%). We used a supermatrix approach using three DNA regions: ETS, ITS and matK. Every concatenated sequence was derived from a single specimen. The topology of our phylogenetic reconstruction largely agreed with previous studies. We also gained new insights into the early divergence structure of the two largest clades, core Carex and Vignea clades, challenging some previous evolutionary hypotheses about inflorescence structure. Most sections were recovered as non-monophyletic. Homoplasy of characters traditionally selected as relevant for classification, historical mis…

SchoenoxiphiumUnciniapolyphylyCymophyllusLife SciencesVigneastraKobresiaPsyllophoraVigneamedicine and health careCarexMedicineparaphylySupermatrixCariceae
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Energy and time resolution for a LYSO matrix prototype of the Mu2e experiment

2016

We have measured the performances of a LYSO crystal matrix prototype tested with electron and photon beams in the energy range 60$-$450 MeV. This study has been carried out to determine the achievable energy and time resolutions for the calorimeter of the Mu2e experiment.

Scintillating crystalNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciencesElectronCalorimetry01 natural sciencesLyso-High Energy Physics - ExperimentNuclear physicsMatrix (mathematics)High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Optics0103 physical sciencesMu2eInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physic010302 applied physicsPhysicsRange (particle radiation)Calorimeter (particle physics)010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryAvalanche photodiodeInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Avalanche photodiodePhysics::Accelerator PhysicsbusinessEnergy (signal processing)
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Disposição ao pensamento crítico, nível acadêmico, gênero e resolução de problemas no ensino médio

2021

Resumen El propósito de este estudio fue investigar la posible influencia de la disposición hacia el pensamiento crítico, el nivel académico y el género (variables independientes) sobre el desempeño en resolución de problemas de estudiantes de secundaria (variable dependiente). Han participado 114 estudiantes de educación secundaria españoles, 55 chicos y 59 chicas, de 3º y 4º de ESO y de 1º de Bachillerato (9º, 10º y 11º grado, respectivamente). A todos ellos se les ha administrado un cuestionario sobre disposición hacia el pensamiento crítico y una prueba de resolución de problemas (un problema de las pruebas PISA). De la matriz de correlaciones producto-momento de Pearson entre variables…

Secondary educationmedia_common.quotation_subjecteducaçãopensamiento críticoestudiantes de secundariaEducació ExperiènciesMatrix (mathematics)educational levelreso-lução de problemasproblem solvingpensamento críticoalunos do ensino médiomedia_commoneducationVariablesnivel de enseñanzaDispositionresolución de problemasTest (assessment)Critical thinkingthinking criticalCritical thinking dispositionnível educacionalEducació secundàriaeducaciónsecondary school studentsPsychologySocial psychology
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Dynamics of Copolymer Micelles in a Homopolymer Melt:  Influence of the Matrix Molecular Weight

2000

We have studied the dynamics of styrene−isoprene (SI) block copolymer micelles in a matrix of linear entangled polyisoprene (PI) chains, using forced Rayleigh scattering (FRS) and dynamic mechanica...

Self-diffusionPolymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic ChemistryDynamics (mechanics)Concentration effectMicelleCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistryMatrix (mathematics)Molten stateChemical engineeringPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerForced Rayleigh scatteringPhysics::Chemical PhysicsMacromolecules
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