Search results for "Matrix"

showing 10 items of 3205 documents

Three-dimensional analysis of load transfer micro-mechanisms in fibre/matrix composites

2009

International audience; This study gives a detailed analysis of load distributions around fibre breaks in a composite. In contrast to other studies reported in the literature, the analysis considers different configurations of composite damage from the failure of a few to the failure of many fibres. The model considers three types of matrix behaviours (elastic, elastic–plastic and viscoelastic) with or without debonding at the broken fibre/matrix interface. In this way, the usual limitations of the finite element approach are overcome so as to take into account the number and interactions of broken fibres whilst maintaining an evaluation of the various fields (stresses in particular).

Three dimensional analysisMaterials scienceFibre matrix interactionFinite element approachComposite number[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]General EngineeringDamage accumulation02 engineering and technologyUnidirectional composites021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyViscoelasticityFinite element modellingMatrix (mathematics)020303 mechanical engineering & transports0203 mechanical engineeringDebondingLoad transferCeramics and Composites[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Micro mechanismComposite material0210 nano-technology
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Cytotoxicity and bioactivity of various pulpotomy materials on stem cells from human exfoliated primary teeth.

2017

Aims To investigate the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of several pulpotomy materials: Biodentine (Septodont, Saint-Maur-des-Fosses, France) MTA (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil), Theracal LC (Bisco Inc., Schamburg, IL, USA) and IRM (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), after contact with stem cells isolated from human exfoliated primary teeth (SHEDs). Methodology SHEDs were cultured in the presence of the eluates of various pulpotomy materials for 24, 48 and 72 h. Cell viability was determined by mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymatic (MTT) assay. Apoptosis and changes in cell phenotype were evaluated by flow cytometry. Also, an in vitro scratch wound-healing assay was used to determine th…

Time FactorsCell SurvivalPulpotomyDentistryApoptosis02 engineering and technologyMatrix (biology)In Vitro TechniquesCell morphologyFlow cytometry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCell MovementMaterials TestingmedicineHumansMethylmethacrylatesViability assayTooth DeciduousZinc Oxide-Eugenol CementCytotoxicityAluminum CompoundsGeneral DentistryCells Culturedmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistrybusiness.industrySilicatesStem CellsOxides030206 dentistryCalcium Compounds021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyFlow CytometryMolecular biologyStainingDrug CombinationsPhenotypeApoptosisPulpotomyMicroscopy Electron Scanning0210 nano-technologybusinessPulp Capping and Pulpectomy AgentsInternational endodontic journal
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Non-cross-linked collagen type I/III materials enhance cell proliferation: in vitro and in vivo evidence

2014

Objective: To analyze Mucograft®(MG), a recently introduced collagen matrix, in vitro and in vivo, and compare it with BioGide®(BG), a well-established collagen membrane, as control. Material and Methods: A detailed analysis of the materials surface and ultra-structure was performed. Cellular growth patterns and proliferation rates of human fibroblasts on MG and BG were analyzed in vitro. In addition, the early tissue reaction of CD-1 mouse to these materials was analyzed by means of histological and histomorphometrical analysis. Results: MG showed a three-fold higher thickness both in dry and wet conditions, when compared to BG. The spongy surface of BG significantly differed from that of …

Time FactorsCell SurvivalSurface PropertiesCellBiocompatible MaterialsMatrix (biology)BiologyPeripheral blood mononuclear cellCollagen Type IIIMiceRandom AllocationCollagen type IIn vivoMaterials TestingmedicineAnimalsHumansddc:610Bone regenerationGeneral DentistryCells CulturedCell ProliferationGuided tissue regenerationCell growthReproducibility of ResultsAnatomyOriginal ArticlesFibroblastsCollagen type IIIMolecular biologyImmunohistochemistryIn vitroBone regenerationlcsh:RK1-715medicine.anatomical_structurelcsh:DentistryFemaleCollagenJournal of Applied Oral Science
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Optimization of a matrix solid-phase dispersion method for the analysis of pesticide residues in vegetables

1996

A multiresidue method based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) is studied to determine chlorfenvinfos, chlorpyrifos, fenarimol, iprodione, procimydone, propiconazole, tetradifon, triadimefon and vinclozolin in artichokes, green beans, lettuces and tomatoes. Alumina, silica and Florisil were assessed as extracting phases, and the extracts from Florisil were the cleanest. To facilitate manual extraction, sand was added to the sample together with the dispersing phase. Three eluting systems were then studied, and dichloromethane proved to be the best. Further purification can be performed using solid-phase cleanup after diluting extracts with aqueous solutions. Octyl- and octadecyl-silica…

Time FactorsChromatographyChemistryOrganic ChemistryPesticide ResiduesReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineBiochemistryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryMatrix (chemical analysis)chemistry.chemical_compoundElectron capture detectorVegetablesSelected ion monitoringSample preparationGas chromatographyProcymidoneSolid phase extractionVinclozolinJournal of Chromatography A
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Analysis of complex autoantibody repertoires by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry

2003

Normal sera contain a large number of naturally occurring autoantibodies which can mask important disease-associated ones. Western blotting has evolved as the most important tool to demonstrate autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases, because of its ability to simultaneous screening for a wide spectrum of different antigens. In previous studies we have shown the diagnostic potential of the analysis of autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases by means of multivariate statistics and artificial neural networks. However, the Western blotting procedure remains very time-consuming and is also limited in sensitivity. Therefore, we used an on-chip approach for the analysis of autoantibodies. This Protei…

Time FactorsChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_testMolecular massmedicine.drug_classChemistryBlotting WesternProtein Array AnalysisAutoantibodyMass spectrometryMonoclonal antibodySensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryMass SpectrometrySurface-enhanced laser desorption/ionizationMolecular WeightBlotWestern blotSpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationmedicineHumansTime-of-flight mass spectrometryMolecular BiologyAutoantibodiesPROTEOMICS
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Neurons and ECM regulate occludin localization in brain endothelial cells

2000

We report that extracellular matrix and neurons modulate the expression of occludin, one of the main components of tight junctions, by rat brain endothelial cells (RBE4.B). Of the three extracellular matrix proteins which we tested (collagen I, collagen IV, and laminin), collagen IV stimulated at the best the expression of occludin mRNA. The corresponding protein, however, was not synthesized. Significant amounts of occludin accumulated only when RBE4.B cells were cultured on collagen IV-coated inserts, in the presence of cortical neurons, plated on laminin-coated companion wells. Finally, occludin segregated at the cell periphery, only when endothelial cells were co- cultured with neurons …

Time FactorsEndothelial cellsCellOccludinTight JunctionsExtracellular matrixRats Sprague-DawleyFetusLamininNeurofilament ProteinsOccludinSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerCells CulturedBlood-brain barrierNeuronsbiologyTight junctionGeneral NeuroscienceBrainMembrane ProteinsCortical NeuronsExtracellular matrixImmunohistochemistryCell biologyRatsEndothelial stem cellmedicine.anatomical_structureMembrane proteinCell cultureSettore CHIM/09 - Farmaceutico Tecnologico ApplicativoCerebrovascular Circulationbiology.proteinSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaCollagenEndothelium VascularLamininNeuroscience
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In vivo comparison of a granular and putty form of a sintered and a non-sintered silica-enhanced hydroxyapatite bone substitute material

2019

Improved handling characteristics of bone substitute materials may facilitate surgical handling. However, the respective modifications should not alter the biological activity. For comparison of a ...

Time FactorsMaterials scienceBone substituteSurface Properties0206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringBone Matrix02 engineering and technologyBiomaterialsCoated Materials BiocompatibleOsteogenesisIn vivoPuttyAnimalsHumansBone DevelopmentTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsProstheses and ImplantsSilicon Dioxide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology020601 biomedical engineeringNanostructuresDurapatiteBone SubstitutesFemaleRabbits0210 nano-technologyBiomedical engineeringJournal of Biomaterials Applications
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Impact of oral contraceptive use and menstrual phases on patellar tendon morphology, biochemical composition, and biomechanical properties in female …

2013

Sex differences exist with regards to ligament and tendon injuries. Lower collagen synthesis has been observed in exercising women vs. men, and in users of oral contraceptives (OC) vs. nonusers, but it is unknown if OC will influence tendon biomechanics of women undergoing regular training. Thirty female athletes (handball players, 18–30 yr) were recruited: 15 long-term users of OC (7.0 ± 0.6 yr) and 15 nonusers (>5 yr). Synchronized values of patellar tendon elongation (obtained by ultrasonography) and tendon force were sampled during ramped isometric knee extensor maximum voluntary contraction to estimate mechanical tendon properties. Furthermore, tendon cross-sectional area and lengt…

Time FactorsPhysiologyBiopsyIsometric exercisemedicine.disease_causeJumpingta315media_commonUltrasonographyOrthodonticseducation.field_of_studyPatellar ligamentBiomechanicsta3141musculoskeletal systemMagnetic Resonance ImagingTendonBiomechanical PhenomenaExtracellular Matrixmedicine.anatomical_structureLigamentFemaleCollagenAdultmusculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectPopulationta3111Young AdultPatellar LigamentPhysiology (medical)Isometric ContractionmedicineHumanseducationMuscle SkeletalMenstrual cycleMenstrual CycleAnalysis of Variancebusiness.industrySurgeryCross-Sectional StudiesAthletesCase-Control StudiesExercise TestbusinessBiomarkersContraceptives Oral
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The Time Course of Emotional Responses to Music

2005

Two empirical studies investigate the time course of emotional responses to music. In the first one, musically trained and untrained listeners were required to listen to 27 musical excerpts and to group those that conveyed a similar emotional meaning. In one condition, the excerpts were 25 seconds long on average. In the other condition, excerpts were as short as 1 second. The groupings were then transformed into a matrix of emotional dissimilarity that was analyzed with multidimensional scaling methods (MDS). We compared the outcome of these analyses for the 25-s and 1-s duration conditions. In the second study, we presented musical excerpts of increasing duration, varying from 250 to 20 s…

Time FactorsPoint (typography)General NeuroscienceEmotionsMatrix (music)MusicalScale (music)General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPitch DiscriminationAcoustic StimulationHistory and Philosophy of ScienceDuration (music)Auditory PerceptionHumansPsychoacousticsMeaning (existential)Multidimensional scalingPsychologySocial psychologyMusicPsychoacousticsCognitive psychologyAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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The Effect of Long-Term Storage on the Biological and Histological Properties of Cryopreserved Amniotic Membrane

2011

Cryopreserved amniotic membrane (AM) is widely used in ophthalmology because of its anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing promoting capabilities. A common method to conserve the tissue is the storage in cryo-medium containing 50% glycerol at -80°C. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of storage time on the sterility as well as the histological and biological properties of cryopreserved AM.Amniotic membrane from different donors was stored in cell culture media containing 50% glycerol for different time periods, on average 4 months (group 1), 15 months (group 2), and 24 months (group 3), at -80°C. Samples of the tissue and cryo-medium were examined for bacteria…

Time FactorsSterilityBlotting WesternOrgan Preservation SolutionsMedizinTissue BanksBiologyCryopreservationAndrologyCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundGlycerolHumansAmnionPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisCryopreservationExtracellular Matrix ProteinsBacteriaBiological DressingsFungiOrgan PreservationSensory SystemsCulture MediaBlotOphthalmologyMembranechemistryTissue bankImmunologyCytokinesElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelWound healingBiomarkersCurrent Eye Research
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