Search results for "Measurement method"

Application of GPS technology to measurements of displacements of high-rise structures due to weak winds

2002

Abstract Global positioning systems (GPS) have been developed for military purposes like single-point positioning and navigation. The first non-military applications have been made for geodetic purposes with base-line measurements using differential methods. We introduce GPS technology as an alternative measurement method of displacements when high-rise structural systems are monitored. In this paper, two tests to evaluate the accuracy of the measurements using GPS are presented. Then the evaluation of ability of GPS to measure small movements of the Stuttgart TV-tower and the industrial chimney of Opole power station due to weak winds are also given.

SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION OF PESTICIDES FROM WATER SAMPLES

1990

New, fast, and accurate procedure to calibrate a 2-dimensional digital measurement method.

2005

Traditionally, dental casts have been measured by hand, with conventional calipers. Today, several digital methods are available for automatically measuring tooth size, but their accuracy depends on proper calibration. The purpose of this article is to introduce a fast and accurate procedure to calibrate a previously introduced 2-dimensional computerized system of measuring mesiodistal tooth size and calculating overall and anterior Bolton ratios. In this calibration method, the cast is digitized while sitting on a sheet of graph paper. The magnification of the paper in 2 axes can be easily calculated and hence the magnification of the dental cast digital image.

A Survey of Current Measurement Methods for eGovernment User-Satisfaction

2011

A survey on eGovernment user-satisfaction measurement methods was conducted to enable a comparison among them and to facilitate a discussion on good practices. The collected information is related to the methodology properties, tools, followed practices, implementation stage and challenges. The main findings are that the surveyed methods rarely refer to any established relevant standards, they are not regularly updated, and most of them do not have an open process for maintenance. We also note that software vendors are mostly not included in the intended group of users of the measurement results. A revision of methods and their maintenance processes can increase their accountability and ena…

Determination of Particle Size Distributions in Multiphase Systems Containing Nonspherical Fluid Particles

2015

The presented results are obtained by means of an automated image analysis software capable of measuring particle diameters in photographs taken in situ by a 2D photo-optical measurement device. Initially, the applicability of this measurement method must be proven for fluid particle systems on the basis of spherical-shaped particles. As a first approach in targeting the issue of irregularly shaped fluid particles, a pure gas-liquid system is analyzed to investigate the influence of the variation of operating parameters. In the second step, the spherical shape is changed by reducing the surface-active auxiliaries. The usage of shape factors helps to interpret the appearance of the 2D projec…

Projected fringes for the measurement of large aluminum ingots

2010

The method of projected fringes is applied to the measurement of the surface topography of aluminum ingots with surface areas of several square meters. The measurements are performed inside the casting hall of an aluminum factory. To meet the challenges encountered in such a demanding environment, it is important to keep the equipment as simple and robust as possible. Therefore a method for locating the fringe positions with sub-pixel accuracy without using for example phase shifting techniques is applied. Also the nonlinearity of the phase when using divergent illumination is discussed. The developed measuring system is tested measuring eight different aluminum ingots, and the results agre…

Measurement of take-off forces in ski jumping

2007

The force measuring system constructed under the frost rail inrun track element was used for measurement of take-off forces in ski jumping. Several calibrations of the normal forces made on several days showed no significant differences between the calibration sessions. Loading the different places of the track element showed differences less than 5% between the places for the total 10-m distance and less than 3% for the straight take-off table. Two international-level ski jumpers served as subjects during the testing of the system. Further preliminary results from 2 different performances techniques are presented. The force curves of subjects displayed totally different patterns: Two disti…

Advances in Microwave and Submillimeter-Wave Dielectric Spectroscopic Techniques and their Applications

2007

Review of the basic methods for characterizing integrated-optic waveguides

1995

Abstract This article presents a short review of the various methods of characterizing integrated-optic waveguides. It is intended to acquaint researchers, particularly beginners in this field, with the principles of some of the widely used techniques of characterizing one-dimensional (planar) and two-dimensional (such as channel or rib) waueguides.

A comparison of the Raman LAM and electron microscopy in determining crystallite thickness distributions: Polyethylenes with narrow size distributions

1989

Bon accord entre les resultats obtenus pour des polyethylenes cristallises a 118 o C pendant 2 et 20 minutes lorsqu'on prend en compte l'inclinaison de la chaine et pour des polymeres a distribution etroite