Search results for "Median"
showing 10 items of 337 documents
Nuorten media-arki ja lukutaito : PISA 2015
2018
Poverty Reduction: The Paradox of the Endogenous Poverty Line
2007
When evaluating poverty, the relative poverty line may be considered as a percentage of the median income or it may be a percentage of the average income. It is proved that, with a poverty line relative to the median income, reducing poverty may become less costly in proportion to the total income as poverty increases (measured by the Sen, the Sen-Shorrocks-Thon or the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty indexes) by passing from a Lorenz concentration curve to another curve associated with more poverty. This is obviously a paradox, although a largely overlooked one. However, it is shown that the paradox vanishes if the poverty line is relative to the average income. The demonstration is both exp…
The paradox of endogenous poverty line in the poverty indices
2007
february 23-25, 2007; When measuring poverty, the poverty line is considered to be relatively determined as a percentage of the median income or as a percentage of the average income so as to allow international comparisons. The poverty line relative to the median income may be described as endogenous in contrast with the poverty line relative to the average income which may be described as exogenous because it is independent of the normalized distribution of incomes. As the existing literature is focused on the properties of the indices but not on the respective interest of the endogenous and exogenous poverty lines, this paper compares the two definitions of the relative poverty. The Rela…
Respuesta inmunológica en la gestación por ovodonación como factor de riesgo para la preeclampsia
2017
La incidencia de preeclampsia es significativamente mayor en gestaciones por ovodonación en comparación con aquellas con ovocitos propios de la gestante 1-5. Se ha evidenciado una diferente respuesta inmunológica a nivel placentario en gestantes con ovocitos donados en comparación con gestantes con ovocitos propios 1,3,6-9. Por tanto, se ha presentado como hipótesis para el trabajo de tesis doctoral que la respuesta inmunológica materna durante la gestación mediante ovodonación es factor de riesgo para preeclampsia. La primera publicación es una amplia revisión sobre la relación entre la respuesta inmunológica materna durante la gestación y el desarrollo de preeclampsia 10. Revela que, dura…
Regression quantiles to assess higher education performance
2012
From 2001 Italian university system has adopted the credits to mea- sure the workload of the students. The weighted mean of marks with credits as weights is used to measure the their performance. In our opinion it does not seem a proper way to measure. We suggest to adopt the median of the weighted marks, because we are considering an ordinale variable, with a non-normal empir- ical distribution, and a®ected by outliers. Then, instead of using an OLS multiple regression, we investigate the determinants of the performance measured by the median using a regression quantile for ordinal response. A real dataset concerning 133 students of the Faculty of Economics of the University of Palermo is …
Filtración directa por membranas para potenciar la recuperación de recursos de las aguas residuales
2023
La filtración directa mediante membranas (FDM) es una atractiva alternativa para potenciar la recuperación de recursos en el ámbito del tratamiento de aguas residuales municipales (ARM). El objetivo de esta tecnología es mejorar la recuperación del material particulado afluente de las ARM mediante la implementación de una unidad de filtración por membrana como paso previo al tratamiento biológico secundario, reduciendo así las necesidades energéticas asociadas a la oxidación aeróbica de la materia orgánica en los sistemas de fangos activos. Asimismo, el fango concentrado en el tanque de membranas puede emplearse para incrementar la producción de metano durante el proceso de digestión anaero…
Sosiaalinen media - mahdollisuudet ja haasteet rekrytoinnissa
2018
Sosiaalisen median käyttö lisääntyy jatkuvasti. Myös monet yritykset ovat ottaneet sen käyttöönsä. Tässä tutkielmassa perehdytään sosiaalisen median käyttöön yrityksen rekrytoinnissa. Tutkielman näkökulmana toimii työnantajan näkökulma. Sosiaalisen median käytöllä katsotaan olevan sekä positiivisia, että negatiivisia seurauksia yrityksen rekrytoinnille. Tutkielma on toteutettu kirjallisuuskatsauksena ja siinä tutkitaan sosiaalisen median tuomia hyötyjä ja haittoja yrityksen rekrytointiprosessiin. Tutkimuksen tulosten mukaan sosiaalinen media tuo enemmän positiivisia asioita yrityksen rekrytointiin, kuin negatiivisia. Sosiaalinen media laskee yrityksen rekrytointikuluja merkittävästi ja lyhe…
Aerosolization Performance of Jet Nebulizers and Biopharmaceutical Aspects
2019
In this work, 13 jet nebulizers, some of which in different configurations, were investigated in order to identify the biopharmaceutical constraints related to the quality attributes of the medicinal products, which affect their safety, efficiency, compliance, and effectiveness. The aerosolization parameters, including the aerosol output, aerosol output rate, mass median aerodynamic diameter, and fine particle fraction, were determined according to the European Standard EN 13544-1, using sodium fluoride as a reference formulation. A comparison between the aerosol output nebulization time and the fine particle fraction displayed a correlation between the aerosol quality and the nebulization …
Photoinduced lethal and sublethal toxicity of retene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon derived from resin acid, to coregonid larvae
2004
A comparative investigation on the acute phototoxicity of retene to vendace (Coregonus albula) and whitefish (C. lavaretus), both having pelagial larvae in spring, was conducted. To test the concept of early warning of sublethal biomarkers in relation to lethality to posthatch stages, we examined the effects of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) and retene on the levels of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) by exposing the animals to elevated levels of these factors for 48 and 72 h, respectively. Whereas UV-B and retene on their own were not lethal, simultaneous retene and UV-B exposure caused very high mortality to both species. The median lethal concentration (LC50; i.e., the c…
Olive oil intake and risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in the PREDIMED Study
2014
[Background] It is unknown whether individuals at high cardiovascular risk sustain a benefit in cardiovascular disease from increased olive oil consumption. The aim was to assess the association between total olive oil intake, its varieties (extra virgin and common olive oil) and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.