Search results for "Medical physics"

showing 10 items of 579 documents

How neutron scattering experiments can target the structure and dynamics of milk proteins?

2016

International audience; The powerful of neutron scattering techniques to characterize structure and dynamics of milk proteins is illustrated. Small angle neutron scattering and reflectivity are used to determine the structure and the interactions between milk proteins in solution, during gelation processes, or the protein structure at different interfaces. Experiments performed by inelastic and quasielastic neutron scattering allow one to observe the dynamics of water and proteins showing the major role of hydration on the dynamics of milk proteins.

Physics::Medical PhysicsAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technologyNeutron scattering010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMolecular physicsQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesProtein structure[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringNuclear ExperimentQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesChemistryQuantitative Biology::Molecular NetworksDynamics (mechanics)technology industry and agriculture[ SDV.IDA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringfood and beverages021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyReflectivitySmall-angle neutron scattering0104 chemical sciencesQuasielastic neutron scatteringBiological small-angle scattering0210 nano-technologyFood Science
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Torus computed tomography

2020

We present a new computed tomography (CT) method for inverting the Radon transform in 2D. The idea relies on the geometry of the flat torus, hence we call the new method Torus CT. We prove new inversion formulas for integrable functions, solve a minimization problem associated to Tikhonov regularization in Sobolev spaces and prove that the solution operator provides an admissible regularization strategy with a quantitative stability estimate. This regularization is a simple post-processing low-pass filter for the Fourier series of a phantom. We also study the adjoint and the normal operator of the X-ray transform on the flat torus. The X-ray transform is unitary on the flat torus. We have i…

Physics::Medical PhysicsComputed tomography01 natural sciencesFourier'n sarjatintegraalilaskentamedicineFOS: MathematicstietokonetomografiaMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsFlat torusFourier seriesRadon transformPhysicsmedicine.diagnostic_testRadon transformApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisTorusNumerical Analysis (math.NA)65R10 65R32 44A12 42B05 46F12Fourier seriesFunctional Analysis (math.FA)regularizationMathematics - Functional Analysis010101 applied mathematicssovellettu matematiikkaRegularization (physics)numeerinen analyysiX-ray tomography
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Visualization_2

2022

3D rendering of the lag map shown in Fig. 4a. The lag value is color-coded as specified by the color bar. Scale bar: 100 ��m.

Physics::Medical PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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Visualization_2

2022

3D rendering of the lag map shown in Fig. 4a. The lag value is color-coded as specified by the color bar. Scale bar: 100 ��m.

Physics::Medical PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics::Experiment
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Appendix C. Posterior distributions of the CR-SEM parameters (conditional on the covariates being in the model).

2016

Posterior distributions of the CR-SEM parameters (conditional on the covariates being in the model).

Physics::Medical PhysicsStatistics::MethodologyQuantitative Biology::OtherPhysics::GeophysicsStatistics::Computation
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Guided ultrasonic waves in long bones: modelling, experiment and in vivo application.

2002

Existing ultrasound devices for assessing the human tibia are based on detecting the first arriving signal, corresponding to a wave propagating at, or close to, the bulk longitudinal velocity in bone. However, human long bones are effectively irregular hollow tubes and should theoretically support the propagation of more complex guided modes similar to Lamb waves in plates. Guided waves are attractive because they propagate throughout the bone thickness and can potentially yield more information on bone material properties and architecture. In this study, Lamb wave theory and numerical simulations of wave propagation were used to gain insights into the expected behaviour of guided waves in …

PhysiologyWave propagationAcousticsPhysics::Medical PhysicsBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsAcrylic ResinsSignalModels BiologicalLamb wavesOpticsPhysiology (medical)HumansComputer SimulationUltrasonographyPhysicsGuided wave testingTibiabusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingSurface waveOsteoporosisUltrasonic sensorbusinessMechanical waveLongitudinal wavePhysiological measurement
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Inverse response of polypropylene to gamma radiation under vacuum

1997

Abstract The effect of gamma radiation under vacuum on polypropylene is analysed on the basis of a simple kinetic model. The influence of the irradiation parameters, total absorbed dose and dose rate, on the rates of the main reactions occurring during irradiation, i.e. β-scission, addition to double bonds and termination, is studied. Using kinetic equations, and free radical and double bond balance relationships, we show that it is possible to rationalize the response of polypropylene to gamma radiation. In particular, on the basis of the mathematical solutions of these equations, we obtain the equation of an ‘inversion curve’, implicit function of the irradiation parameters, which gives t…

Polypropylenechemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticsImplicit functionDouble bondChemistryPhysics::Medical PhysicsOrganic ChemistryThermodynamicsMineralogyRadiationBranching (polymer chemistry)chemistry.chemical_compoundRheologyAbsorbed doseMaterials ChemistryIrradiationPolymer
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The appropriate and justified use of medical radiation in cardiovascular imaging: a position document of the ESC Associations of Cardiovascular Imagi…

2014

The benefits of cardiac imaging are immense, and modern medicine requires the extensive and versatile use of a variety of cardiac imaging techniques. Cardiologists are responsible for a large part of the radiation exposures every person gets per year from all medical sources. Therefore, they have a particular responsibility to avoid unjustified and non-optimized use of radiation, but sometimes are imperfectly aware of the radiological dose of the examination they prescribe or practice. This position paper aims to summarize the current knowledge on radiation effective doses (and risks) related to cardiac imaging procedures. We have reviewed the literature on radiation doses, which can range …

Prenatal Diagnosimedicine.medical_treatmentScintigraphyImagingPregnancyRisk FactorsPrenatal DiagnosisCancer; Cardiovascular disease; Imaging; Radiation; Radiological protection; Risk; Cardiac Imaging Techniques; Cardiology; Child; Female; Heart Diseases; Humans; Informed Consent; Occupational Exposure; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prenatal Diagnosis; Radiation Injuries; Radiation Protection; Risk Factors; Tomography X-Ray Computed; Unnecessary Procedures; Radiation Dosage; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRadiation InjurieChildTomographyRadiological protectionCardiac imagingCancerRadiationInformed Consentmedicine.diagnostic_testCardiovascular diseasePregnancy ComplicationX-Ray ComputedHeart DiseaseFemaleRadiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanUnnecessary ProcedureRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyModern medicineHeart DiseasesCardiologyUnnecessary ProceduresRadiation DosageMyocardial perfusion imagingRadiation ProtectionOccupational ExposuremedicineMedical imagingHumansMedical physicsRadiation Injuriesta3126Cardiac Imaging Techniquebusiness.industryRisk FactorPercutaneous coronary interventionMED/11 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO CARDIOVASCOLAREta3121Pregnancy ComplicationsCardiac Imaging TechniquesCardiac Imaging TechniquesRadiation protectionTomography X-Ray Computedbusiness
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A Non-linear Diffeomorphic Framework for Prostate Multimodal Registration

2011

International audience; This paper presents a novel method for non-rigid registration of prostate multimodal images based on a nonlinear framework. The parametric estimation of the non-linear diffeomorphism between the 2D fixed and moving images has its basis in solving a set of non-linear equations of thin-plate splines. The regularized bending energy of the thin-plate splines along with the localization error of established correspondences is jointly minimized with the fixed and transformed image difference; where, the transformed image is represented by the set of non-linear equations defined over the moving image. The traditional thin-plate splines with established correspondences may p…

Prostate biopsyPhysics::Medical Physics[INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingImage registration02 engineering and technology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineComputer visionThin plate splineMathematicsmedicine.diagnostic_test[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imagingbusiness.industryHigh-definition videoNonlinear systemSpline (mathematics)Hausdorff distanceComputer Science::GraphicsComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition020201 artificial intelligence & image processingDiffeomorphismArtificial intelligencebusiness
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A Matlab based interface for infrared thermographic diagnosis of pediatric musculoskeletal injuries

2016

Abstract Background and objective One of the main causes of emergency medical consultations done by children are musculoskeletal injures. In such cases, radiological tests are a common practice to diagnose the gravity of the trauma and determine the likely existence of a fracture. In order to avoid, or at least to reduce, the use of ionizing radiations with children, the infrared thermographic technique was studied as an alternative solution, since it is a non-harmful, non-invasive and non-contact technique, without excessive technical complications and moderate cost when compared to other types of imaging tools. Methodology When an infrared thermographic diagnostic test is performed, and o…

Protocol (science)Clinical testsmedicine.medical_specialtyComputer scienceSoftware toolInterface (computing)Decision treeDiagnosis toolCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadiological weaponmedicineMedical physicsMATLABcomputercomputer.programming_languageInfrared Physics & Technology
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