Search results for "Meditation"
showing 9 items of 149 documents
Gray Matter Changes in Adolescents Participating in a Meditation Training
2020
Meditation has shown to benefit a wide range of conditions and symptoms, but the neural mechanisms underlying the practice remain unclear. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have investigated the structural brain changes due to the practice by examining volume, density, or cortical thickness changes. However, these studies have focused on adults; meditation’s structural effects on the adolescent brain remain understudied. In this study, we investigated how meditation training affects the structure of the adolescent brain by scanning a group of 38 adolescents (16.48 ± 1.29 years) before and after participating in a 12-week meditation training. Subjects underwent Training for Awareness,…
Alpha frequency discrepancy and trait anxiety, activation, and inhibition in states of anxiety and mindfulness
2018
Meditaatiotekniikat tarjovat laajalti mahdollisuuksia hyvinvoinnin ylläpitämiseen ja kehittämiseen sekä stressin lievittämiseen. Useat neurotieteelliset tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet välittömiä tuloksia meditatitiivisten tekniikoiden soveltamisen ja aivojen oskillatoristen mekanismien välisessä suhteessa. Meditaatiolla on osoitettu olevan myös pitkäaikaisia vaikutuksia, joihin sisältyy ahdistuneisuuden ja murheen väheneminen. Keskittymistä tukevan aivokäyttöliittymän alustavan suunnittelun tueksi tutkittiin alpha-aallonpituuden käyttäytymistä ahdistuneisuuden ja mindfulnessin tiloissa ja niiden välisiä eroja lähestyttiin aktivaatio-/inhibitio -persoonallisuuspiirteiden sekä ahdistuneisuuteen…
Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Baseline and Slope of Prefrontal Cortex Hemodynamics During a Spatial Working Memory Task
2020
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to be an inexpensive, safe, and effective way of augmenting a variety of cognitive abilities. Relatively recent advances in neuroimaging technology have provided the ability to measure brain activity concurrently during active brain stimulation rather than after stimulation. The effects on brain activity elicited by tDCS during active tDCS reported by initial studies have been somewhat conflicted and seemingly dependent on whether a behavioral improvement was observed. Objective: The current study set out to address questions regarding behavioral change, within and between-participant designs as well as differentiatin…
Uzmanības deficīta un hiperaktivitātes sindroma ietekme uz skolas uzvedību un sociālajām prasmēm skolas vecuma bērniem
2019
Mūsdienu klasēs, daudzi pedagogi saskaras ar „ārpus kontroles bērniem”. Bērniem, kuriem ir uzmanības deficīts vai hiperaktivitātes sindroms (turpmāk tekstā UDHS), ir neiroloģiski traucējumi, kas ietekmē viņu spēju kontrolēt savu uzvedību un pievērst uzmanību uzdevumiem. Bērni ar UDHS rada īpašu iedzīvotāju grupu ar dažādām vajadzībām izglītības vidē. Izpētītajā pētījumā, tika pievērsta uzmanība uzmanības deficīta un hiperaktivitātes traucējumiem. Pētījuma mērķis bija izpētīt un analizēt dažādas pieejas UDHS, kas saistītas ar problēmām ar vidusskolēniem. Literatūras pārskatā aplūkotās tēmas, ietver dažādas teorijas un kopīgas intervences, ņemot vērā UDHS. Šajā darbā, tika izmantota kvalitatī…
Impacto científico en los artículos sobre aplicaciones terapéuticas de las prácticas orientales cuerpo-mente (2006-2010)
2014
Global research on mind-body therapies is analysed, by focussing on scholarly articles on three Eastern disciplines (yoga, tai chi and qi gong) and three procedures (meditation, breathing exercises and relaxation). The bibliographic research was done using the Scopus database. The search was limited to the biomedical areas and to the years 2006-2010. We have analysed 2,363 articles published by 959 different journals. They were written by 6,583 authors from 2,162 institutions in 65 countries. Indicators of scientific productivity and impact were calculated for institutions, countries and subject areas, and the collaboration between authors and institutions was also determined. We have obser…
The myth of cognitive agency: subpersonal thinking as a cyclically recurring loss of mental autonomy
2013
This metatheoretical paper investigates mind wandering from the perspective of philosophy of mind. It has two central claims. The first is that, on a conceptual level, mind wandering can be fruitfully described as a specific form of mental autonomy loss. The second is that, given empirical constraints, most of what we call “conscious thought” is better analyzed as a subpersonal process that more often than not lacks crucial properties traditionally taken to be the hallmark of personal-level cognition - such as mental agency, explicit, consciously experienced goal-directedness, or availability for veto control. I claim that for roughly two thirds of our conscious life-time we do not possess …
The myth of cognitive agency: subpersonal thinking as a cyclically recurring loss of mental autonomy
2018
This metatheoretical paper investigates mind wandering from the perspective of philosophy of mind. It has two central claims. The first is that, on a conceptual level, mind wandering can be fruitfully described as a specific form of mental autonomy loss. The second is that, given empirical constraints, most of what we call “conscious thought” is better analyzed as a subpersonal process that more often than not lacks crucial properties traditionally taken to be the hallmark of personal-level cognition - such as mental agency, explicit, consciously experienced goal-directedness, or availability for veto control. I claim that for roughly two thirds of our conscious life-time we do not possess …
Measuring the Task Induced Oscillatory Brain Activity Using Tensor Decomposition
2019
The characterization of dynamic electrophysiological brain activity, which form and dissolve in order to support ongoing cognitive function, is one of the most important goals in neuroscience. Here, we introduce a method with tensor decomposition for measuring the task-induced oscillations in the human brain using electroencephalography (EEG). The time frequency representation of source-reconstructed singletrail EEG data constructed a third-order tensor with three factors of time ∗ trails, frequency and source points. We then used a non-negative Canonical Polyadic decomposition (NCPD) to identify the temporal, spectral and spatial changes in electrophysiological brain activity. We validate …
Exploiting ongoing EEG with multilinear partial least squares during free-listening to music
2016
During real-world experiences, determining the stimulus-relevant brain activity is excitingly attractive and is very challenging, particularly in electroencephalography. Here, spectrograms of ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG) of one participant constructed a third-order tensor with three factors of time, frequency and space; and the stimulus data consisting of acoustical features derived from the naturalistic and continuous music formulated a matrix with two factors of time and the number of features. Thus, the multilinear partial least squares (PLS) conforming to the canonical polyadic (CP) model was performed on the tensor and the matrix for decomposing the ongoing EEG. Consequently, we …