Search results for "Memory Disorder"
showing 10 items of 98 documents
Emotional memory impairment produced by binge drinking in mice is counteracted by the anti-inflammatory indomethacin
2019
Abstract The Binge Drinking (BD) pattern of alcohol consumption, prevalent in adolescents and young adults, has been associated with memory impairment. In addition, evidence shows that alcohol abuse causes neuroinflammation, which may contribute to the brain damage produced by alcohol and explain its cognitive consequences. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the anti-inflammatory indomethacin in counteracting the memory impairment produced by alcohol (ethanol) in adolescent mice of both sexes. Animals were randomly assigned to one of four groups for each sex: SS (saline + saline), SA (saline + alcohol), SI (saline + indomethacin) and AI (alcohol + indomethacin). They were inje…
A case study of Primary Progressive Aphasia: improvement on verbs after rTMS treatment.
2006
This case-report shows that high frequency repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (hf-rTMS), applied to the left prefrontal cortex, may improve the linguistic skills in Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA). The patient's performance was evaluated on a battery of language production and memory span tasks, before and after two hf-rTMS treatments and one SHAM treatment. We observed a significant and lasting improvement of the patient's performance on verb production following the application of hf-rTMS versus Baseline and SHAM conditions. This finding suggests that hf-rTMS may directly strengthen the neural connections within an area of metabolic dysfunction and encourages the use of rTMS a…
When the amnestic mild cognitive impairment disappears: characterisation of the memory profile
2009
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Subjects affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may improve during the observation period. This is the first study investigating qualitative features of memory deficits in subjects affected by reversible MCI [reversible cognitive impairment (RCI)]. METHODS: Baseline cognitive and memory performances of 18 subjects affected by amnestic MCI who had normalized cognitive performances at follow-ups were compared with those of 76 amnestic MCI subjects who still showed impaired cognitive performances at the 24-month follow-up (MCI) and with those of a group of 87 matched control subjects (normal controls). RESULTS: Compared with normal controls the memory deficit in the…
The passive state: A protective mechanism for information in working memory tasks.
2021
Memory representations can be stored in a passive state in a visual working memory (VWM) task. However, it remains unclear whether the representations stored in the passive state are prone to interference and decay. To explore this issue, we asked participants to successively remember two sets of memory items (M1 and M2) in three test manners: a combined test (both M1 and M2 are probed simultaneously), a backward test (probe M2 first and M1 second), or a forward test (probe M1 first and M2 second). We found that the contralateral delay activity (CDA) amplitude after the onset of M2 only tracked M2 independently of M1 in the two separate tests (Experiments 1-3), and the accuracy of M1 was we…
Detecting global and local hippocampal shape changes in Alzheimer's disease using statistical shape models.
2012
Item does not contain fulltext The hippocampus is affected at an early stage in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). With the use of structural magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, we can investigate the effect of AD on the morphology of the hippocampus. The hippocampal shape variations among a population can be usually described using statistical shape models (SSMs). Conventional SSMs model the modes of variations among the population via principal component analysis (PCA). Although these modes are representative of variations within the training data, they are not necessarily discriminative on labeled data or relevant to the differences between the subpopulations. We use the shape des…
Mood congruence effect in explicit and implicit memory tasks: a comparison between depressed patients, schizophrenic patients and controls
1993
Summary This study investigates mood congruence effect in explicit and implicit memory tasks in 23 inpatients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder. Performances were compared to those of 15 in- or outpatients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia, and 37 normal subjects serving as euthymics controls. All subjects were submitted to a standard cued recall test and to a word stem completion test devised to assess the effect of the initial presentation without the explicit retrieval of the words being necessary. The material used for these two tasks consisted of emotionally negative and positive words. The results show a mood congruence effect in the ```implicit…
Comparative neuroscience of stimulant-induced memory dysfunction: role for neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus.
2010
The discovery that the addictive drugs impair neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus has prompted the elaboration of new biological hypotheses to explain addiction and drug-induced cognitive dysfunction. Considerable evidence now implicates the process of adult neurogenesis in at least some critical components of hippocampal-dependent memory function. In experimental models, psychomotor stimulant drugs produce alterations in the rate of birth, survival, maturation and functional integration of adult-born hippocampal neurons. Thus some of the deleterious consequences of drug abuse on memory could result from the neurotoxic actions of drugs on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In this review, we…
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is critically involved in basal and fluoxetine-stimulated adult hippocampal cell proliferation and in anxiety,…
2011
Intensive research is devoted to unravel the neurobiological mechanisms mediating adult hippocampal neurogenesis, its regulation by antidepressants, and its behavioral consequences. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is expressed in the CNS, where its function is unknown. Here, we show, for the first time, the relevance of MIF expression for adult hippocampal neurogenesis. We identify MIF expression in neurogenic cells (in stem cells, cells undergoing proliferation, and in newly proliferated cells undergoing maturation) in the subgranular zone of the rodent dentate gyrus. A causal function for MIF in cell proliferation was shown using genetic (M…
Association between Intake of Energy and Macronutrients and Memory Impairment Severity in US Older Adults, National Health and Nutrition Examination …
2020
Without a cure, dementia affects about 50 million people worldwide. Understanding the effects of dietary habits, a key lifestyle behavior, on memory impairment is critical to inform early behavioral modification to delay further memory loss and progression to dementia. We examined the associations of total energy intake and energy intake from macronutrients with memory impairment among older US adults using data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study 2011&ndash
”Paljo luvataan, mutta ei sitten kuitenkaan” : muistisairasta läheistään hoitavien kokemuksia omaishoidon tuen hakemisen ongelmista
2022
Omaishoidon tuki on keino vastata kasvaviin palvelutarpeisiin. Kaikki muistisairaiden omaishoitajat eivät kuitenkaan hae tai saa omaishoidon tukea. Artikkelissa kuvataan omaishoitajien kokemuksia omaishoidon tuen hakemisesta. Tulosten mukaan omaishoidon tuen hakeminen voi olla monimutkainen prosessi, jota edistävät ja hidastavat monet tekijät. Puutteellisen palvelutarpeen arvioinnin vuoksi omaishoitajat voivat jäädä jopa kokonaan tuen ulkopuolelle. peerReviewed