Search results for "Memory"
showing 10 items of 2004 documents
Early detection of memory impairments in older adults: standardization of a short version of the verbal and nonverbal Recognition Memory Test
2018
In several neurological conditions, in elderly and cognitively impaired subjects, memory functioning must be evaluated to early detect the cognitive deterioration processes. In particular, recognition memory assessment is an essential step in the clinical and neuropsychological evaluation of early memory impairments. The Recognition Memory Test (RMT) developed by Smirni et al. (G Ital Psicol XXXVII(1):325-343, 2010) is an effective instrument to assess verbal and nonverbal recognition memory in the Italian population. The current study provides a new, brief, and reliable RMT format to evaluate recognition memory on elderly subjects and it reports normative data in an older adult Italian pop…
Predicting conversion to dementia in mild cognitive impairment by volumetric and diffusivity measurements of the hippocampus.
2005
In our prospective study of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), we measured hippocampal mean diffusivity (MD) and volumes in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thirteen MCI patients were followed-up by clinical assessment over a mean 112-year period. MCI patients who converted to dementia (6 of 13) during the observation period had slightly elevated left hippocampal mean diffusivity at baseline compared with MCI patients who remained clinically stable. Hippocampal volumes as well as baseline verbal memory and MMSE did not differ significantly between stable MCI patients and converters. Hippocampal diffusivity was superior to hippocampal volumes for prediction of conversion to dementia in…
Prevalence and Cognitive Impact of Medial Temporal Atrophy in a Hospital Stroke Service: Retrospective Cohort Study
2015
Background Cerebrovascular disease and neurodegeneration cause cognitive impairment and frequently coexist. Aims Our objectives were to investigate the prevalence and cognitive impact of medial temporal lobe atrophy – a radiological marker often associated with Alzheimer's disease – in a hospital stroke service. Methods Retrospective cohort study of patients from a hospital stroke service. Patients assessed for suspected ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, irrespective of final diagnosis, underwent neuropsychological testing and magnetic resonance imaging. medial temporal lobe atrophy, white matter hyperintensities, lacunes, and cerebral microbleeds were rated using established cr…
CSF APPsα and Phosphorylated Tau Protein Levels in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia of Alzheimer's Type
2008
We exploratively measured APPs alpha, a secreted fragment of the non-amyloidogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein via a-secretase, and tau protein phosphorylated at threonine 181 (p tau) in the cerebrospinal fluid of 10 patients with mild cognitive impairment, 20 patients with dementia of Alzheimer's type, and 10 controls. Cerebrospinal fluid APPs alpha and p tau levels were correlated with cognitive performance. P tau levels were significantly elevated in mild cognitive impairment and in patients with dementia of Alzheimer's type, APPs alpha levels were significantly reduced in patients with dementia of Alzheimer's type compared to the controls. APPs alpha levels were associated wit…
Circadian System Functionality, Hippocampal Oxidative Stress, and Spatial Memory in the APPswe/PS1dE9 Transgenic Model of Alzheimer Disease: Effects …
2012
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily causes β-amyloid accumulation in the brain, resulting in cognitive and behavioral deficits. AD patients, however, also suffer from severe circadian rhythm disruptions, and the underlying causes are still not fully known. Patients with AD show reduced systemic melatonin levels. This may contribute to their symptoms, since melatonin is an effective chronobiotic and antioxidant with neuroprotective properties. Here, the authors critically assessed the effects of long-term melatonin treatment on circadian system function, hippocampal oxidative stress, and spatial memory performance in the APPswe/PS1 double transgenic (Tg) mou…
Psychometric Analysis of the Selective Reminding Procedure in a Sample from the General Elderly Population
2000
The selective reminding procedure (SRP) has been proposed for the assessment of distinct aspects of episodic memory, i.e. storage to and retrieval from short-term and long-term memory, item learning and list learning, and as dementia screening tool. In the present study SRP results were analysed in 256 probands from the general elderly population. SRP scores were highly intercorrelated, and principal component analysis yielded only one single factor. The SRP scores were moderately and not differentially correlated with immediate and delayed free recall and recognition and with verbal fluency. All SRP scores discriminated nondemented probands with episodic long-term memory impairment from th…
Music and speech listening enhance the recovery of early sensory processing after stroke.
2010
Abstract Our surrounding auditory environment has a dramatic influence on the development of basic auditory and cognitive skills, but little is known about how it influences the recovery of these skills after neural damage. Here, we studied the long-term effects of daily music and speech listening on auditory sensory memory after middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke. In the acute recovery phase, 60 patients who had middle cerebral artery stroke were randomly assigned to a music listening group, an audio book listening group, or a control group. Auditory sensory memory, as indexed by the magnetic MMN (MMNm) response to changes in sound frequency and duration, was measured 1 week (baseline), 3…
Working Memory Function in Children with Single Side Deafness Using a Bone-Anchored Hearing Implant: A Case-Control Study
2018
The importance of a good hearing function to preserve memory and cognitive abilities has been shown in the adult population, but studies on the pediatric population are currently lacking. This study aims at evaluating the effects of a bone-anchored hearing implant (BAHI) on speech perception, speech processing, and memory abilities in children with single side deafness (SSD). We enrolled <i>n</i> = 25 children with SSD and assessed them prior to BAHI implantation, and at 1-month and 3-month follow-ups after BAHI implantation using tests of perception in silence and perception in phonemic confusion, dictation in silence and noise, and working memory and short-term memory function…
Amusia and Cognitive Deficits after Stroke
2009
We studied the relationship between musical and cognitive deficits by testing middle cerebral arterial (MCA) stroke patients (n= 53) with a shortened version of the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA) and an extensive neuropsychological test battery. Results showed that amusic patients (n= 32) had more severe cognitive deficits, especially in working memory and executive functioning, than did non-amusic patients (n= 21), and the severity of amusia also correlated with attention deficits. These findings thus suggest that domain-general attention, executive, and working memory processes are associated with amusia after stroke.
A study of serum immunoglobulin levels in elderly persons that provides new insights into B cell immunosenescence.
2007
The literature on immunosenescence has focused mainly on T cell impairment. With the aim of gaining insight into B cell immunosenescence, we investigated the serum immunoglobulin levels in a cohort of 166 subjects (20-106 years). Serum IgG (and IgG subclasses) were quantified by the nephelometric technique, IgE by CAP system fluorescence enzyme immunoassay, and IgD by radial immunodiffusion (RID). There was an age-related increase of IgG and IgA; the IgG age-related increase was significant only in men, but IgG1 levels showed an age-related increase both in men and women, whereas IgG3 showed an age-related increase only in men. IgE levels remain unchanged, whereas IgD and IgM serum levels d…