Search results for "Meta-analysis."
showing 10 items of 889 documents
Geo-Epidemiology of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: New Clues Into the Pathogenesis
2015
Abstract PURPOSE: To evaluate the demographic, geographic, and race-related variables that account for geographic variability in prevalence rates of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN: Systematic review, meta-regression, and decision-tree analysis. METHODS: A systematic literature review of PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases identified population-based studies on the prevalence of AMD published before May 2014. Only population-based studies that took place in a spatially explicit geographic area that could be geolocalized, and used retinal photographs and standardized grading classifications, were included. Latitude and longitude data (geolocalization) and the…
Exercise for depression in older adults: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials adjusting for publication bias
2016
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antidepressant effects of exercise in older adults, using randomized controlled trial (RCT) data. METHODS: We conducted a meta-analysis of exercise in older adults, addressing limitations of previous works. RCTs of exercise interventions in older people with depression (≥ 60 years) comparing exercise vs. control were eligible. A random-effects meta-analysis calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) (95% confidence interval [95%CI]), meta-regressions, and trim, fill, and fail-safe number analyses were conducted. RESULTS: Eight RCTs were included, representing 138 participants in exercise arms and 129 controls. Exercise had a large and significant effect on…
Effectiveness of Exergame Intervention on Walking in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
2020
Abstract Objective The objective of this review was to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of exergaming on walking in older adults. In addition, the aim was to investigate the relationship between the exergaming effect and age, baseline walking performance, exercise traits, technology used, and the risk of bias. Methods A literature search was carried out in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, EMBASE, WoS, PsycInfo, and PEDro up to January 10, 2020. Studies with a randomized controlled trial design, people ≥60 years of age without neurological disorders, comparison group with other exercise or no exercise, and walking-related outcomes were included. Cochrane RoB2, meta-analysis, …
Frailty and Mortality Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
2017
Abstract Background Frailty has been identified as a risk factor for mortality. However, whether frailty increases mortality risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the frailty measures and mortality outcomes in this setting. Methods PubMed and EMBASE were searched until July 23, 2017 for studies evaluating the association between frailty measures and mortality in individuals who have undergone PCI. Results A total of 141 entries were retrieved from our search strategy. A total of 8 studies involving 2332 patients were included in the final meta-analysis (mean age: 69 years;…
Dual-task conditions on static postural control in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2021
Dual-task (DT) consists of the performance of two tasks simultaneously. An index of DT difficulty has been linked to decreased postural control. Because a wide range of DT is employed, this study aimed to evaluate its effects in static balance in older adults. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were screened, and the secondary tasks were grouped as manual, reaction time, discrimination and decision making, mental tracking, verbal fluency, working memory, or “other” tasks. A total of 66 studies have been included. The meta-analysis was conducted on 28 effects and showed a significant mean effect size of d = 0.24 (p = .02, SE = 0.10; confidence interval [0.04, 0.44]), indicating a worsening i…
Effects of COVID‐19 lockdown on eating disorders and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
2021
Abstract Objective This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to examine: the pooled prevalence of symptomatic behaviours and mental health deterioration amongst individuals with eating disorders (EDs) and obesity during the COVID‐19 confinement. Moreover, we examined changes in EDs and distress before and during the confinement, and the association between psychosocial factors and EDs symptoms. Method A systematic search was carried out in biomedical databases from January 2020 to January 2021. Both cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies that used quantitative measures of ED symptoms and psychological distress during and after the COVID‐19 confinement were included. Results A total o…
Body mass index and complications following major gastrointestinal surgery
2018
Aim Previous studies reported conflicting evidence on the effects of obesity on outcomes after gastrointestinal surgery. The aims of this study were to explore the relationship of obesity with major postoperative complications in an international cohort and to present a meta-analysis of all available prospective data.Methods This prospective, multicentre study included adults undergoing both elective and emergency gastrointestinal resection, reversal of stoma or formation of stoma. The primary end-point was 30-day major complications (Clavien-Dindo Grades III-V). A systematic search was undertaken for studies assessing the relationship between obesity and major complications after gastroint…
In vivo versus augmented reality exposure in the treatment of small animal phobia: A randomized controlled trial
2016
Although in vivo exposure is the treatment of choice for specific phobias, some acceptability problems have been associated with it. Virtual Reality exposure has been shown to be as effective as in vivo exposure, and it is widely accepted for the treatment of specific phobias, but only preliminary data are available in the literature about the efficacy of Augmented Reality. The purpose of the present study was to examine the efficacy and acceptance of two treatment conditions for specific phobias in which the exposure component was applied in different ways: In vivo exposure (N = 31) versus an Augmented Reality system (N = 32) in a randomized controlled trial. “One-session treatment” guidel…
Association between marfan syndrome and oral health status : a systematic review and meta-analysis
2019
Background: The purpose was to identify and assess the existing scientific evidence from epidemiologic, non-experimental, observational studies of associations between Marfan’s syndrome and oral diseases. Material and Methods: Electronic literature searches in MEDLINE (OVID), The Cochrane Library, Scopus and the Web of Science were conducted to identify all relevant articles. Eligibility was based on inclusion criteria, and quality assessments were conducted. The outcome variables were probing depth, gingival margin, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, gingival status, periodontal status, tooth mobility, furcation involvement and decayed, missing and filled teeth index. After ex…
Survival Rate and Prosthetic and Sinus Complications of Zygomatic Dental Implants for the Rehabilitation of the Atrophic Edentulous Maxilla: A System…
2021
Simple Summary Zygomatic dental implants have been proposed as an alternative to atrophic total edentulous maxillae rehabilitation with the necessity of bone grafting procedures. However, surgical, prosthetic, and maxillary sinus complications have been associated with this surgical procedure. Therefore, it is necessary to produce a systematic review and meta-analysis that provides evidence associated with the prognosis when using zygomatic dental implants as an alternative to atrophic total edentulous maxillae rehabilitation. Abstract The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze and compare the survival rate and prosthetic and sinus complications of zygomatic dental i…