Search results for "Methadone"
showing 8 items of 48 documents
Treatments for Opioid Dependence and Methadone
2016
Abstract This chapter is focused on opioid dependence treatment and is framed in a holistic perspective. Specifically, there are three main approaches to pharmacological treatment of opioid dependence: opioid detoxification, agonist maintenance, and antagonist maintenance. There is a great amount of evidence supporting the efficacy of methadone and buprenorphine or the combination of buprenorphine–naloxone for the treatment of opioid withdrawal and their clinical utility as pharmacotherapy in long-term maintenance programs. Secondary or adjunctive medications such as heroin, naltrexone, and alpha-2-adrenergics are also reviewed. The need for further research and to overcome nonscientificall…
The effect of age on opioid switching to methadone: a systematic review.
2012
The aim of this review was to assess from the existing literature the effect of age on the outcome of opioid switching to methadone, and the possible influence on conversions ratios.Older patients represent a challenge for physicians, as a further factor may play a role in dosing methadone and possibly on successful switching. Although existing data are not conclusive because this aspect did not receive particular attention in most studies, at the present time age has not been found to be independently associated with the dose ratio. Further prospective studies in a large sample of patients, subgrouped for classes of age, opioid doses, and reasons to switch, should be designed to provide mo…
Drug safety related to agents used for opioid maintenance therapy
2017
IntroductionThere is only little data regarding drug safety related to agents used for opioid maintenance therapy (OMT).Objectives/aimsTo study drug safety and the reporting behaviour of adverse drug reactions (ADR) related to OMT.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire-based telephone survey among physicians providing outpatient OMT in a federal state of Germany (n = 176; response rate = 55.7%) was conducted.ResultsMost of the respondents (n = 97/55.1%) reported that they observe ADR related to buprenorphine, [dihydro]codein and [levo]methdone rarely (n = 38/21.6%), very rarely (n = 39/22.2%) or never (n = 20/11.4%). Methadone was reported to be most frequently associated with the occurrenc…
Pharmacological treatments for opiate and alcohol addiction: A historical perspective of the last 50 years.
2018
Addiction pharmacotherapy aims to prevent drug abstinence symptoms, reduce drug craving and relapse, and normalize physiologic functions disrupted by chronic use of the drug. During the last 50 years, there has been an enormous revolution in pharmacotherapy for drug addiction. From abstinence as practically the only treatment option available, there are now multiple drugs on the market that have proved their efficacy in treating opiate and alcohol disorders. The present review will focus on the pharmacological treatments of the drugs whose consumption most affects individuals and society: alcohol and opiates. We will review the drugs most widely prescribed to prevent relapse and maintain ab…
Therapies in early development for the treatment of opiate addiction.
2015
Opiate drugs are psychoactive substances used to manage severe pain. However, their chronic use is associated with the development of addiction. Opiate addiction represents a significant public health concern.This review focuses on the most recent advances in the pharmacological treatment of opiate addiction, from those being tested in clinical trials (Phase I and II), to preclinical studies that point to new targets. Readers will gain knowledge of the wide variety of treatments used to treat opiate addiction, including their strengths and weaknesses, and the promising pharmacological targets identified by preclinical research.Among the currently available agonist therapies, new dosage form…
Assessment and treatment of the withdrawal syndrome in paediatric intensive care units
2020
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METHADONE VERSUS BUPRENORPHINE: DATA DETECTED FROM CALTANISSETTA SER.T
2018
In last years, heroin-addicted have exponentially increased: this has made it necessary to identify a pharmacological strategy as effective as possible. With this purpose, a statistical investigation was conducted in a sample of individuals, aged between 18 and 50. They were diagnosed and subjected to different treatments at Ser.T of Caltanissetta (Sicily-Italy) during the period 2013-2017. The analyzed patients were treated with three different pharmacological therapy: methadone 0.1%, methadone 0.5%, buprenorphine and suboxone. We obtained percentages of RESPONDERS, LOW RESPONDERS and NON RESPONDERS patients from data processing, based on used therapy. Considering pharmacological responses…
Oral and dental health of Italian drug addicted in methadone treatment
2019
Objectives: Our group recorded the characteristic of oro-dental health among a group of drug addicts in recovery treatment with methadone, and it evaluated the changes related to the withdrawal therapy. Methodology: A sample of 50 drug addicts in treatment with methadone was included in this study. At the beginning of the withdrawal therapy, the authors recorded the parameters involved in the most common oral diseases. Moreover, it was evaluated how, during the rehabilitation protocol, the behavioral parameters and the xerostomia that influence the oral health changed. A medical history especially referring to drug addiction features was made. An intraoral objective exam was done for each p…