Search results for "MiRNA"
showing 10 items of 190 documents
Novel circulating microRNA signature as a potential non-invasive multi-marker test in ER-positive early-stage breast cancer:A case control study
2014
Introduction There are currently no highly sensitive and specific minimally invasive biomarkers for detection of early‐stage breast cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are present in the circulation and may be unique biomarkers for early diagnosis of human cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the differential expression of miRNAs in the serum of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Methods Global miRNA analysis was performed on serum from 48 patients with ER‐positive early‐stage breast cancer obtained at diagnosis (24 lymph node‐positive and 24 lymph node‐negative) and 24 age‐matched healthy controls using LNA‐based quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). A signature of miRNAs was…
Aging Successfully: The Role of Genetics and Environment in the Era of the Aging-Boom. Potential Therapeutic Implications
2019
Aging is one of the main health-related challenges in the world. The average life expectancy of the global population at birth is increasing up to 72 years, in 2016 and it increases about two years every decade. The healthcare costs in many countries are very high because of the increased number of unhealthy populations, and the consequent increase of severe age-related disabilities [1]. Therefore, the goal of the future should be the achievement of the so-called “health-span” (healthy-life-span), more than the treatment of age-related disease to prevent the collapse of the health system. In order to achieve this objective, it is necessary to identify new targets and biomarkers and to addre…
Selective MicroRNA-Offset RNA Expression in Human Embryonic Stem Cells
2015
Small RNA molecules, including microRNAs (miRNAs), play critical roles in regulating pluri-potency, proliferation and differentiation of embryonic stem cells. miRNA-offset RNAs (moRNAs) are similar in length to miRNAs, align to miRNA precursor (pre-miRNA) loci and are therefore believed to derive from processing of the pre-miRNA hairpin sequence. Recent next generation sequencing (NGS) studies have reported the presence of moRNAs in human neurons and cancer cells and in several tissues in mouse, including pluripotent stem cells. In order to gain additional knowledge about human moRNAs and their putative development-related expression, we applied NGS of small RNAs in human embryonic stem cel…
Exploration of extracellular vesicles from Ascaris suum provides evidence of parasite–host cross talk
2019
The prevalent porcine helminth, Ascaris suum, compromises pig health and reduces farm productivity worldwide. The closely related human parasite, A. lumbricoides, infects more than 800 million people representing a disease burden of 1.31 million disability-adjusted life years. The infections are often chronic in nature, and the parasites have a profound ability to modulate their hosts' immune responses. This study provides the first in-depth characterisation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from different developmental stages and body parts of A. suum and proposes the role of these vesicles in the host-parasite interplay. The release of EVs from the third- (L3) and fourth-stage (L4) larvae a…
Evolutionary conservation and function of the human embryonic stem cell specific miR-302/367 cluster
2015
miRNA clusters define a group of related miRNAs closely localized in the genome with an evolution that remains poorly understood. The miR-302/367 cluster represents a single polycistronic transcript that produces five precursor miRNAs. The cluster is highly expressed and essential for maintenance of human embryonic stem cells. We found the cluster to be highly conserved and present in most mammals. In primates, seed sequence and miRNA structure are conserved, but inter-precursor sequences are evolving. Insertions of new miRNAs, deletions of individual miRNAs, and a cluster duplication observed in different species suggest an actively evolving cluster. Core transcriptional machinery consisti…
DNA Methylation and Non-Coding RNAs during Tissue-Injury Associated Pain.
2022
While about half of the population experience persistent pain associated with tissue damages during their lifetime, current symptom-based approaches often fail to reduce such pain to a satisfactory level. To provide better patient care, mechanism-based analgesic approaches must be developed, which necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the nociceptive mechanism leading to tissue injury-associated persistent pain. Epigenetic events leading the altered transcription in the nervous system are pivotal in the maintenance of pain in tissue injury. However, the mechanisms through which those events contribute to the persistence of pain are not fully understood. This review provides a summar…
The revised microRNA complement of Fasciola hepatica reveals a plethora of overlooked microRNAs and evidence for enrichment of immuno-regulatory micr…
2015
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene regulators that have recently been shown to down-regulate the immune response via extracellular vesicles in the mammalian host of helminthic parasites. Using the miRNA prediction pipeline miRCandRef, we expanded the current miRNA set of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica (Platyhelminthes, Trematoda) from 16 to 54 miRNAs (42 conserved and 13 novel). Comparing the cellular expression levels with extracellular vesicles, we found all miRNAs expressed and enriched for miRNAs with immuno-regulatory function, tissue growth and cancer. Our findings support the hypothesis that miRNAs are the molecular mediators of the previously demonstrated immune modulatory function of e…
miRNAs and Genes Involved in the Interplay between Ocular Hypertension and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma. Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis…
2021
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/11/2227 En esta investigación también participan: Mar Valero Vello, Silvia M. Sanz González, José E. O'Connor, David Galarreta Mira, María D. Pinazo-Durán y Vicente Zanón Moreno. Este artículo pertenece al número especial "Recent Clinical Research on Glaucoma". Glaucoma has no cure and is a sight-threatening neurodegenerative disease affecting more than 100 million people worldwide, with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) being the most globally prevalent glaucoma clinical type. Regulation of gene expression and gene networks, and its multifactorial pathways involved in glaucoma disease are landmark…
Transcriptomic and Bioinformatic Analyses Identifying a Central Mif-Cop9-Nf-kB Signaling Network in Innate Immunity Response of Ciona robusta
2023
The Ascidian C. robusta is a powerful model for studying innate immunity. LPS induction activates inflammatory-like reactions in the pharynx and the expression of several innate immune genes in granulocyte hemocytes such as cytokines, for instance, macrophage migration inhibitory factors (CrMifs). This leads to intracellular signaling involving the Nf-kB signaling cascade that triggers downstream pro-inflammatory gene expression. In mammals, the COP9 (Constitutive photomorphogenesis 9) signalosome (CSN) complex also results in the activation of the NF-kB pathway. It is a highly conserved complex in vertebrates, mainly engaged in proteasome degradation which is essential for maintaining proc…
Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal 2 and 4 Family Members of Cytochromes P450 (CYP) Involved in LPS Inflammatory Response in Pharynx of Ciona robusta
2021
Cytochromes P450 (CYP) are enzymes responsible for the biotransformation of most endogenous and exogenous agents. The expression of each CYP is influenced by a unique combination of mechanisms and factors including genetic polymorphisms, induction by xenobiotics, and regulation by cytokines and hormones. In recent years, Ciona robusta, one of the closest living relatives of vertebrates, has become a model in various fields of biology, in particular for studying inflammatory response. Using an in vivo LPS exposure strategy, next-generation sequencing (NGS) and qRT-PCR combined with bioinformatics and in silico analyses, compared whole pharynx transcripts from naïve and LPS-exposed C. robusta…