Search results for "Microbial Sensitivity Tests"
showing 10 items of 333 documents
T-DNA insertion alters the terpenoid content composition and bioactivity of transgenic Artemisia annua.
2014
In this study, the interference of T-DNA insertion upon Agrobacterium-mediated transformation on the biochemical expression of the host genome is discussed. Plant extracts of transgenic Artemisia annua L. with or without an overexpressed farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene have been investigated for their bioactivity and metabolic profile in comparison with wild type A. annua. The highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans was observed in the T253 transgenic lines. Moreover, the crude extract from T253 showed higher antimalarial activity against the Plasmodium faciparum K1 strain than those of the others. The terpenoid constituents…
Mononuclear Perfluoroalkyl-Heterocyclic Complexes of Pd(II): Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity
2020
Two mononuclear Pd(II) complexes [PdCl2(pfptp)] (1) and [PdCl2(pfhtp)] (2), with ligands 2-(3-perfluoropropyl-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5yl)-pyridine (pfptp) and 2-(3-perfluoroheptyl-1-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5yl)-pyridine (pfhtp), were synthesized and structurally characterized. The two complexes showed a bidentate coordination of the ligand occurring through N atom of pyridine ring and N4 atom of 1,2,4-triazole. Both complexes showed antimicrobial activity when tested against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of some species of Anthemis sect. Anthemis (Asteraceae) from Sicily
2017
The chemical composition of the essential oils isolated from the aerial parts of Anthemis arvensis L. subsp. arvensis, Anthemis cretica subsp. messanensis (Brullo) Giardina & Raimondo and from flowers and leaves of Anthemis cretica subsp. columnae (Ten.) Frezén were determinated by GC–FID and GC–MS analyses. Torreyol (85.4%) was recognised as the main constituent of the Anthemis arvensis subsp. arvensis essential oil, while in the essential oils of Anthemis cretica subsp. messanensis, collected on the rock and cultivated in Hortus Botanicus Panormitanus, (E)-chrysanthenyl acetate (28.8 and 24.2% resp.), 14-hydroxy-α-humulene (8.1 and 5.3% resp.), santolina triene (8 and 5.8% resp.) and …
Antimicrobial Lessons From a Large Observational Cohort on Intra-abdominal Infections in Intensive Care Units
2021
Severe intra-abdominal infection commonly requires intensive care. Mortality is high and is mainly determined by disease-specific characteristics, i.e. setting of infection onset, anatomical barrier disruption, and severity of disease expression. Recent observations revealed that antimicrobial resistance appears equally common in community-acquired and late-onset hospital-acquired infection. This challenges basic principles in anti-infective therapy guidelines, including the paradigm that pathogens involved in community-acquired infection are covered by standard empiric antimicrobial regimens, and second, the concept of nosocomial acquisition as the main driver for resistance involvement. I…
Thiazoles, Their Benzofused Systems, and Thiazolidinone Derivatives: Versatile and Promising Tools to Combat Antibiotic Resistance.
2020
Thiazoles, their benzofused systems, and thiazolidinone derivatives are widely recognized as nuclei of great value for obtaining molecules with various biological activities, including analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antidiabetic, antitumor, and antimicrobial. In particular, in the past decade, many compounds bearing these heterocycles have been studied for their promising antibacterial properties due to their action on different microbial targets. Here we assess the recent development of this class of compounds to address mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance at both bacterial-cell and community levels (biofilms). We also explore the SAR and the prospective clinical applicati…
In vitro activity of fluconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin against clinical yeast isolates.
2007
Predicting the clinical outcome of a systemic mycosis is often a difficult task, especially when microbiological resistance is one of the factors contributing to therapeutic failure. Some of these factors are host-related--e.g. immune state, site and severity of infection, poor compliance to therapy--while others are associated with the drug's characteristics--e.g. dosage, type of compound (fungistatic/fungicidal), pharmacokinetic properties and drug-drug interactions. In the last few years, clinicians have been confronted with the problem of selecting the most appropriate antifungal therapy for systemic infections and have highlighted the need for a reliable method to assay the in vitro su…
In vitro activities of antimicrobial agents against Candida species
1999
Objective. Antimicrobial mouthrinses may represent a valid alternative to topical antifungal agents. However, the action of antimicrobials could be affected by the different ingredients incorporated into mouthrinse products. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the in vitro antifungal and fungicidal activities of antimicrobials alone. Study Design. A broth macrodilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 antimicrobial agents against Candida species. Minimum fungicidal concentration was also determined. Results. All antimicrobials showed antifungal activity against all tested organisms, but cetylpyridinium chloride received significantly low…
Nanocarriers for respiratory diseases treatment: Recent advances and current challenges
2014
Pulmonary delivery of locally-acting drugs encapsulated in nanocarriers provides several advantages for the treatment of respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, cystic fibrosis, tuberculosis and lung cancer. These advantages include, among others, sustained drug delivery to the lungs, reduced therapeutic dose and improved patient compliance. The aim of this review is to give an updated overview on recent advances recorded in the last few years in this field as well as on the major challenges still existing and that remain to be overcome before any clinical application. After an outline on the cellular and extracellular barriers affecting drug delivery to…
Quantifying transmission fitness costs of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
2021
As multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) continues to spread, investigating the transmission potential of different drug-resistant strains becomes an ever more pressing topic in public health. While phylogenetic and transmission tree inferences provide valuable insight into possible transmission chains, phylodynamic inference combines evolutionary and epidemiological analyses to estimate the parameters of the underlying epidemiological processes, allowing us to describe the overall dynamics of disease spread in the population. In this study, we introduce an approach to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) phylodynamic analysis employing an existing computationally efficient mod…
Synthesis and antibacterial activities of cadiolides A, B and C and analogues
2015
International audience; The one-pot multicomponent synthesis of natural butenolides named cadiolides A, B, C and analogues has been realized. The antibacterial structure activity relationship shows that the presence of phenolic hydroxyl groups and the number and position of bromine atoms on the different aromatic rings are important features for antibacterial activity, besides it was demonstrated the tolerance of both benzene and furan ring at position 3 of the butenolide nucleus. Furthermore, none of the most relevant antibacterial compounds showed any cytotoxicity in freshly isolated human neutrophils.