Search results for "Microbio"

showing 10 items of 8741 documents

Stochastic model for a biological complex system: analysis of the bacterial growth in food products

2012

The Physics of Complex Systems has recently taken a more and more important role in the description of natural systems because of the interactions, both deterministic and noisy, between such systems and the environment. In particular the noise plays a relevant role in biological systems, whose dynamics is strongly influenced by environmental variables subject to random fluctuations. In this work a stochastic model is exploited to reproduce the growth of bacteria in food of animal origin. Specifically the dynamics of a bacterial species, Listeria monocytogenes, is analyzed in the presence of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) during the period of the fermentation of meat products. The model, based o…

bacterial dynamicfood safetyPredictive microbiologyinterspecific competitionenvironmental noisestochastic modelSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Predictive microbiology; bacterial dynamics; interspecific competition; stochastic model; environmental noise; food safety
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Dextranos de bacterias lácticas aisladas de productos cárnicos: caracterización y aplicaciones

2015

153 p.-46 fig.-9 tab.-2 anexos

bacterias lácticasantiviralesUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDAexopolisacáridosPolisacaridosMicrobiologíaBiología molecular de microorganismos:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]biología molecularBacteriologíadextrano
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Cooperation between Different CRISPR-Cas Types Enables Adaptation in an RNA-Targeting System

2021

CRISPR-Cas systems are immune systems that protect bacteria and archaea against their viruses, bacteriophages. Immunity is achieved through the acquisition of short DNA fragments from the viral invader’s genome.

bacteriophagesanimal diseasesvirusesevoluutiotype VIchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaadaptationFlavobacteriumMicrobiologybakteriofagitbakteeritClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeatstype II1184 Genetics developmental biology physiologyDNAbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionAdaptation PhysiologicalQR1-502immuunijärjestelmäCRISPRcoevolutionRNA ViralbacteriaRNAspacer acquisitionCRISPR-Cas Systemshorisontaalinen geeninsiirtoGenome BacterialResearch Article
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Silent rain: does the atmosphere-mediated connectivity between microbiomes influence bacterial evolutionary rates?

2020

ABSTRACT Air carries a vast number of bacteria and viruses over great distances all the time. This leads to continuous introduction of foreign genetic material to local, established microbial communities. In this perspective, I ask whether this silent rain may have a slowing effect on the overall evolutionary rates in the microbial biosphere. Arguably, the greater the genetic divergence between gene ‘donors’ and ‘recipients’, the greater the chance that the gene product has a deleterious epistatic interaction with other gene products in its genetic environment. This is due to the long-term absence of check for mutual compatibility. As such, if an organism is extensively different from other…

bacteriophagesviruksetRainevoluutioBiologybacterial evolutionApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyGenomebakteriofagitEpistatic interactionbakteeritEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesgenetic innovationsBacteriophagesMicrobiomeGeneOrganism030304 developmental biologyilmakehä2. Zero hunger0303 health sciencesGene by environmentEcologyBacteria030306 microbiologyAtmosphereMicrobiotaGenetic compatibilityBiological EvolutionGenetic divergencemikrobisto13. Climate actionEvolutionary biologyatmosphereevolutionary rategenetic compatibilityleviäminenFEMS microbiology ecology
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EMbaRC designing training and e-learning materials for biological resource centres

2012

International audience; The European Consortium of Microbial Resource Centres (EMbaRC, www.embarc.eu) is a research infrastructure project gathering together the major microbial Biological Resource Centres (BRCs) in Europe. These cultures collections have a long and respected tradition in training people that are involved in microbial taxonomy, preservation and management. Advanced and bespoke courses on related topics add high value to the European educational community and create a knowledge-based training network. Under the framework of EMbaRC, the training programmes offered by the consortium were surveyed and schemes were proposed to establish an educational community to create a knowl…

bactérie[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionressource[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitologytaxonomieeurope[SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutritionbactérie ressource biodiversité taxonomie préservation europebiodiversitépréservation
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Les souches d’Escherichia coli résistantes aux antibiotiques

2017

Parmi les bactéries multi-résistantes, les entérobactéries productrices de β-lactamase à spectre élargi (BLSE) occupent une place croissante. Parmi celles-ci, c’est Escherichia coli (entérobactérie commensale du tube digestif de l’homme et de l’animal) qui est l’espèce la plus concernée par cette production enzymatique. Cependant, il existe peu de données sur l’existence de réservoirs environnementaux pour ces souches, leur capacité à survivre dans l’environnement et en particulier dans les eaux douces et dans les sols. Le projet "CIREC" visait donc à étudier la prévalence et la caractérisation des souches d’E.coli productrices de BLSE de type CTX-M dans les eaux usées et les boues issues d…

bactériesoldisséminationCôte d'Orcéphalosporineboue station épurationentérobactérieirrigationeau uséeenzymecontaminationβ-Lactamase à spectre étenduEscherichia colistation épurationantibiorésistanceBourgogne[SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Healthmédicament antibiotiquerésistance[SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriologytraitement eauagriculture
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Biodegradazione di miscele di gasolio in suoli contaminati

2008

Il biorisanamento mediante l’utilizzo di microrganismi ha un ruolo fondamentale nelle pratiche di trasformazione di molecole potenzialmente tossiche quali gli idrocarburi, che quotidianamente vengono riversati negli ecosistemi provocando fenomeni di antropizzazione in equilibri naturali particolarmente sensibili. Numerosi ceppi batterici sono abili degradatori e mineralizzatori di sostanze inquinanti xenobiotiche di sintesi e recalcitranti non esistenti in natura, quali i derivati di idrocarburi aromatici e policlorobifenili (PCB). Mediante colture su mezzo minerale Bushnell-Haas agarizzato (BH) in presenza di una miscela di idrocarburi come unica fonte di carbonio sono stati isolati 5 cepp…

batteri del suoloSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaGasolioSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generalebiodegradazione
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Degradazione di pesticidi organofosforici in matrici ambientali

2008

Matrici quali acqua, suolo ed aria sono costantemente soggette a forti pressioni antropiche. I pesticidi pur avendo apportato grandi benefici alle attività agricole influiscono negativamente sugli equilibri degli ecosistemi. Circa 85-90% dei principi attivi applicati in agricoltura non raggiunge gli organismi a cui sono destinati, ma viene disperso nell’ambiente. In tale contesto l’individuazione di microrganismi deputati alla loro degradazione diventa un importante mezzo per la salvaguardia ambientale e della salute umana. Lo scopo del presente lavoro è stato quello di isolare batteri del suolo capaci di degradare composti organofosforici, i quali rivestono una notevole importanza nelle pr…

batteri del suoloSettore AGR/13 - Chimica AgrariaSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generalepesticidi organofosforicibiodegradazione
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Consumer Preference Heterogeneity Evaluation in Fruit and Vegetable Purchasing Decisions Using the Best–Worst Approach

2019

This study assesses consumer preferences during fruit and vegetable (FV) sales, considering the sociodemographic variables of individuals together with their choice of point of purchase. A choice experiment was conducted in two metropolitan areas in Northwest Italy. A total of 1170 consumers were interviewed at different FV purchase points (mass retail chains and open-air markets) using a paper questionnaire. The relative importance assigned by consumers to 12 fruit and vegetable product attributes, including both intrinsic and extrinsic quality cues, was assessed by using the best&ndash

best–worst scaling; cluster analysis; consumer preferences; fruits and vegetablesHealth (social science)Point of saleconsumer preference030309 nutrition & dieteticsmedia_common.quotation_subjectfruits and vegetablesSample (statistics)Plant Sciencelcsh:Chemical technologycomputer.software_genreHealth Professions (miscellaneous)MicrobiologyArticle03 medical and health sciencesSettore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo Ruralecluster analysiconsumer preferenceslcsh:TP1-1185Quality (business)best–worst scalingMarketingConsumer behaviour040502 food sciencemedia_common0303 health sciencesfood and beverages04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesOrganic certificationPreferenceLatent class modelPurchasingSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeBusiness0405 other agricultural sciencescomputercluster analysisFood ScienceFoods
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Purification and characterization of an intracellular family 3 β-glucosidase from Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis CB1

2005

Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis CB1 uses cellobiose and other β-glucosides (methyl-β-glucoside, arbutin, amygdalin and salicin) as carbon sources. A hexameric ca. 288 kDa β-glucosidase was purified to homogeneity from Lact. sanfranciscensis CB1 by four chromatographic steps. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 7.5 and 40°C. It had a pI of ca. 4.38 and a D55°C value of ca. 27 sec. Almost total inhibition was found with sulfhydryl-modifying agents and divalent cations such as Cu2+, Co2+, Hg2+, Ni2+ and Fe2+ at a concentration of 2 mM. The enzyme was active towards β-(1→4) substrates such as p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucoside, -D-galactoside and -L-rhamnoside, and cellobiose. The sequencing of four …

beta glucosidasi Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis impasti acidiSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
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