Search results for "Microbiota."
showing 10 items of 496 documents
Characteristics of the salivary microbiota in cheilitis granulomatosa.
2019
Background Cheilitis granulomatosa (CG) is a disturbing and persistent idiopathic lip swelling. The cause and treatment has not been wholly elucidated. Some reports infer that CG is mainly associated with dental infection but no firm or reliable microbiological evidence has been provided for a causative organism. This study aimed to evaluate whether microorganisms contribute to the etiology of CG in order to inform appropriate treatment options in clinic. Material and Methods Unstimulated saliva was collected from 15 CG patients who were diagnosed clinically and pathologically and 15 healthy controls (HC). DNA was extracted from the precipitate of the centrifuged saliva for 16s rRNA high-th…
Interest of studying the saliva metabolome, transcriptome and microbiome in screening for pancreatic cancer
2019
Abstract Introduction Pancreatic cancer is a public health problem because its mortality rate is close to its incidence rate. If it were possible to detect this cancer before the onset of symptoms, 5-year survival could reach 75%. Numerous studies have attempted to accelerate the diagnosis to improve survival. Saliva presents interesting characteristics as a fluid for screening and diagnosis. Its many components provide a promising source of constitutive biomarkers with a specific signature of the disease. The aim of this work was to determine the interest of studying the metabolome, the transcriptome and the microbiome of saliva in screening for pancreatic cancer. Materials and methods A r…
The importance of environmental microbes for Drosophila melanogaster during seasonal macronutrient variability
2021
AbstractExperiments manipulating the nutritional environment and the associated microbiome of animals have demonstrated their importance for key fitness components. However, there is little information on how macronutrient composition and bacterial communities in natural food sources vary across seasons in nature and on how these factors affect the fitness components of insects. In this study, diet samples from an orchard compost heap, which is a natural habitat for many Drosophila species and other arthropods, were collected over 9 months covering all seasons in a temperate climate. We developed D. melanogaster on diet samples and investigated stress resistance and life-history traits as w…
The gut bacterial community of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, Coleoptera, Curculionidae) larvae
2011
The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, Coleoptera, Curculionidae) is the major pest of palm trees in the Mediterranean area. Damages are caused mainly by the endophytophagous larvae that consume the palm tender soft tissues making galleries and producing a wet “frass” with a characteristic fermented odour. The culturable bacterial community associated to the frass produced by RPW larvae inside Phoenix canariensis trees is mainly composed of facultative anaerobe gamma-proteobacteria that have their closest phylogenetic relatives in the gut microbiome of other endophytophagous and xilophagous coleopteran as bark beetles and other plant biomass-degrading insects (leaf-c…
ANALISI DELLA COMUNITÀ MICROBICA INTESTINALE DI Reculitermes lucifugus (ROSSI) (ISOPTERA: RHINOTERMITIDAE)
2012
Reticulitermes lucifugus è una specie di termite diffusa in Italia e che causa gravi danni alle strutture legnose di monumenti storici e artistici. L’intestino delle termiti ospita una comunità microbica di batteri e flagellati, responsabile della degradazione del materiale lignocellulosico. Studi preliminari sulla comunità microbica dei simbionti di R. lucifugus, hanno descritto alcune specie di protozoi, ma non ci sono ancora informazioni sui simbionti batterici. Al fine di caratterizzare la comunità microbica intestinale di R. lucifugus è stato utilizzato un approccio molecolare coltura indipendente e colture di arricchimento per l’isolamento dei batteri cellulosolitici. Per l’analisi co…
Probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics in inflammatory bowel diseases: state-of-the-art and new insights
2013
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) consists of two distinct clinical forms, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), with unknown aetiology, which nevertheless are considered to share almost identical pathophysiological backgrounds. Up to date, a full coherent mechanistic explanation for IBD is still lacking, but people start to realize that the pathogenesis of IBD involves four fundamental components: the environment, gut microbiota, the immune system and the genome. As a consequence, IBD development might be due to an altered immune response and a disrupted mechanism of host tolerance to the non-pathogenic resident microbiota, leading to an elevated inflammatory response. Consideri…
THE ROLE OF BUTYRIC ACID AS A OPROTECTIVE AGENT AGAINST INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
2014
Inflammatory Bowel disease (IBD), such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are pathologies characterized by a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Their etiopathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Immune system and heat shock proteins (HSPs) dysfunctions are considered to be among the most likely causes of these diseases. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid produced by intestinal microflora. It has a trophic, benefical and protective role in the colonic mucosa, and it also induces changes in Hsp levels and localization. It may therefore be a valuable complementary therapeutic agent when used alongside trraditional drugs (mesalazine and corticosteroids) to treat the …