Search results for "Modèle"
showing 10 items of 311 documents
Vibro-acoustocal behavior of composite structures with damping elements
2013
This work is on the subject of modelization of structures treated with passive damping elements. A generic "equivalent single layer" plate model using transverse shear warping functions is presented. Several methods to obtain these functions are described, allowing the implementation of classical models and others issued from the litterature. Two new methods for obtaining these functions are also presented.Several discretization methods adapted to the generic plate model are studied. Navier's procedure allows the testing of the quality of each model associated with a set of transverse shear warping functions. Rayleigh-Ritz method allows the study of the vibrational behavior of a rectangular…
Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein
2012
In developed countries, breast cancer is currently the leading cancer in women in terms of incidence and mortality (standardized rate of 101.5 and 17.7 per 100,000 person-years in 2005, respectively). Many risk factors and prognostic factors have been studied and are well known. Research is under way with regard to every step in the development of breast cancer, but the impact of socio-economic and geographic factors, at the individual and environmental level with regard to the disease have never been studied in France.The general aim of this work was to explore the impact of these factors in different ways to build on our knowledge and to develop practical applications in the primary, seco…
Agroecological engineering
2015
Earth has recently entered the new era of the Anthropocene, during which the rise of human activities are impacting for the first time ecosystems and climate on the global scale. Since the 1960s the green revolution has improved food production in quantity using industrially-designed agriculture, which has led to global pollution by pesticides and losses of food quality, biodiversity and soil carbon. As a consequence there is a need to implement agroecological practices in order to produce food safely and in a sustainable way. This virtual issue presents principles and applications of agroecological engineering, exemplified in 19 selected review articles from the journal Agronomy for Sustai…
Ville et fortifications : de l'héritage à la production du territoire urbain
2015
A large number of french cities host military historical edifices (citadels, barracks, bastions, defensive walls, etc.). Although their initial defensive functions have been lost over time, these edifices remain deeply rooted in the urban fabric of their host cities. They continue exerting an impact on these cities’ urban morphology and modern-time functions as well as the way in which the concept of city is understood. Cities nowadays face some new challenges,the increasing awareness of urban sprawl and its consequences, coupled with an urge to promote a renewed and sustainable urbanism, invites us to adopt new approaches to study urban fortifications. In addition to their symbolic aspect,…
Theoretical approaches for geometric optimization of urban forms : towards a fractal development of the city
2017
This thesis aims to establish a urban structure that optimizes inhabitant's preferences. In other words, we want to find out which city shape answers the best the residents' aspirations, according to their consumption preferences for urban and green amenities. By considering a theoretical field of study and by characterizing the population by a Cobb-Douglas behavioral pattern, we will build step by step a city, assuming successive arrivais of new individuals, in order to find out which geometric shape gives the most suitable answer. The final goal of this thesis is there to suggest a city with a fractal shape as an appro- priate answer to the resident's expectations. We will show that this …
Les pays en développement à l'ère de l'e-learning
2012
En ligne sur : http://www.iiep.unesco.org/fileadmin/user_upload/Info_Services_Publications/pdf/2012/Fund96_FR.pdf; Si la formation à distance (FAD) réduit l'éloignement géographique, elle permet aussi de contrôler la distance sociale ou économique, grâce à une structure de coûts plus favorable. Est-ce une aubaine pour les pays en développement (PED) ? L'avènement des technologies numériques, tout en rapprochant les populations éloignées, permet le développement de modèles pédagogiques adaptés et diversifiés, avec une approche économique qui ne vise plus seulement les économies d'échelle. Dans cet ouvrage, Christian Depover et François Orivel tentent de déterminer quels bénéfices les PED, et…
Entangled states and coherent interaction in resonant media
2014
The entanglement features of some solid state materials, as well as of particular systems of interacting atoms and fields are analyzed. A detailed investigation of the rich phase structure of low dimensional spin models, describing the natural mineral azurite and copper based coordination compounds, has revealed regimes with the most robust entanglement behavior. Using the dynamical system approach, the phase structure of some classical models on hierarchical (recursive) lattices has been also studied and, for the first time, the transition between chaotic and periodic regimes by means of tangent bifurcation has been detected.A detailed description of entanglement properties of three atoms …
L'estimation de modèles à variable dépendante dichotomique
1977
Document de travail de l'IME, n°20, avril 1977en ligne sur http://lara.inist.fr/bitstream/handle/2332/2144/IME_DT_77_20.pdf?sequence=1; e texte a pour objet l'étude de l'estimation de la probabilité de réalisation d'un évènement E, étant donné un certain nombre de caractéristiques associées à cette éventualité. Deux modèles sont envisagés, à savoir le modèle de régression linéaire et le modèle de régression logistique. Le premier, qui revient à estimer une fonction de probabilité linéaire ne vérifie plus les hypothèses classiques des moindres carrés ordinaires. Une première amélioration consiste alors à estimer le modèle par la méthode des moindres carrés généralisés. Cependant, outre le pr…
Nature et impacts des effets spatiaux sur les valeurs immobilières : le cas de l'espace urbanisé francilien
2013
International audience
NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECTS IN SPATIAL HOUSING VALUE MODELS. THE CASE OF THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF PARIS (1999)
2009
In hedonic housing models, the spatial dimension of housing values are traditionally processed by the impact of neighborhood variables and accessibility variables. In this paper we show that spatial effects might remain once neighborhood effects and accessibility have been controlled for. We notably stress on three sides of neighborhood effects: social capital, social status and social externalities and consider the accessibility to the primary economic center as describing the urban spatial trend. Using spatial econometrics specifications of the hedonic equation, we estimate whether spatial effects impact the housing values. Our empirical case concerns the Metropolitan Area (MA) of Paris i…