Search results for "Modélisation"

Weed detection by aerial imagery : toward weed management by UAV

2016

The agricultural framework aims to reduce pesticide use on fields. Weed management, which is highly herbicide consuming, became a great issue. In order to develop a weed management service using UAV, this PhD dissertation studies how to adapt the acquisition system (UAV + multispectral camera) developed by AIRINOV to detect weeds in row crops. The acquisition chain was modeled to assess some of its parameters (optical filters and spatial resolution) impact on weed detection quality. Orthoimages and orthorectified images were created using a multispectral camera (4 to 8 filters) with 6 mm to 6 cm spatial resolutions. Several weed location methods were specifically developed to study multispe…

Intégration perçue des canaux de distribution par les consommateurs : mesure et modélisation

2012

Véhicule autonome et simulation des mobilités : vers de nouveaux modèles

2018

International audience; Technologie de rupture, le véhicule autonome prend part dans l’une des neuf solutions industrielles de la « Nouvelle France industrielle » de 2016 et se voit doté d’un investissement conséquent de l’Etat français via, notamment, l’institut pour la transition écologique VEDECOM créé en 2014. Si les premiers tests sur circuit furent conduits dès les années 1960 au Japon et en Europe (Stanley, 2013), le concept originel du véhicule autonome émane de General Motors lors de la World’s Fair de New York en 1939 (Anderson et al., 2014). Il faut néanmoins attendre les années 2000 et le DARPA Challenge pour que le véhicule autonome connaisse un réel engouement comme en témoign…

Modélisation des voies de la commande saccadique

2012

A model of the saccadic pathways is proposed.

La difficile taxinomie des situations intermédiaires sur le marché du travail : une illustration à partir du processus d'insertion des docteurs

2001

Actes des 8èmes journées d'études Céreq/Lasmas-Institut du Longitudinal, L'analyse longitudinale du marché du travail, Marseille, 17 et 18 mai 2001; International audience; This paper attempts to analyse the recent labour market prospects for scientific PhD graduates in France. Firstly, we propose an assessment of the labour market situation of PhD graduates three years after the completion of their theses, using a standard categorical analysis of labour market activities. Secondly, we use unemployment durations to study the difficulties PhD graduates encounter when they enter the labour market.

Trois modèles pour mieux comprendre la localisation des commerces de détail en milieu urbain

2003

Three models are proposed to offer a better understanding of urban retail location dynamics. Each corresponds to one step in a methodological progression, the presentation of which is the central concern of this paper. The first step consists in modelling the general processes behind urban retail location patterns. The second step identifies the main retail location rules and defines the structure of the third model. Whereas the results of the two first steps are mainly conceptual, the mathematical nature of the last model allows for simulations.

Les aventures de Sherlock Holmes : organisation et utilisation de l'espace

1992

Pour voir l'article en ligne, aller sur le site de la revue Mappemonde: http://mappemonde.mgm.fr/; National audience

A modelling population-based approach to the effect of granulocyte growth factors during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia

2020

The work of this thesis is based on results of a cohort study whose main objective was to define the optimal schedule of prophylactic administration of granulocyte growth factors (G-CSF) in the context of FOLFIRINOX treatment. For this purpose, a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model was built to describe the absolute neutrophil counts (ANC) time course in our population, including the three chemotherapies neutropenic effect, but also the stimulating effect of exogenous G-CSF on the proliferation and maturation of neutrophils. Based on the estimates of the model parameters, simulations were performed to determine the incidence and duration of neutropenia for each prophylactic G-CSF …

Contribution to the investigation of dynamic responses of human tissues under high velocity impacts using finite element modeling

2022

Thoracic injuries happen frequently in various frameworks of high velocity impact biomechanics. Rib fractures and lung injuries are the most common hard and soft tissue injuries in human thorax. This thesis aims to contribute to the investigation of dynamic responses of human tissues especially ribs and soft tissues under high velocity impacts using finite element modeling. Firstly, a novel strain-rate-dependent elasto-hydrodynamic constitutive law of the synthetic polymer Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene (SEBS) gel was proposed and implemented as a user material subroutine in Radioss (Altair Hyperworks) to interpret dynamic behaviors of SEBS gel under various loading configurations. Numer…

Évolution du paysage des franges urbaines à travers le temps

2019

National audience; Les paysages sont devenus un enjeu pour les territoires qui veulent offrir un cadre de vie agréable aux populations. C’est un facteur clé dans le choix des ménages pour installer leur logement, au même titre par exemple que l’accès aux commerces et services (Cavailhès et al., 2007). Ce phénomène peut s’observer plus spécifiquement dans les franges urbaines, zones où des surfaces bâties s’implantent au dépens des espaces agricoles ou boisés. Cette urbanisation progressive engendre une dynamique des paysages bien particulière, avec de fortes modifications dans des délais qui peuvent être très courts (Barnes et al., 2001). La qualité visuelle du paysage est alors modifiée à …