Search results for "Modality"

Deliberate use of metaphor and metonymy as mnemonic devices for identification in a non-linguistic modality

2020

Oral propranolol and intravitreal ranibizumab for refractory serous macular detachment secondary to retinal capillary hemangioblastoma

2015

Cytoreductive surgery and mitomycin C hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with CO2 recirculation (HIPEC-CO2) for colorectal cancer peritoneal m…

2021

Peritoneal dissemination from colorectal cancer (CRC) has long been associated with unfavorable prognosis. However, in the last decades, the combination of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) was able to obtain up to 30% 5-year survival rate in selected centers. Despite the wide diffusion of CRS and HIPEC, until now, there are no clear recommendations on the drug of choice for HIPEC nor its technique, and safety and efficacy data of HIPEC regimens and techniques are lacking. We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of 26 CRS and mitomycin C HIPEC with CO2 recirculation (HIPEC-CO2) for CRC peritoneal metastasis…

Multidisciplinary strategies to improve treatment outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma

2013

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex disease with a poor prognosis. Incidence and mortality rates are increasing in many geographical regions, indicating a need for better management strategies. Among several risk factors for HCC, the most common are cirrhosis because of chronic hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus infection and alcohol consumption, obesity, and diabetes. In some patients, combined risk factors present additional challenges to the prevention and treatment of HCC. Screening and surveillance of high-risk populations varies widely by geographic regions, and access to optimal surveillance is critical for early diagnosis. The treatment choice for HCC depends on the canc…

KEYNOTE-975 study design: a Phase III study of definitive chemoradiotherapy plus pembrolizumab in patients with esophageal carcinoma

2021

Despite curative-intent treatment, most patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer will experience disease recurrence or locoregional progression, highlighting the need for new therapies. Current guidelines recommend definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients ineligible for surgical resection, but survival outcomes are poor. Pembrolizumab is well tolerated and provides promising antitumor activity in patients with previously treated, advanced, unresectable esophageal/esophagogastric junction cancer. Combining pembrolizumab with chemoradiotherapy may further improve outcomes in the first-line setting. Here, we describe the design and rationale for the double-blind, Phase III, placebo-co…

Communicating Medical Information Online: The Case of Adolescent Health Websites

2020

In recent times, our understanding and practice of public health has been increasingly guided by technological advances generally based on governmental decisions (Green et al. 2009). Not only does the growth of a public system for protecting health hinge upon scientific discovery and dissemination of medical knowledge, but also the World Wide Web has considerably changed the health communication environment. This paper considers the online health information addressed to adolescents. Given that young people have difficulty accessing traditional health services, in theory, the Internet might offer them a more confidential and convenient access to an unprecedented level of information about a…

Childhood cancer:Survival, treatment modalities, late effects and improvements over time

2021

Since the 1960s, paediatric oncologists have gradually become better organised in large study groups and participation in clinical trials is today considered as the standard of care, with most children with cancer in Europe and North America being enrolled on available treatment protocols. Chemotherapy is nowadays the main element of therapy, but irradiation is still required for some patients. With the advent of multimodality therapy and supportive care, five-year cancer survival exceeds 80 % in most European and North American countries today. The substantial improvements in survival led to a constantly growing population of childhood cancer survivors. Concerns regarding the risk of late …

Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Hyperthermia Mediates Drug Delivery and Impairs the Tumorigenic Capacity of Quiescent Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells

2021

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the tumor cell subpopulation responsible for resistance to chemotherapy, tumor recurrence, and metastasis. An efficient therapy must act on low proliferating quiescent-CSCs (q-CSCs). We here investigate the effect of magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) in combination with local chemotherapy as a dual therapy to inhibit patient-derived colorectal qCR-CSCs. We apply iron oxide nanocubes as MHT heat mediators, coated with a thermoresponsive polymer (TR-Cubes) and loaded with DOXO (TR-DOXO) as a chemotherapeutic agent. The thermoresponsive polymer releases DOXO only at a temperature above 44 °C. In colony-forming assays, the cells exposed to TR-Cubes with MHT reveal that qC…

Inspiratory Muscle Training and Functional Electrical Stimulation for Treatment of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: The TRAINING-HF Tr…

2019

Introduction and objectives: Despite the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), there is currently no evidence-based effective therapy for this disease. This study sought to evaluate whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT), functional electrical stimulation (FES), or a combination of both (IMT + FES) improves 12- and 24-week exercise capacity as well as left ventricular diastolic function, biomarker profile, and quality of life in HFpEF. Methods: A total of 61 stable symptomatic patients (New York Heart Association II-III) with HFpEF were randomized (1:1:1:1) to receive a 12-week program of IMT, FES, or IMT + FES vs usual care. The primary endpoint of the st…

Long-term outcomes in stage IIIB breast cancer patients who achieved less than a pathological complete response (pCR) after primary chemotherapy.

2009

Abstract Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Summarize the main risk factors for relapse in patients with T4 breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Evaluate the role of hormone receptors and HER-2 as determinants of risk of relapse after neoadjuvant treatment.Compare the difference in outcomes between patients who achieve less than pCR in relation to receptor status. This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com. Purpose. Pathological complete response (pCR) to primary chemotherapy is the main determinant for improved disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The primary endpoints of ou…