Search results for "Models"

showing 10 items of 8211 documents

Visual information flow in Wilson-Cowan networks.

2020

In this paper, we study the communication efficiency of a psychophysically tuned cascade of Wilson-Cowan and divisive normalization layers that simulate the retina-V1 pathway. This is the first analysis of Wilson-Cowan networks in terms of multivariate total correlation. The parameters of the cortical model have been derived through the relation between the steady state of the Wilson-Cowan model and the divisive normalization model. The communication efficiency has been analyzed in two ways: First, we provide an analytical expression for the reduction of the total correlation among the responses of a V1-like population after the application of the Wilson-Cowan interaction. Second, we empiri…

Normalization (statistics)PhysiologyComputer scienceComputationPopulationModels Biological050105 experimental psychologyRetina03 medical and health sciencesWilson–Cowan equations0302 clinical medicineMulti-informationtotal correlationHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesVisual PathwaysEfficient coding hypothesisEfficient representation principleeducationVisual Cortexeducation.field_of_studyNormalization modelGeneral Neuroscience05 social sciencesUnivariateFOS: Biological sciencesQuantitative Biology - Neurons and CognitionDivisive normalizationVisual PerceptionNeurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)Total correlationNeural Networks ComputerNerve NetAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryImage compressionJournal of neurophysiology
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The

2016

ABSTRACT Members of the Junctophilin (JPH) protein family have emerged as key actors in all excitable cells, with crucial implications for human pathophysiology. In mammals, this family consists of four members (JPH1-JPH4) that are differentially expressed throughout excitable cells. The analysis of knockout mice lacking JPH subtypes has demonstrated their essential contribution to physiological functions in skeletal and cardiac muscles and in neurons. Moreover, mutations in the human JPH2 gene are associated with hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies; mutations in JPH3 are responsible for the neurodegenerative Huntington's disease-like-2 (HDL2), whereas JPH1 acts as a genetic modifier …

NotchGenotypeCardiomyopathyGenes InsectAnimals Genetically ModifiedAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsAllelesMammalsNeuronsHuntingtin ProteinReceptors NotchMusclesMyocardiumMembrane ProteinsReproducibility of ResultsDrosHuntington's diseaseDisease Models AnimalDrosophila melanogasterPhenotypeGene Knockdown TechniquesMutationNerve DegenerationPhotoreceptor Cells InvertebrateRNA InterferenceJunctophilinDrosophilaTrinucleotide Repeat ExpansionSignal TransductionResearch ArticleDisease modelsmechanisms
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A novel technique to follow fast PaO2 variations during experimental CPR

2003

An ultrafast responding fluorescent-quenching PO2 probe allows time-resolved, in vivo measurement of PO2. This study describes several validation experiments of this new device in vitro, and reports its first use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in an animal model of cardiac arrest.The influence of CO2, temperature and motion artefacts on the signal response of the PO2 probe was analysed in vitro by systematic variation of these values. Thereafter, with approval of the Review Board for the care and use of animals, CPR was performed in four pigs. The PaO2 course was recorded continuously at time resolution of80 ms in the abdominal aorta using an uncoated fluorescence-quenching probe (Fox…

Novel techniquemedicine.medical_specialtySwineDefibrillationPartial Pressuremedicine.medical_treatmentEmergency NursingSignalAnimal modelIn vivoIntensive caremedicineAnimalsFiber Optic TechnologyCardiopulmonary resuscitationFluorescent Dyesbusiness.industryTemperatureTime resolutionEquipment DesignCarbon DioxideCardiopulmonary ResuscitationHeart ArrestSurgeryOxygenDisease Models AnimalEmergency MedicineArtifactsCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBiomedical engineering
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Spectroscopy of low-spin states in $^{157}\mathrm{Dy}$: Search for evidence of enhanced octupole correlations

2019

Low-spin states of 157Dy have been studied using the JUROGAM II array, following the 155Gd ({\alpha}, 2n) reaction at a beam energy of 25 MeV. The level scheme of 157Dy has been expanded with four new bands. Rotational structures built on the [523]5/2- and [402]3/2+ neutron orbitals constitute new additions to the level scheme as do many of the inter- and intra-band transitions. This manuscript also reports the observation of cross I- to (I-1)- and I- to (I-1)+ E1 dipole transitions inter-linking structures built on the [523]5/2- (band 5) and [402]3/2+ (band 7) neutron orbitals. These interlacing band structures are interpreted as the bands of parity doublets with simplex quantum number s =…

Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)Nuclear Theorynuclear spin and parityshell modelFOS: Physical sciencescollective levelscollective modelsNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]ydinfysiikkaNuclear Structurenuclear structure and decaysNuclear Experiment
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Exploring the applicability of dissipative fluid dynamics to small systems by comparison to the Boltzmann equation

2018

[Background] Experimental data from heavy-ion experiments at RHIC-BNL and LHC-CERN are quantitatively described using relativistic fluid dynamics. Even p+A and p+p collisions show signs of collective behavior describable in the same manner. Nevertheless, small system sizes and large gradients strain the limits of applicability of fluid-dynamical methods. [Purpose] The range of applicability of fluid dynamics for the description of the collective behavior, and in particular of the elliptic flow, of small systems needs to be explored. [Method] Results of relativistic fluid-dynamical simulations are compared with solutions of the Boltzmann equation in a longitudinally boost-invariant picture. …

Nuclear TheoryFLOWMODELSFOS: Physical sciencesHEAVY-ION COLLISIONShiukkasfysiikka01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesPhysics::Fluid DynamicsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)symbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)0103 physical sciencesFluid dynamicsInitial value problemTensor010306 general physicsRELATIVISTIC FLUIDSKINETIC-THEORYPhysicscollective flowta114010308 nuclear & particles physicsElliptic flowReynolds number16. Peace & justiceBoltzmann equationFREEZE-OUTHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyClassical mechanicssymbolsDissipative systemKnudsen numberhydrodynamic modelsrelativistic heavy-ion collisions
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Diquark correlations in hadron physics: Origin, impact and evidence

2020

The last decade has seen a marked shift in how the internal structure of hadrons is understood. Modern experimental facilities, new theoretical techniques for the continuum bound-state problem and progress with lattice-regularised QCD have provided strong indications that soft quark+quark (diquark) correlations play a crucial role in hadron physics. For example, theory indicates that the appearance of such correlations is a necessary consequence of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, viz. a corollary of emergent hadronic mass that is responsible for almost all visible mass in the universe; experiment has uncovered signals for such correlations in the flavour-separation of the proton's elect…

Nuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHadronNuclear Theoryhiukkasfysiikka01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentBroad spectrumHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Hadron physics[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)Nuclear ExperimentQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsDiquark correlationsBaryon spectra and structureHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)symmetry breaking: chiralDyson-Schwinger equationsDiquarkbound statediquark: correlationHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyQuark modelsChiral symmetry breakingPhenomenology (particle physics)QuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physics[PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th]FOS: Physical sciences[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]diquark correlationsNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - Latticehadron physics0103 physical sciencesquantum chromodynamics010306 general physicsBaryon spectra and structure; Diquark correlations; Dyson-Schwinger equations; Lattice quantum chromodynamics; Quantum chromodynamics; Quark modelskvarkit010308 nuclear & particles physics[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]hadron spectroscopyHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyLattice quantum chromodynamicsform factor: electromagnetic[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]High Energy Physics::Experiment
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Neutrinoless ββ nuclear matrix elements using isovector spin-dipole Jπ = 2− data

2018

Ground-state-to-ground-state neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decays in nuclei of current experimental interest are revisited. In order to improve the reliability of the nuclear matrix element (NME) calculations for the light Majorana-neutrino mode, the NMEs are calculated by exploiting the newly available data on isovector spin-dipole (IVSD) Jπ=2− giant resonances. In order to correctly describe the IVSD up to and beyond the giant-resonance region, the present computations are performed in extended no-core single-particle model spaces using the spherical version of the proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation (pnQRPA) with two-nucleon interactions based on the Bonn one-boson-…

Nuclear Theorycollective modelscharge-exchange reactionsNuclear Experimentydinfysiikkaneutrinoless double beta decay
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Isovector spin-multipole strength distributions in double-β-decay triplets

2017

In this work the energetics and strength distributions of isovector spin-dipole and spin-quadrupole transitions from the ground states of the pairs (76Ge, 76Se), (82Se, 82Kr), (96Zr, 96Mo), (100Mo, 100Ru), (116Cd, 116Sn), (128Te, 128Xe), (130Te, 130Xe), and (136Xe, 136Ba), of double-β-decay initial and final nuclei, to the Jπ=0−,1−,2−,1+,2+, and 3+ excited states of the intermediate odd-odd nuclei 76As, 82Br, 96Nb, 100Tc, 116In, 128,130I, and 136Cs are investigated. The calculations are performed using a proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation (pnQRPA) theory framework with the Bonn-A two-body interaction in no-core single-particle valence spaces. peerReviewed

Nuclear Theorydouble beta decaycharge-exchange reactionscollective models
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Searching for hidden sectors in multiparticle production at the LHC

2016

Most signatures of new physics in colliders have been studied so far on the transverse plane with respect to the beam direction. In this work however we study the impact of a hidden sector beyond the Standard Model (SM) on inclusive (pseudo)rapidity correlations and moments of the multiplicity distributions, with special emphasis in the LHC results.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsFactorialParticle physicsPhysics beyond the Standard ModelMultihadron correlationsFOS: Physical sciencesFactorial and cumulant moments01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)pp interactions at LHC0103 physical sciencesProduction (economics)RapidityStatistical physics010306 general physicsCumulantParticle Physics - PhenomenologyPhysicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsFísicaMultiplicity (mathematics)Hidden Valley modelslcsh:QC1-999Hidden sectorHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyTransverse planeMoment (physics)Beam directionPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsModels beyond the Standard Modellcsh:PhysicsNuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings
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Simplified models for resonant neutral scalar production with missing transverse energy final states

2022

Journal of high energy physics 11(11), 042 (2022). doi:10.1007/JHEP11(2022)042

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsHiggs particle: decaytransverse energy: missing-energyOther Weak Scale BSM ModelsHiggs particle: heavyFísicaFOS: Physical sciencesdecay [Higgs particle]Monte Carlo [numerical calculations]530High Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)heavy [Higgs particle]High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)missing-energy [transverse energy]topological [model]ddc:530model: topologicalnumerical calculations: Monte CarloMulti-Higgs ModelsSpecific BSM Phenomenology
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