Search results for "Modula"

showing 10 items of 1481 documents

Time-multiplexed chromatic-controlled axial diffractive optical elements

2010

Programmable diffractive optical elements DOEs with axial response have many interesting applications, including diffractive lenses, axicons, and optical tweezers. In all these cases, it is essential to properly select the modulation configuration of the spatial light modulator SLM where the DOE is displayed, in order to avoid the undiffracted zero order component that appears on axis and overlaps the desired axial response. However, in general, the chromatic dispersion in liquid crystal SLMs prevents the cancellation of the zero order for a broadband light source, thus limiting the possibilities for polychromatic program- mable axial DOEs. We operate a ferroelectric liquid crystal on silic…

PhysicsSpatial light modulatorbusiness.industryFourier opticsGeneral EngineeringPhysics::OpticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsLiquid crystal on siliconOpticsOptical tweezersDispersion (optics)OptoelectronicsChromatic scalebusinessPhase modulationDiffraction gratingOptical Engineering
researchProduct

On the radio emitting high mass X-ray binary LS 5039

2001

We present new optical - near-IR spectroscopic and photometric observations of the newly discovered galactic microquasar LS 5039, which indicate a classification for the mass donor in the system of O6.5V((f)). Optical spectroscopy and photometry shows no variability over a timescale of years, and we find no evidence of modulation by, or emission from the compact companion in these data. However significant photometric variability (~0.4 mag) is present in the H and K bands between 1995-2000. Such variability has been observed in other radio bright X-ray binaries where it has been attributed to synchrotron emission from the jet. However, given the non-thermal spectral index of the radio emiss…

PhysicsSpectral indexAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsPhotometry (optics)WavelengthOrders of magnitude (time)Space and Planetary ScienceModulationMagnitude (astronomy)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsSpectroscopyAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
researchProduct

Quantum resonant activation

2017

Quantum resonant activation is investigated for the archetype setup of an externally driven two-state (spin-boson) system subjected to strong dissipation by means of both analytical and extensive numerical calculations. The phenomenon of resonant activation emerges in the presence of either randomly fluctuating or deterministic periodically varying driving fields. Addressing the incoherent regime, a characteristic minimum emerges in the mean first passage time to reach an absorbing neighboring state whenever the intrinsic time scale of the modulation matches the characteristic time scale of the system dynamics. For the case of deterministic periodic driving, the first passage time probabili…

PhysicsStatistics and ProbabilityQuantum PhysicsScale (ratio)FOS: Physical sciencesProbability density functionDissipationCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmasSystem dynamicsCritical frequencyControl theory0103 physical sciencesModulation (music)Statistical physicsFirst-hitting-time model010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QuantumStatistical and Nonlinear Physics; Statistics and Probability; Condensed Matter PhysicsStatistical and Nonlinear Physic
researchProduct

Atomic-resolution imaging of the polar (0001¯) surface of LiNbO3in aqueous solution by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy

2012

S. Rode,1 R. Holscher,2 S. Sanna,2 S. Klassen,1 K. Kobayashi,3 H. Yamada,3 W. G. Schmidt,2 and A. Kuhnle1,* 1Institut fur Physikalische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany 2Lehrstuhl fur Theoretische Physik, Universitat Paderborn, 33095 Paderborn, Germany 3Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan (Received 31 March 2012; revised manuscript received 12 June 2012; published 29 August 2012)

PhysicsSurface (mathematics)Aqueous solutionAtomic force microscopybusiness.industryScience and engineeringCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsAtomic resolutionPolarAtomic physicsbusinessFrequency modulationPhysical Review B
researchProduct

To the theory of high-power gyrotrons with uptapered resonators

2010

In high-power gyrotrons it is desirable to combine an optimal resonator length with the optimal value of the resonator quality factor. In resonators with the constant radius of the central part, the possibilities of this combination are limited because the quality factor of the resonator sharply increases with its length. Therefore the attempts to increase the length for maximizing the efficiency leads to such increase in the quality factor which makes the optimal current too small. Resonators with slightly uptapered profiles offer more flexibility in this regard. In such resonators, one can separate optimization of the interaction length from optimization of the quality factor because the …

PhysicsTerahertz radiationbusiness.industryElectromagnetic spectrumRadiusCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionPower (physics)ResonatorElectricity generationNuclear magnetic resonanceOpticsQuality (physics)ModulationlawQ factorGyrotronOptoelectronicsPower modulationbusinessDimensionless quantityPhysics of Plasmas
researchProduct

Stability of gyrotron operation in very high-order modes

2012

This study was motivated by the desire to increase the power, which can be delivered by gyrotrons in long pulse and continuous regimes. Since the admissible power level is determined by the density of ohmic losses in resonator walls, to increase the radiated power a gyrotron should operate in higher order modes. Using an existing gyrotron developed for plasma experiments in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor as a base model, the stability of operation of such a gyrotron in modes with larger number of radial variations was studied. It is shown that the power level achievable in such gyrotrons in stable single mode regimes is close to 1.5 MW. The power level 1.7–1.8 MW can b…

PhysicsThermonuclear fusionTerahertz radiationAmplifierSingle-mode optical fiberMechanicsPlasmaEffective radiated powerCondensed Matter PhysicsPlasma oscillationStability (probability)Power (physics)Computational physicslaw.inventionAmplitude modulationResonatorNuclear magnetic resonanceControl theoryPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawGyrotronHigh orderOhmic contactNumerical stabilityPhysics of Plasmas
researchProduct

Red-green flicker resolution as a function of heterochromatic luminous modulation.

1993

Critical fusion frequencies have been evaluated in heterochromatic red-green flicker as a function of red-green luminous modulation defined by mL = (R-G)/(R+G)%, at five different mean luminance levels, two test sizes (2 degrees and 5 degrees) and square wave stimuli. The extreme values mL = +/- 100 correspond to ordinary light-dark flicker (red or green); mL = 0 corresponds to pure chromatic flicker, and any other values correspond to simultaneous luminous and chromatic flicker. To implement the stimuli we have developed a new stimuli generator (AVICO, colour vision analyser) using bicolour LEDs as the light source and electronic control of the luminances and frequencies. The results for a…

PhysicsTime Factorsbusiness.industryFlickerFlicker fusion thresholdSquare waveLuminanceSensory Systemslaw.inventionFlicker FusionOphthalmologyOpticslawSpectrophotometryModulation (music)HumansChromatic scaleChromaticitybusinessColor PerceptionOptometryLight-emitting diodeOphthalmicphysiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
researchProduct

SU-E-T-343: Valencia Applicator Commissioning Using a Micro-Chamber Array

2014

Purpose: In the commissioning and QA of surface isotope-based applicators, source-indexer distance (SID) has a great influence in the flatness, symmetry and output. To these purposes, methods described in the literature are the use of a special insert at the entrance of dwell chamber or radiochromic films. Here we present the experience with a micro-chamber array to perform the commissioning and QA of Valencia applicators. Methods: Valencia applicators have been used, the classic and the new extra-shielded version. A micro-chamber array has been employed, 1000 SRS (PTW), with 977 liquid filled, 2.3×2.3×0.5 mm3 sized ion chambers covering 11×11 cm2, which spacing is 2.5 mm in the central 5.5…

PhysicsTime delay and integrationbiologybusiness.industryFlatness (systems theory)General MedicineIntensity-modulated radiation therapybiology.organism_classificationOpticsIonization chamberStandard protocolPatient dosebusinessNuclear medicineValenciaMedical Physics
researchProduct

Performances of a three-phase five-level cascaded H-bridge inverter with phase shifted B-spline based modulation techniques

2017

This paper presents a novel study of the performances of a five-level three-phase Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter with Phase Shifted B-Spline based modulation techniques. The study has been focused on the use of B-Spline functions as carrier signals in order to evaluate the performances of the converter in terms of harmonic content on the output voltage. In the first step of this analysis the THD% has been taken into account to compare the voltage waveforms. Interesting results have been found on the fundamental amplitude of the phase and line voltage. Moreover, harmonic spectra has been compared to evaluate the different harmonic distribution in the voltage waveforms. In this work th…

PhysicsTotal harmonic distortionRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentB-spline function020209 energy020208 electrical & electronic engineeringPhase (waves)Energy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyMulticarrier modulation techniqueSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciTopologyThree-phaseModulation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringHarmonicMultilevel power converterWaveformHarmonic distributionVoltage
researchProduct

Harmonic reduction in CHB 13-level inverters by PAM fundamental-frequency strategy

2019

In this paper cascaded H-bridges (CHB) 13-level inverters are considered and a particular pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) strategy is introduced to mitigate or eliminate many harmonic components on the output voltage, in order to obtain low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) factor. This procedure defines different dc voltage sources and sets of six switching angles, depending on an integer parameter $q$ belonging to the close interval $I=[11, 15]$ . The obtained THD doesn't depend on modulation index $m$ . The control of $m$ is made by changing the dc voltage sources that depend linearly on m, while the switching angles remain constant. An investigation about the role of the $q$ parameter on…

PhysicsTotal harmonic distortionTotal Harmonic Distortion (THD)Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)Modulation indexGrid CodesFundamental frequencySettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciTopologySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaPulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM); Selective Harmonic Mitigation (SHM); Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE); Total Harmonic Distortion (THD); Grid CodesSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaSelective Harmonic Mitigation (SHM)Pulse-amplitude modulationGrid CodeHarmonicsHarmonicInverterVoltageSelective Harmonic Elimination (SHE)
researchProduct