Search results for "Mollusca"

showing 10 items of 125 documents

Conformational changes in acetylcholine binding protein investigated by temperature accelerated molecular dynamics.

2014

Despite the large number of studies available on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, a complete account of the mechanistic aspects of their gating transition in response to ligand binding still remains elusive. As a first step toward dissecting the transition mechanism by accelerated sampling techniques, we study the ligand-induced conformational changes of the acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP), a widely accepted model for the full receptor extracellular domain. Using unbiased Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Temperature Accelerated Molecular Dynamics (TAMD) simulations we investigate the AChBP transition between the apo and the agonist-bound state. In long standard MD simulations, both confo…

Nicotinic Acetylcholine ReceptorsProtein ConformationGatingMolecular DynamicsLigandsBiochemistryBiophysics SimulationsIon ChannelsMolecular dynamicsAcetylcholine bindingComputational ChemistryBiochemical SimulationsNicotinic AgonistsBiomacromolecule-Ligand InteractionsBiochemistry SimulationsMultidisciplinaryHydrogen bondChemistryPhysicsQTemperatureRLigand (biochemistry)nicotinic receptor molecular dynamics tamd acethylcholine binding proteinChemistryNicotinic agonistBiochemistryMedicineBiophysic Al SimulationsResearch ArticleProtein BindingProtein subunitScienceBiophysicsMolecular Dynamics SimulationProtein ChemistryStatistical MechanicsChemical BiologyAnimalsBiologyAcetylcholine receptorBinding SitesProteinsComputational BiologyHydrogen BondingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Protein SubunitsMolluscaAcetylcholine ReceptorsBiophysicsLobelineCarrier ProteinsPLoS ONE
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and shell mineralogy, microstructure, and mechanical strength of four Mediterranean gastropod species near a CO2 seep

2017

Marine CO2 seeps allow the study of the long-term effects of elevated pCO2 (ocean acidification) on marine invertebrate biomineralization. We investigated the effects of ocean acidification on shell composition and structure in four ecologically important species of Mediterranean gastropods (two limpets, a top-shell snail, and a whelk). Individuals were sampled from three sites near a volcanic CO2 seep off Vulcano Island, Italy. The three sites represented ambient (8.15 pH), moderate (8.03 pH) and low (7.73 pH) seawater mean pH. Shell mineralogy, microstructure, and mechanical strength were examined in all four species. We found that the calcite/aragonite ratio could vary and increased sign…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)IdentificationRegistration number of speciesSalinityTemperateinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errorPatella caeruleatotalCO2 ventpHCalciteTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorEarth System ResearchField observationUniform resource locator link to referencePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateLengthLocationPotentiometricwaterGrowth MorphologyHexaplex trunculusAlkalinity total standard errorBenthosUniform resource locator/link to referenceOsilinus turbinatusOther studied parameter or processMediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaBicarbonate ionTypeTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)ForceSpeciespH standard errorCalculated using CO2SYSCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonElasticityTreatmentAragonite saturation state standard errorPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airAragoniteCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airPatella rusticaToughnessCoast and continental shelf
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Physiological advantages of dwarfing in surviving extinctions in high-CO2 oceans

2015

Excessive CO2 in the present-day ocean-atmosphere system is causing ocean acidification, and is likely to cause a severe biodiversity decline in the future, mirroring effects in many past mass extinctions. Fossil records demonstrate that organisms surviving such events were often smaller than those before, a phenomenon called the Lilliput effect. Here, we show that two gastropod species adapted to acidified seawater at shallow-water CO2 seeps were smaller than those found in normal pH conditions and had higher mass-specific energy consumption but significantly lower whole-animal metabolic energy demand. These physiological changes allowed the animals to maintain calcification and to partial…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)IdentificationSalinityTemperateBicarbonate ion standard deviationBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)Alkalinity total standard deviationinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedWidthCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalCO2 ventpHRespirationCalcification rate of calcium carbonateTemperatureMonthdissolvedCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Temperature water standard deviationRespiration rateEarth System ResearchField observationstandard deviationThicknessCalcification/DissolutionPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statePotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteGrowth MorphologyFigureAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosMediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCCalcite saturation state standard deviationAnimaliaBicarbonate ionLONGITUDECalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCyclope neriteaBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSHeightPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonHeight/width ratioTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesCalcification DissolutionLATITUDEHeight width ratioBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfNassarius corniculusoxygenTable
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Insights fromsodium into the impacts of elevated pCO2 and temperature on bivalve shell formation

2017

Ocean acidification and warming are predicted to affect the ability of marine bivalves to build their shells, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Shell formation is an extremely complex process requiring a detailed understanding of biomineralization processes. Sodium incorporation into the shells would increase if bivalves rely on the exchange of Na+/H+ to maintain homeostasis for shell formation, thereby shedding new light on the acid-base and ionic regulation at the calcifying front. Here, we investigated the combined effects of seawater pH (8.1, 7.7 and 7.4) and temperature (16 and 22 °C) on the growth and sodium composition of the shells of the blue mussel, Mytilus edul…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)Registration number of speciesSalinityTemperateMytilus edulisinorganicAlkalinityGrowth rate standard deviationSodium/Calcium ratioExperimentPatinopecten yessoensisTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateNorth PacificAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalSodium Calcium ratiopHTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorContainers and aquaria 20 1000 L or 1 m 2Earth System ResearchContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or &lt; 1 m**2)standard deviationUniform resource locator link to referenceCalcification/DissolutionPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statewaterGrowth MorphologyContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2)Alkalinity total standard errorBenthosUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaBicarbonate ionTypeTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorGrowth rateCalculated using CO2SYSEvent labelCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesCalcification DissolutionBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelf
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Sodium provides unique insights into transgenerational effects of ocean acidification on bivalve shell formation

2016

Ocean acidification is likely to have profound impacts on marine bivalves, especially on their early life stages. Therefore, it is imperative to know whether and to what extent bivalves will be able to acclimate or adapt to an acidifying ocean over multiple generations. Here, we show that reduced seawater pH projected for the end of this century (i.e., pH 7.7) led to a significant decrease of shell production of newly settled juvenile Manila clams, Ruditapes philippinarum. However, juveniles from parents exposed to low pH grew significantly faster than those from parents grown at ambient pH, exhibiting a rapid transgenerational acclimation to an acidic environment. The sodium composition of…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)Registration number of speciesSalinityTemperateinorganicAlkalinitySodium/Calcium ratioExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedRuditapes philippinarumCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateNorth PacificAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalSodium Calcium ratiopHTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedAcid base regulationCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorContainers and aquaria 20 1000 L or 1 m 2Earth System ResearchContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or &lt; 1 m**2)Uniform resource locator link to referenceCalcite saturation statewaterGrowth MorphologyContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2)Alkalinity total standard errorBenthosUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaBicarbonate ionTypeTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorGrowth rateCarbonate system computation flagAcid-base regulationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentAragonite saturation state standard errorPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSample IDMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelf
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Ocean acidification impairs vermetid reef recruitment

2014

Vermetids form reefs in sub-tropical and warm-temperate waters that protect coasts from erosion, regulate sediment transport and accumulation, serve as carbon sinks and provide habitat for other species. The gastropods that form these reefs brood encapsulated larvae; they are threatened by rapid environmental changes since their ability to disperse is very limited. We used transplant experiments along a natural CO2 gradient to assess ocean acidification effects on the reef-building gastropod Dendropoma petraeum. We found that although D. petraeum were able to reproduce and brood at elevated levels of CO2, recruitment success was adversely affected. Long-term exposure to acidified conditions…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)SalinityTemperateSurvivalAbundance per areainorganicAlkalinityIncubation durationExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedNeogoniolithon brassica-floridaCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalCO2 ventMortality SurvivalpHReproductionTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errorStrontium/Calcium ratiodissolvedMagnesium/Calcium ratioCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentstandard errorEarth System ResearchRecruitmentMortality/SurvivalFOS: Medical biotechnologygeographic locationsPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCoveragePotentiometricwaterSiteGrowth MorphologyFigureAlkalinity total standard errorBenthosReplicateMediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaBicarbonate ionNeogoniolithon brassica floridaLONGITUDETemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorCalculated using CO2SYSfungiCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonAragonite saturation state standard errorPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesLATITUDEBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airMagnesium Calcium ratioCoast and continental shelfDendropoma petraeumStrontium Calcium ratio
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and growth, physiological performance of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum

2018

Ocean acidification may interfere with the calcifying physiology of marine bivalves. Therefore, understanding their capacity for acclimation and adaption to low pH over multiple generations is crucial to make predictions about the fate of this economically and ecologically important fauna in an acidifying ocean. Transgenerational exposure to an acidification scenario projected by the end of the century (i.e., pH 7.7) has been shown to confer resilience to juvenile offspring of the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. However, whether, and to what extent, this resilience can persist into adulthood are unknown and the mechanisms driving transgenerational acclimation remain poorly understood.…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesCondition indexSalinityBicarbonate ion standard deviationinorganicAlkalinity total standard deviationAlkalinityCalculated using seacarb after Orr et al. (2018)Growth rate standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide in seawater standard deviationExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedRuditapes philippinarumCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010PercentageAragonite saturation stateNorth PacificAlkalinity totalδ13C dissolved inorganic carbon standard deviationtotalpHRespirationTemperaturedissolvedLaboratory experimentCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Carbon dioxide standard deviationTemperature water standard deviationContainers and aquaria 20 1000 L or 1 m 2δ13C dissolved inorganic carbonEarth System Researchδ13CContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or &lt; 1 m**2)Metabolic rate of oxygen standard deviationstandard deviationUniform resource locator link to referenceCalcite saturation stateFugacity of carbon dioxide in seawaterwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideGrowth MorphologyContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2)Aragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosUniform resource locator/link to referenceOther studied parameter or processSalinity standard deviationOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaCarbon inorganic dissolved standard deviationCalcite saturation state standard deviationTypeBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesGrowth rateCondition index standard deviationPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationMetabolic rate of oxygenCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationdissolved inorganic carbonCalculated using seacarb after Orr et al 2018Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBenthic animalsδ13C standard deviationCoast and continental shelf
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and carbon sources of mussel shell carbonate

2018

Ocean acidification and warming is widely reported to affect the ability of marine bivalves to calcify, but little is known about the underlying mechanisms. In particular, the response of their calcifying fluid carbonate chemistry to changing seawater carbonate chemistry remains poorly understood. The present study deciphers sources of the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the calcifying fluid of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) reared at two pH (8.1 and 7.7) and temperature (16 and 22 °C) levels for five weeks. Stable carbon isotopic ratios of seawater DIC, mussel soft tissues and shells were measured to determine the relative contribution of seawater DIC and metabolically generated carb…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesSalinityMytilus edulisinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedhemic and lymphatic diseasesCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010PercentageAragonite saturation stateNorth Pacificδ13C dissolved inorganic carbon standard deviationAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalpHTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedLaboratory experimentCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorContainers and aquaria 20 1000 L or 1 m 2δ13C dissolved inorganic carbonEarth System Researchδ13CContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or &lt; 1 m**2)standard deviationUniform resource locator link to referencecirculatory and respiratory physiologyCalcite saturation statewaterContainers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2)BenthosAlkalinity total standard errorUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaTypeBicarbonate ionTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorCalcite saturation state standard errorCarbonate system computation flagdissolved inorganic carbonFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBenthic animalsδ13C standard deviationBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelf
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Individual and population-level responses to ocean acidification

2016

Ocean acidification is predicted to have detrimental effects on many marine organisms and ecological processes. Despite growing evidence for direct impacts on specific species, few studies have simultaneously considered the effects of ocean acidification on individuals (e.g. consequences for energy budgets and resource partitioning) and population level demographic processes. Here we show that ocean acidification increases energetic demands on gastropods resulting in altered energy allocation, i.e. reduced shell size but increased body mass. When scaled up to the population level, long-term exposure to ocean acidification altered population demography, with evidence of a reduction in the pr…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesSalinityinorganicBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)AlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalCO2 ventpHRespirationTemperaturedissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentstandard errorCarbon inorganic dissolved standard errorRespiration rateEarth System ResearchSexUniform resource locator link to referencePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateDry masswaterSiteHexaplex trunculusBenthosAlkalinity total standard errorUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaTypeBicarbonate ionTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesWet massBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBenthic animalsBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfoxygen
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The structure of parasite component communities in brackish water fishes of the northeastern Baltic Sea

2001

We used nestedness analysis to seek non-random patterns in the structure of component communities of metazoan parasites collected from 31 sympatric fish species from the northeastern Bothnian Bay, the most oligohaline area of the Baltic Sea. Only 8 marine parasite species were found among the 63 species recorded, although some marine fish species reproduce in the bay and others occasionally visit the area. Marine parasite species can utilize both freshwater and marine fish species as intermediate or final hosts, and marine fish can harbour freshwater parasite species. This exchange of parasite species between marine and freshwater fish has probably resulted from ecological factors acting ov…

Oceans and SeasGeneralist and specialist speciesHost-Parasite InteractionsFish DiseasesCrustaceaHelminthsLeechesAnimalsParasitesSeawaterMolluscaEcosystembiologyEcologyFishesAquatic animalbiology.organism_classificationInfectious DiseasesMolluscaSympatric speciationFreshwater fishNestednessAnimal Science and ZoologyParasitologySpecies richnessHelminthiasis AnimalBayParasitology
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