Search results for "Mono"

Kupffer Cell and Monocyte-Derived Macrophage Identification by Immunofluorescence on Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Mouse Liver Sections

2020

Kupffer cells are the liver-resident macrophages and represent the first line of defense between the pathogens circulating from the intestines through the portal vein and systemic circulation. Recent works have highlighted the complex heterogeneity of macrophage functions and origins, thus raising awareness on the need for a better characterization of macrophage populations. The immunohistochemistry method here described, allows for a rapid distinction between Kupffer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages present on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse liver samples. This protocol has been optimized for its reproducibility, reliability, and simplicity.

Podoplanin expression in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma

2017

Background Podoplanin is a type I transmembrane sialomucin-like glycoprotein that is specifically expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells. Studies have shown that assessment of podoplanin expression in the epithelial cells can be used to predict the malignant transformation of potentially malignant disorders and the metastatic tendency of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of our study was to compare the expression of podoplanin in oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma with that in normal buccal mucosa by immunohistochemical methods. Material and methods Immunohistochemical expression of podoplanin was analyzed in 20 cases each of or…

Prospective risk of stillbirth and neonatal complications in twin pregnancies: systematic review and meta-analysis

2016

Twin pregnancies are at increased risk of stillbirth. Uncomplicated twin pregnancies are commonly delivered earlier to prevent stillbirth; however, there is a risk of neonatal complications associated with being born prior to 39 weeks’ gestation. The optimal gestational age for delivery in twin pregnancies is unknown and likely varies by chorionicity. The present study aimed to determine the prospective risk of stillbirth in women with uncomplicated monochorionic and dichorionic twin pregnancies, and neonatal mortality risks, when delivered beyond 34 weeks of gestation. Data on twin pregnancies that reported rates of stillbirth were obtained from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. Separ…

Postpartum listeria meningitis

2020

Highlights • Listeria monocytogenes is a rare cause of meningitis in immunocompetent patient. • Pregnancy and puerperium are accompanied by a decrease in cellular immunity. • Pregnancy and puerperium should be considered as risk factors for invasive listeriosis.

2020

Background Nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) is still a challenging diagnosis. The differential diagnosis is extensive and the success of identifying a cause depends on the thoroughness of efforts to establish a diagnosis. For the early diagnosis of NIHF, a virtual gene panel diagnostic tool was developed. The female premature baby in question was delivered via emergency cesarean at 30 + 1 weeks of gestational age (GA) due to rapidly developing NIHF to a healthy mother. The family history was noncontributory. Methods DNA of the family was extracted and sequenced by the virtual hydrops panel with whole-exome sequencing. Results The hydrops panel revealed Noonan syndrome (NS) with a germline m…

Esophageal atresia and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome in one of the naturally conceived discordant newborn twins: first report

2018

Key Clinical Message Recent studies report a high incidence of monozygotic twinning in Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome. A phenotypical discordance in monozygotic twins is rare. Twinning and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome show higher incidence in children born after assisted reproductive techniques. We report on the first observation of esophageal atresia and Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome in one of the naturally conceived discordant monozygotic twins.

Characterization of a Novel Conformational GII.4 Norovirus Epitope: Implications for Norovirus-Host Interactions

2016

ABSTRACT Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the main etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. While NoVs are highly diverse (more than 30 genotypes have been detected in humans), during the last 40 years most outbreaks and epidemics have been caused by GII.4 genotype strains, raising questions about their persistence in the population. Among other potential explanations, immune evasion is considered to be a main driver of their success. In order to study antibody recognition and evasion in detail, we analyzed a conformational epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody (3C3G3) by phage display, site-directed mutagenesis, and surface plasmon resonance. Our results show that the predi…

Curcumin at Low Doses Potentiates and at High Doses Inhibits ABT-737-Induced Platelet Apoptosis

2021

Curcumin is a natural bioactive component derived from the turmeric plant Curcuma longa, which exhibits a range of beneficial activities on human cells. Previously, an inhibitory effect of curcumin on platelets was demonstrated. However, it is unknown whether this inhibitory effect is due to platelet apoptosis or procoagulant platelet formation. In this study, curcumin did not activate caspase 3-dependent apoptosis of human platelets, but rather induced the formation of procoagulant platelets. Interestingly, curcumin at low concentration (5 µM) potentiated, and at high concentration (50 µM) inhibited ABT-737-induced platelet apoptosis, which was accompanied by inhibition of ABT-737-mediated…

Changes in the expression of α 1B -adrenoceptor in peripheral mononuclear cells correlates with blood pressure and plasmatic homocysteine

2017

Human peripheral mononuclear cells (HPMC) have been suggested as a practical surrogate for myocardial or vascular cells. Present work analyses if changes in the expression of α1-adrenoceptors (ARs) in HPMC are related to the hypertensive state and its clinical consequences. Quantitative RT-PCR was employed to evaluate the mRNA levels of the three α1-ARs (α1A, α1B, α1D) in HPMC isolated from normotensive and hypertensive patients, and also in tissues from two animal models of hypertension: spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and hypertension induced by chronic treatment with L-NAME. In patients, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure and serum biochemical profile were also recorded. We found that …

Physical mechanisms of micro- and nanodomain formation in multicomponent lipid membranes.

2016

This article summarizes a variety of physical mechanisms proposed in the literature, which can generate micro- and nanodomains in multicomponent lipid bilayers and biomembranes. It mainly focusses on lipid-driven mechanisms that do not involve direct protein-protein interactions. Specifically, it considers (i) equilibrium mechanisms based on lipid-lipid phase separation such as critical cluster formation close to critical points, and multiple domain formation in curved geometries, (ii) equilibrium mechanisms that stabilize two-dimensional microemulsions, such as the effect of linactants and the effect of curvature-composition coupling in bilayers and monolayers, and (iii) non-equilibrium me…