Search results for "Monoclonal antibody"
showing 10 items of 356 documents
Development of monoclonal antibody-based competitive immunoassays for the detection of picoxystrobin in cereal and oilseed flours
2012
Picoxystrobin is a new generation fungicide primarily developed to be used in cereal crops. In the present study a novel collection of specific monoclonal antibodies has been produced using different immunizing haptens based on a carboxy-functionalized identical spacer arm attached to alternative positions of the target pesticide molecule. Two competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been developed employing hapten heterology, one using the antibody-coated direct format and the other in the conjugate-coated indirect format. Both immunoassays have been characterized in terms of selectivity, solvent tolerance, and buffer conditions, affording similar limits of detection at or below…
Development of a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of fludioxonil residues in fruit juices
2014
Fludioxonil is a fungicide with a singular mode of action that is widely employed in the treatment of fruit crops. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) has been developed and validated for the determination of residues of this fungicide in fruit juices. A collection of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the fungicide fludioxonil has been produced and characterized using direct and indirect cELISAs. The high affinity achieved (IC50lower than 0.5 μg L-1) considerably improved that obtained with previous polyclonal antibodies. The proposed cELISA was applied to the analysis of fludioxonil residues in apple juice and red grape must samples with a limit of quantification of…
Detection of enteric adenoviruses 40 and 41 in stool specimens by monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassays
1996
To examine the role of enteric adenoviruses (Ad40 and Ad41) in children with acute gastroenteritis, we evaluated 273 children with diarrhoea and 137 without enteric symptoms in Palermo, Italy, during an 8-month period. Stools were tested by two home-made monoclonal-based ELISAs to detected genus-specific adenovirus antigen and to type Ad40 and Ad41. Twenty-five samples (6.1%) were found to contain adenovirus, 18 of which were grown in Graham 293 and in HEp-2 cells. Ad40 and Ad41 were detected in 2.6% of children with diarrhoea and in none in the control group, while non-enteric adenoviruses were obtained from both patients (3.2%) and controls (6.5%). Samples containing Ad40 and Ad41 were po…
Immunotoxicity of Therapeutic Antibodies and Nanoparticles.
2020
Therapeutic antibodies and nanotherapeutic drugs are of great concern due to their widespread use against numerous diseases worldwide. They are frequently used for targeted therapy under the assumption that they cause fewer side effects than nontargeted drugs. Despite their specificity and particular design for therapeutic actions, they might still exhibit unintended adverse effects in the immune system. Immunotoxicity reactions are mediated by immunomodulation, including immunostimulation and immunosuppression. The present review gives an overview on the adverse immunotoxic effects induced by therapeutic antibodies as well as nanotherapeutic drugs. In this context, future methods combining…
Monoclonal antibodies with subnanomolar affinity to tenofovir for monitoring adherence to antiretroviral therapies: from hapten synthesis to prototyp…
2020
Approximately 32 million people have died of HIV infection since the beginning of the outbreak, and 38 million are currently infected. Among strategies adopted by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS to end the AIDS global epidemic, the treatment, diagnosis, and viral suppression of the infected subjects are considered crucial for HIV prevention and transmission. Although several antiretroviral (ARV) drugs are successfully used to manage HIV infection, their efficacy strictly relies on perfect adherence to the therapy, which is seldom achieved. Patient supervision, especially in HIV-endemic, low-resource settings, requires rapid, easy-to-use, and affordable analytical tools, such …
Assessing the risk to health care staff from long-term exposure to anticancer drugs--the case of monoclonal antibodies.
2010
Today the occupational health and safety risk involved when handling most anticancer drugs is well recognized and, as a result of regulatory requirements, safety measures have been established. There is little knowledge about the occupational hazard posed by handling monoclonal antibodies assigned to ATC Class L01XC. The aim of our study was to evaluate the occupational risk of monoclonal antibodies. Using the information obtained in a systematic review of the literature, the potentially dangerous properties of the active drug substances were assessed using a specially devised algorithm. As a result, all monoclonal antibodies in question were categorized as substances with developmental to…
Patients Withdrawing Dupilumab Monotherapy for COVID-19-Related Reasons Showed Similar Disease Course Compared With Patients Continuing Dupilumab The…
2022
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Characterization of murine monoclonal antibodies against the Ro52 autoantigen
1997
SUMMARY Immunization of BALB/c mice with purified recombinant human Ro52 protein resulted in three anti-Ro52 MoAbs termed 2E7, 4C6 and 4F11. All anti-Ro52 MoAbs specifically reacted with recombinant human Ro52 protein, and also with Ro52 protein in total extracts of all human cell lines analysed, including the epithelial cell line HeLa, the B cell line Raji, the bladder carcinoma cell line RT112, and a fibroblast cell line derived from patients with xeroderma pigmentosum. The anti-Ro52 MoAbs were able to immunoprecipitate the recombinant human Ro52 protein expressed in wheat germ extract, but failed to precipitate hY RNAs from cell extracts. The staining pattern of the MoAbs strongly differ…
Expression Profile of Endoglin in Different Grades of Endometrial Cancer
2019
Background Endoglin is a marker of active, proliferating endothelial cells of blood vessels. In many cancers, it is present in both peripheral vessels and vessels located inside the tumor. Endoglin is more specific and sensitive compared to other tumor angiogenesis markers. It is suggested that endoglin can be considered a reliable marker of disease outcome. Objective The aim of the study was to assess the expression of endoglin and to determine its potential usefulness as a complementary molecular marker of endometrial cancer. Method The study included 60 women who underwent hysterectomy: 45 with endometrioid endometrial cancer (study group) and 15 without neoplastic changes (control group…
A rapid rosetting method for separation of hemocyte sub-populations of Drosophila melanogaster.
2003
Hemocytes, cellular elements of the innate immune system in insects, play a crucial role in the cellular and humoral immune response. Although a significant amount of information has been collected on their differentiation and function, our understanding of hemocyte development is far from complete. Their characterisation is mostly based on morphological criteria. However, molecular markers were recently identified, defining functional subsets by the aid of monoclonal antibodies. Isolated subsets of hemocytes, in sufficient quantity and purity could help to analyse their development in vitro and also to further define their molecular characteristics. Here we describe an antibody-based roset…