Search results for "Monoclonal antibody"
showing 10 items of 356 documents
Optical biosensor-based characterization of anti-double-stranded DNA monoclonal antibodies as possible new standards for laboratory tests.
2009
The serum determination of circulating anti-double-stranded (ds)DNA autoantibodies is a routine measure for the laboratory diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus. Since available assays differ substantially and no feasible calibrator is available, the aim of this study was to evaluate a recently introduced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor chip for binding studies between dsDNA and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies and to demonstrate its usefulness for the characterization of new monoclonal antibody (mAb) standards and standardization of assays. We characterized two human and one murine monoclonal anti-dsDNA antibodies by measuring the kinetic on- and off-rates using the biosensor and ca…
Squaric Acid-Based Radiopharmaceuticals for Tumor Imaging and Therapy.
2021
Targeting vectors bound to a chelator represent a significant fraction of radiopharmaceuticals used nowadays for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in nuclear medicine. The use of squaramides as coupling units for chelator and targeting vector helps to circumvent the disadvantages of several common coupling methods. This review gives an overview of the use of squaric acid diesters (SADE) as linking agents. It focuses on the conjugation of cyclic chelators, e.g., DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid), as well as hybrid chelators like AAZTA5 (6-pentanoic acid-6-amino-1,4-diazepine tetracetic acid) or DATA5m (6-pentanoic acid-6-amino-1,4-diazapine-triacetate) to diff…
Lymphocytes from hepatic inflammatory infiltrate kill rat hepatocytes in primary culture
1990
In the last few years it has become possible in the liver to isolate lymphocytes from inflammatory infiltrates and to culture them in vitro. Most of the lymphocyte clones obtained are CD 8 + cytotoxic cells, but interactions between these lymphocytes and hepatocytes in primary culture have not been analysed previously. In this study, cloned human T lymphocytes from liver biopsies and from the peripheral blood of patients with chronic hepatitis B or primary biliary cirrhosis, after phenotypical and functional characterization into CD 8+ or CD 4+ cytotoxic lymphocytes, were activated in an antigen-independent fashion by adding either anti CD 3 or anti CD 2/R-3 monoclonal antibodies to the cel…
Monoclonal antibody TeM 106 reacts with a tonoplast intrinsic protein of 106 kDa from Brassica oleracea L
1995
A monoclonal antibody, designated TeM 106, that recognizes an intrinsic protein from the vacuole membrane (tonoplast) of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) is described. Mice were immunized with a tonoplast fraction that had been purified from differentiating meristematic cells from the cauliflower head. Hybridomas were generated and screened by means of Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assays for differential reactivity to tonoplast over non-related proteins (bovine serum albumin). One out of 14 reactive murine clones was selected on the basis of its stability, secretory efficiency, and high affinity of the secreted antibodies. TeM 106 is an IgM which was shown by indirect immuno…
Identification and characterization of a monoclonal antibody to the membrane fatty acid binding protein
1992
A monoclonal antibody to the rat liver membrane fatty acid binding protein (MFABP) was prepared by immunizing mice with purified MFABP isolated from solubilized rat liver plasma membrane proteins by oleate-agarose affinity chromatography technique. The monoclonal antibody K15/6 identified a single 40 kDa protein in rat liver plasma membranes with pI values of 8.5, 8.8 and 9.0, which is identical to the authentic MFABP, but clearly distinct from rat mitochondrial GOT. The antibody K15/6 selectively inhibited cellular influx as well as membrane binding of fatty acids, but not of cholesterol or vitamin E. The same antibody was used in immunofluorescence, ELISA and Western blot analysis to dete…
Liver cell damage caused by monoclonal antibody against an organ-specific membrane antigen in vivo and in vitro
1987
Summary Monoclonal antibodies have been raised against different antigenic determinants of normal rabbit hepatocytes. One antibody (2D3) recognized a liver-specific 43 kDa protein displayed exclusively on the basolateral portion of the hepatocellular membrane. Purified monoclonal antibodies were injected intravenously into rabits. Following the injection of antibody 2D3, a dose-dependent increase of liver enzyme activities in sera was observed. Within 8 h, marked morphological alterations of the hepatocytes, including multiple cell necroses, could be demonstrated by light and electron microscopy. When isolated vital rabbit hepatocytes in culture were used as targets, cytotoxic effects of th…
Geranylgeranyl as well as farnesyl moiety is transferred to Ras p21 overproduced in adrenocortical cells transformed by c-Ha-rasEJ oncogene.
1997
The ras-transformed newborn rat adrenocortical (RTAC) cells were obtained by transfection with the mutated c-Ha-rasEJ oncogene. They are proliferative and tumorigenic cells characterized by expression of the c-Ha-rasEJ oncogene and overexpression of a wild-type ras oncogene. The overproduced Ras p21 was identified here as Ki-Ras p21 by western blotting using a specific anti-Ki-Ras monoclonal antibody. Radioactivity derived from [14C]mevalonolactone was strongly incorporated into Ras p21 overproduced in RTAC cells. RTAC cells pretreated with lovastatin and labeled with either [3H]geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate or [3H]farnesyl-pyrophosphate incorporated also radioactivity into Ras p21. These re…
Is cytokine expression responsible for differences between allergens and irritants?
1996
Abstract Irritant and allergic contact dermatitis are two very similar diseases, and differentiating between these two can be difficult clinically. Recently, cytokines have been identified as useful tools for differentiation. Thus, our laboratory has identified an early cytokine pattern in the induction phase of contact sensitivity that is specific for allergens and is not found after epicutaneous application of irritants or tolerogens. The upregulation of the Langerhans' cell—derived signal interleukin (IL)-1β early after allergen application especially seems to be highly specific for contact allergens. This cytokine was also found to be essential for the development of epicutaneous sensit…
Analysis of liver-specific protein LSP using murine monoclonal antibodies.
1987
. We describe twenty murine monoclonal antibodies directed against different antigenic determinants of human and rabbit liver-specific protein LSP. Among them, nine were directed against liver-specific epitopes as judged from immunohistological studies. Immunoelectronmicroscopy revealed that seven of these monoclonals recognized membrane determinants differing in staining of distinct areas of the hepatocellular surface. Eleven antibodies were directed against intracellular structures. Western blot analysis showed that the epitopes detected were displayed on either single or multiple protein bands with apparent molecular weights between 24 000 and 60 000. Further differences were observed wi…
Monoclonal antibodies against components of the classical pathway of complement.
1989
Activation of the classical pathway of complement involves several binding and enzymatic cleavage processes. Binding and enzymatic activation results in the appearance of new structures in the individual components. This report describes the different activation steps for C1q, C1r, C1s, C4 and C2 and summarizes monoclonal antibodies reported so far which recognize either conserved epitopes or activation-dependent epitopes with particular emphasis on neoepitopes occurring during the activation cascade.