Search results for "Monocytes"
showing 10 items of 286 documents
Persistence of Human Bocavirus 1 in Tonsillar Germinal Centers and Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Infection
2021
Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1), a common pediatric respiratory pathogen, can persist in airway secretions for months hampering diagnosis. It also persists in tonsils, providing potential reservoirs for airway shedding, with the exact location, host cell types, and virus activity unknown.
The STATe of the Neuron Leads to Synaptic Stripping
2018
In a recent issue of Cell, Di Liberto et al. (2018) elucidate the mechanisms involved in synaptic stripping during viral infection. Infected neurons orchestrate their own synaptic loss downstream of IFNγ signaling, ultimately attracting phagocytic monocytes into the CNS through CCL2 production.
Ni-Cr based dental alloys; Ni release, corrosion and biological evaluation.
2011
Abstract In the last years the dental alloy market has undergone dramatic changes for reasons of economy and biocompatibility. Nickel based alloys have become widely used substitute for the much more expensive precious metal alloys. In Europe the prevalence of nickel allergy is 10–15% for female adults and 1–3% for male adults. Despite the restrictions imposed by the EU for the protection of the general population in contact dermatitis, the use of Ni–Cr dental alloys is on the increase. Some questions have to be faced regarding the safety risk of nickel contained in dental alloys. We have collected based on many EU markets, 8 Ni–Cr dental alloys. Microstructure characterization, corrosion r…
Systemic Inflammatory Markers and Oncologic Outcomes in Patients with High-risk Non-muscle-invasive Urothelial Bladder Cancer
2018
Background: Serum levels of neutrophils, platelets, and lymphocytes have been recognized as factors related to poor prognosis for many solid tumors, including bladder cancer (BC). Objective: To evaluate the prognostic role of the combination of the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with high-risk non–muscle-invasive urothelial BC (NIMBC). Design, setting, and participants: A total of 1151 NMIBC patients who underwent first transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) at 13 academic institutions between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2012 were included in this analysis. The median follow-up was 48 mo.…
Validation of monocyte distribution width decisional cutoff for sepsis detection in the acute setting
2021
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Gliadin activates arginase pathway in RAW264.7 cells and in human monocytes
2014
AbstractCeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune enteropathy triggered in susceptible individuals by the ingestion of gliadin-containing grains. Recent studies have demonstrated that macrophages play a key role in the pathogenesis of CD through the release of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). Since arginine is the obliged substrate of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), the enzyme that produces large amount of NO, the aim of this work is to investigate arginine metabolic pathways in RAW264.7 murine macrophages after treatment with PT-gliadin (PTG) in the absence and in the presence of IFNγ. Our results demonstrate that, besides strengthening the IFNγ-dependent …
Crystal-phagocyte interaction in calcinosis interstitialis.
1984
Based on recent findings indicating the stimulation of the respiratory burst in human neutrophils by crystal phagocytosis, ectopic calcified nodules of a patient with calcinosis interstitialis were exposed to autologous granulocytes and monocytes in vitro. The activity of the respiratory burst was determined by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Controls included amorphous monosodium urate, microcrystalline monosodium urate, hydroxyapatite, and zymosan. Microcrystalline monosodium urate elicited a marked stimulation of both granulocytes and monocytes as did hydroxyapatite in granulocytes. Hydroxyapatite caused no stimulation of monocytes, possibly reflecting selective functional modulation…
Tenascin expression patterns and cells of monocyte lineage: relationship in human gliomas.
2000
Stromal extracellular matrix (ECM) components are thought to play an important role in regulating invasion of human gliomas. Macrophages and microglial cells may heavily influence the integrity of the extracellular compartment of gliomas, and the affected ECM may play a key role in regulating migratory activity of both tumor cells and macrophages/microglia. The aim of this investigation was to study immunohistochemically the expression patterns of four ECM components: fibronectin, laminin, collagen IV, and tenascin (TN) in human gliomas, with special attention to TN. Our main goal was to study the possible correlation between TN expression and macrophagic/microglial infiltration in gliomas.…
A novel in vitro model for the study of plaque development in atherosclerosis
2006
SummaryFor the study of atherogenesis in vitro, coculture systems have been devised, in which two or more cell types can be cultured in close contact to each other. Herein, we describe a novel in vitro model that aims at the simulation of the morphology ofa normal muscular artery allowing for the study of the initial events in atherosclerosis. Usinga modified fibrin gel as a scaffold for the coculture of endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), we generated an autologous in vitro model with a multilayer growth of SMCs (intima-like structure) covered by an endothelium. The production of extracellular matrix (ECM) could be visualized histologically and verified by (i) ascorbic-…
PKSP-dependent reduction of phagolysosome fusion and intracellular kill of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia by human monocyte-derived macrophages.
2002
Summary Previously, we described the isolation of an Aspergillus fumigatus mutant producing non-pigmented conidia, as a result of a defective polyketide synthase gene, pksP (polyketide synthase involved in pigment biosynthesis). The virulence of the pksP mutant was attenuated in a murine animal infection model and its conidia showed enhanced susceptibility towards damage by monocytes in vitro. Because macrophage-mediated killing is critical for host resistance to aspergillosis, the interaction of both grey-green wild-type conidia and white pksP mutant conidia with human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) was studied with respect to intracellular processing of ingested conidia. After phagocy…