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showing 10 items of 464 documents
A quest for initiating cells of head and neck cancer and their treatment.
2010
The biology of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and other cancers have been related to cancer stem-like cells (CSC). Specific markers, which vary considerably depending on tumor type or tissue of origin, characterize CSC. CSC are cancer initiating, sustaining and mostly quiescent. Compared to bulk tumors, CSC are less sensitive to chemo- and radiotherapy and may have low immunogenicity. Therapeutic targeting of CSC may improve clinical outcome. HNSCC has two main etiologies: human papillomavirus, a virus infecting epithelial stem cells, and tobacco and alcohol abuse. Here, current knowledge of HNSCC-CSC biology is reviewed and parallels to CSC of other origin are drawn where n…
Res utrique placuit (CB 72, str. 5a, 1). Il desiderio d’amore e la sua realizzazione nei «Carmina Burana»
2019
L’esternazione, da parte dell’io narrante, di un desiderio d’amore (o anche soltanto sensuale, erotico, passionale) è un tema che ricorre a più riprese nei «Carmina Burana», costituendo uno dei temi portanti della seconda sezione della raccolta mediolatina, quella dedicata alle poesie d’amore. Tale desiderio, espresso nelle forme e nei modi più svariati, spesso rimane allo stadio di inappagamento, onde l’innamorato, che soffre e illanguidisce per una fanciulla (secondo il consueto tópos della "maladie d’amour"), non riesce – per vari motivi, soprattutto per l’insensibilità di lei, che, con varie giustificazioni, non vuole ricambiare il suo sentimento – a coronare il proprio sogno e a farla …
Role of IP3 Receptors in Shaping the Carotid Chemoreceptor Response to Hypoxia but not to Hypercapnia in the Rat Carotid Body: An Evidence Review
2021
This article addresses the disparity in the transduction pathways for hypoxic and hypercapnic stimuli in carotid body glomus cells. We investigated and reviewed the experimental evidence showing that the response to hypoxia, but not to hypercapnia, is mediated by 1,4,5-inositol triphosphate receptors (IP3R/s) regulating the intracellular calcium content [Ca2+]c in glomus cells. The rationale was based on the past observations that inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation leads to the explicit inhibition of the hypoxic chemoreflex. [Ca2+]c changes were measured using cellular Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent probes, and carotid sinus nerve (CSN) sensory discharge was recorded with bipolar electrode…
Synthesis and biological evaluation of a D-ring-contracted analogue of lamellarin D
2017
A D-ring contracted analogue of the strongly cytotoxic marine pyrrole alkaloid lamellarin D was synthesized and investigated for its antiproliferative action towards a wild type and a multidrug resistant (MDR) cancer cell line. The compound was found to inhibit tumor cell growth at submicromolar concentrations and showed a lower relative resistance in the MDR cell line than the antitumor drug camptothecin to which lamellarin D shows cross resistance and with which lamellarin D shares the same binding site.
The translocation of signaling molecules in dark adapting mammalian rod photoreceptor cells is dependent on the cytoskeleton.
2008
In vertebrate rod photoreceptor cells, arrestin and the visual G-protein transducin move between the inner segment and outer segment in response to changes in light. This stimulus dependent translocation of signalling molecules is assumed to participate in long term light adaptation of photoreceptors. So far the cellular basis for the transport mechanisms underlying these intracellular movements remains largely elusive. Here we investigated the dependency of these movements on actin filaments and the microtubule cytoskeleton of photoreceptor cells. Co-cultures of mouse retina and retinal pigment epithelium were incubated with drugs stabilizing and destabilizing the cytoskeleton. The actin a…
Overcome Chemoresistance: Biophysical and Structural Analysis of Synthetic FHIT-Derived Peptides.
2021
The fragile histidine triad (FHIT) protein is a member of the large and ubiquitous histidine triad (HIT) family of proteins. On the basis of genetic evidence, it has been postulated that the FHIT protein may function as tumor suppressor, implying a role for the FHIT protein in carcinogenesis. Recently, Gaudio et al. reported that FHIT binds and delocalizes annexin A4 (ANXA4) from plasma membrane to cytosol in paclitaxel-resistant lung cancer cells, thus restoring their chemosensitivity to the drug. They also identified the smallest protein sequence of the FHIT still interacting with ANXA4, ranging from position 7 to 13: QHLIKPS. This short sequence of FHIT protein was not only able to bind …
Size variation and cell proliferation in chemosensory brain areas of a lizard (Podarcis hispanica): effects of sex and season
2008
Many lizards rely on chemoreception for crucial aspects of their biology, including exploration, prey and predator detection, and intraspecific communication. Here we investigate sex and seasonal variation in size and proliferative activity in chemosensory areas of the lizard brain. We captured adult Iberian wall lizards (Podarcis hispanica) of either sex in the breeding (April) and non-breeding (November) season, injected them with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and killed them 3 weeks later. We removed the brains, measured the length of the olfactory bulbs, and counted BrdU-labelled cells in the main and accessory olfactory bulbs (MOB, AOB), lateral cortex (LC) and nucleus sphericus (NS).…
Le dimore dei Chiaramonte: architettura e politica dell'immagine di una dinastia di condottieri nella Sicilia del XIV secolo
2014
I Chiaramonte, componenti principali del Parlamento Aristocratico del Regno di Sicilia, si distinguono nel novero dei tanti feudatari dell’isola del XIV secolo anche per un’attività edificatoria che, oltre alla realizzazione di chiese e complessi monastici e ad ingenti opere di fortificazione e infrastrutturali su gran parte del territorio siciliano, riguardò un formidabile ciclo di dimore e la formulazione di uno specifico “Stile Chiaramontano”, ispirato in modo programmatico alla tradizione regia siculo-normanna e sveva. Potente famiglia di nobili guerrieri, ricchi proprietari di feudi, grandi mecenati e promotori di architetture, i Chiaramonte esprimono una ben determinata politica dell'…
Dissection of the elements of osmotic stress response transcription factor Hot1 involved in the interaction with MAPK Hog1 and in the activation of t…
2013
Abstract The response to hyperosmotic stress is mediated by the HOG pathway. The MAP kinase Hog1 activates several transcription factors, regulates chromatin-modifying enzymes and, through its interaction with RNA polymerase II, it directs this enzyme to osmotic stress-controlled genes. For such targeting, this kinase requires the interaction with transcription factors Hot1 and Sko1. However, phosphorylation of these proteins by Hog1 is not required for their functionality. In this study, we aim to identify the Hot1 elements involved in Hog1-binding and in the activation of transcription. Two-hybrid experiments demonstrated that the Hot1 sequence between amino acids 340 and 534 and the CD e…