Search results for "Motility disorder"

A Transition Zone Complex Regulates Mammalian Ciliogenesis and Ciliary Membrane Composition

2011

Mutations in genes encoding ciliary components cause ciliopathies, but how many of these mutations disrupt ciliary function is unclear. We investigated Tectonic1 (Tctn1), a regulator of mouse Hedgehog signaling, and found that it is essential for ciliogenesis in some, but not all, tissues. Cell types that do not require Tctn1 for ciliogenesis require it to localize select membrane-associated proteins to the cilium, including Arl13b, AC3, Smoothened and Pkd2. Tctn1 forms a complex with multiple ciliopathy proteins associated with Meckel (MKS) and Joubert (JBTS) syndromes, including Mks1, Tmem216, Tmem67, Cep290, B9d1, Tctn2, and Cc2d2a. Components of the Tectonic ciliopathy complex colocaliz…

Binocular, Accommodative and Oculomotor Alterations In Multiple Sclerosis: A Review

2020

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an acquired demyelinating and inflammatory neurodegenerative disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Clinical and subclinical ocular disturbances occur in almost all patients with MS. The objective of this narrative review was to collect and summarize the available scientific information on oculomotor, accommodative and binocular alterations that have been reported in MS. A systematic search strategy with the following descriptors was carried out: multiple sclerosis, ocular motility disorders, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, nystagmus, vergences, fixation, pupil reflex, accommodation and stereopsis. According to the search, some oculomotor alterations w…

Primary ciliary dyskinesia assessment by means of optical flow analysis of phase-contrast microscopy images

2014

Primary ciliary dyskinesia implies cilia with defective or total absence of motility, which may result in sinusitis, chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis and male infertility. Diagnosis can be difficult and is based on an abnormal ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and beat pattern. In this paper, we present a method to determine CBF of isolated cells through the analysis of phase-contrast microscopy images, estimating cilia motion by means of an optical flow algorithm. After having analyzed 28 image sequences (14 with a normal beat pattern and 14 with a dyskinetic pattern), the normal group presented a CBF of 5.2 +/- 1.6 Hz, while the dyskinetic patients presented a 1.9 +/- 0.9 Hz CBF. The cutoff …

A concise review of opioid-induced esophageal dysfunction: is this a new clinical entity?

2017

Opioids have become the most widely prescribed analgesics in Western countries. Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction is a widely known adverse effect, with constipation the most common manifestation. Most of the opioid-related effects occur in the stomach, small intestine, and colon and have been widely studied. However, the effects related to esophageal motility are less known. Recently published retrospective studies have suggested that long-term use of opioids can cause esophageal motility dysfunction, reflecting symptoms similar to motility disorders, such as achalasia and functional esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction. The most common manometric findings, as reported in the litera…

Opioid-induced Lower Esophageal Sphincter Dysfunction

2015

The adverse gastrointestinal effects of opioids have been extensively described in medical literature.1 Their effect takes place mainly on the enteric nervous system, through receptors in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses. There are 3 recognized main opium receptors (μ, δ, and κ) that are expressed in the central and enteric nervous systems, which mediate the gastrointestinal effects.2 The mainly studied adverse gastrointestinal effect of opioids is constipation, due to the greater understanding of opium receptor physiology in the colon.3 However their effect on esophageal motility has seldom been studied. Our study’s objective was to assess esophageal motility, using high-resolution ma…

PS01.024: ENDOSTIMTM THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS

2018

Abstract Background Electric stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter is a new surgical option for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and a diaphragmatic hernia less than 3 cm. In comparison to standard anti-reflux procedures like Nissen or Toupet fundoplication the procedure`s advantage is that there had been no report on postoperative dysphagia. Esophageal motility disorders can increase the risk of dysphagia after fundoplication. Therefor EndostimÔ might be an alternative for these patients. Methods Between December 2015 and November 2017 twelve patients with GERD received Endostim™ therapy. All patients underwent endoscopy, high resolution impedance manometry (HRI…

P.19.19 DISTRIBUTION OF ESOPHAGEAL DYSMOTILITIES AMONG PATIENTS WITH NON-CARDIAC CHEST PAIN, DYSPHAGIA OR BOTH

2012

Reversible esophageal motor dysfunction in botulism

1985

Two cases of botulism with autonomic and neuromuscular system involvement are presented. In both patients, dryness of the mouth and difficulties in swallowing were predominant symptoms. Esophageal manometry revealed a marked decrease in peristaltic amplitude, which was most pronounced in the upper third of the esophagus. These functional abnormalities returned to normal following recovery from the acute disease.

Current Clinical Application of Microperimetry: A Review.

2018

Microperimetry (MP) is a technology that allows the study of retinal sensitivity at different foveal and parafoveal areas as well as eye fixation. It is a technique of functional evaluation, providing a direct correlation between anatomical and functional outcomes. There are a great variety of studies which evaluate the repeatability or reliability of measurements obtained with this technology and also describe and explore different clinical applications. MP has been shown to be useful in the characterization of sensory and motor conditions, such as amblyopia or nystagmus. Concerning ocular pathology, several studies have confirmed the usefulness of MP for evaluating and analyzing different…