Search results for "Motor area"

PB15. Neurophysiological biomarker for the clinical development of tuberous sclerosis

2018

Aim To investigate the neuronal networks in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TS) undergoing treatment with Everolimus. Methods Sleep and wake electroencephalography (EEG) before and one year after the start of the treatment with Everolimus were investigated in 13 patients with TS. To investigate functional and effective connectivity within the network generating the delta and theta activity in the background sleep and wake EEG, the methods of dynamic imaging of coherent sources (DICS) and renormalized partial directed coherence (RPDC) were applied. Results Sources before the treatment . Independent of location of the tubera and severity of epilepsy, delta activity in the background…

P 56 tDCS shows no effects on motor cortex excitability at rest

2017

Introduction Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a widely used technique in research and clinics. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms are not yet clear. Modeling studies suggest that the electric field during tDCS is dominated by a tangential component which predominantly modifies active synaptic connections ( Radman et al., 2007 ). We have previously shown that tDCS with an increased tangential compared to the conventional montage introduced by Nitsche and Paulus (2000) , suppresses the effects of paired associative stimulation of the supplementary motor area and the primary motor cortex (PASSMA-M1) independent of tDCS polarity (Faber et al., under submission). H…

''Forward to the past''

2012

Carlini, Alessandro | Actis-Grosso, Rossana | Stucchi, Natale | Pozzo, Thierry; International audience; ''Our daily experience shows that the CNS is a highly efficient machine to predict the effect of actions into the future; are we so efficient also in reconstructing the past of an action? Previous studies demonstrated we are more effective in extrapolating the final position of a stimulus moving according to biological kinematic laws. Here we address the complementary question: are we more effective in extrapolating the starting position (SP) of a motion following a biological velocity profile? We presented a dot moving upward and corresponding to vertical arm movements that were masked i…

Anticipatory postural adjustments during joint action coordination

2019

International audience; There is a current claim that humans are able to effortlessly detect others’ hidden mental state by simply observing their movements and transforming the visual input into motor knowledge to predict behaviour. Using a classical paradigm quantifying motor predictions, we tested the role of vision feedback during a reach and load-lifting task performed either alone or with the help of a partner. Wrist flexor and extensor muscle activities were recorded on the supporting hand. Early muscle changes preventing limb instabilities when participants performed the task by themselves revealed the contribution of the visual input in postural anticipation. When the partner perfo…

Oxytocin reduces romantic rejection-induced pain in online speed-dating as revealed by decreased frontal-midline theta oscillations

2021

Abstract Background Romantic rejection is an emotionally distressful experience profoundly affecting life, possibly leading to mental illness or suicide. Oxytocin (OT) is a neuropeptide widely implicated in reducing physical pain and negative emotions; however, whether OT has an effect on reducing intense social pain (e.g., romantic rejection) remains unknown. Here, we tested the effect of OT on social pain and investigated its role in the outcome evaluation phase of social decision-making. Methods Electroencephalographic recordings were obtained between August 2nd and October 20th, 2020 in Shenzhen University from 61 healthy participants in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with a b…

2018

The pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) is engaged in speech comprehension under difficult circumstances such as poor acoustic signal quality or time-critical conditions. Previous studies found that left pre-SMA is activated when subjects listen to accelerated speech. Here, the functional role of pre-SMA was tested for accelerated speech comprehension by inducing a transient "virtual lesion" using continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS). Participants were tested (1) prior to (pre-baseline), (2) 10 min after (test condition for the cTBS effect), and (3) 60 min after stimulation (post-baseline) using a sentence repetition task (formant-synthesized at rates of 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 syllab…

Cortical Patterns of Pleasurable Musical Chills Revealed by High-Density EEG

2020

Music has the capacity to elicit strong positive feelings in humans by activating the brain’s reward system. Because group emotional dynamics is a central concern of social neurosciences, the study of emotion in natural/ecological conditions is gaining interest. This study aimed to show that high-density EEG (HD-EEG) is able to reveal patterns of cerebral activities previously identified by fMRI or PET scans when the subject experiences pleasurable musical chills. We used HD-EEG to record participants (11 female, 7 male) while listening to their favorite pleasurable chill-inducing musical excerpts; they reported their subjective emotional state from low pleasure up to chills. HD-EEG results…