Search results for "Multilevel"
showing 10 items of 338 documents
What explains ‘generosity’ in the public financing of high-tech drugs? An empirical investigation of 25 OECD countries and 11 controversial drugs
2014
In times of increasing cost pressures, public healthcare systems in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries face the question of whether and to which extent new high-tech drugs are to be financed within their public healthcare systems. Systematic empirical research that explains across-country variation in these decisions is, however, almost non-existent. We analyse an original dataset that contains coverage decisions for 11 controversial drugs in 25 OECD countries using multilevel modelling. Our results indicate that the ‘generosity’ with which controversial new drugs are publicly financed is unrelated to a country’s wealth and general expenditure levels fo…
Influence des facteurs socio-économiques et géographiques sur l'incidence, l'accès aux soins et la survie des femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein
2012
In developed countries, breast cancer is currently the leading cancer in women in terms of incidence and mortality (standardized rate of 101.5 and 17.7 per 100,000 person-years in 2005, respectively). Many risk factors and prognostic factors have been studied and are well known. Research is under way with regard to every step in the development of breast cancer, but the impact of socio-economic and geographic factors, at the individual and environmental level with regard to the disease have never been studied in France.The general aim of this work was to explore the impact of these factors in different ways to build on our knowledge and to develop practical applications in the primary, seco…
The Impact of Psychosocial Safety Climate on Health Impairment and Motivation Pathways: A Diary Study on Illegitimate Tasks, Appreciation, Worries, a…
2019
Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) describes an organisation’s policies, practices, and procedures that aim at protecting employees’ psychological health and safety. In line with the job demands-resources (JD-R) model, we proposed PSC to be a cause of the causes, that is, an upstream organisational resource that decreases perceived demands and increases perceived resources in the form of illegitimate tasks and appreciation. In turn, this should lead to reduced work-related worries and enhanced work engagement. Based on a diary study across six weeks and a sample of N = 354 nurses, results from multilevel analyses were largely in line with our propositions: On the within level, worries and wo…
Are the most dedicated nurses more vulnerable to job insecurity? Age-specific analyses on family-related outcomes.
2013
Aim To examine the moderating roles of job dedication and age in the job insecurity–family-related well-being relationship. Background As job insecurity is a rather permanent stressor among nurses nowadays, more research is needed on the buffering factors alleviating its negative effects on well-being. Methods A total of 1719 Finnish nurses representing numerous health care organisations participated in this cross-sectional study. Moderated hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the associations. Results Nurses’ younger age and low job dedication operated as protective factors against the negative effect of high job insecurity on parental satisfaction. The effect of job dedica…
Tracking of Television Viewing Time during Adulthood: The Young Finns Study.
2016
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the tracking of television viewing (TV) time as an indicator of sedentary behavior among adults for a period of 25 yr. Methods: A random sample of 1601 subjects (740 men) age 18, 21, and 24 yr participated in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study in 1986. TV time during leisure time was measured with a single self-report question at baseline and in 2001, 2007, and 2011. Tracking of TV time was analyzed using Spearman rank correlations and simplex models. Level and change of TV time were examined using linear growth modeling. Results: The 4- and 6-yr integrated TV time stability coefficients, adjusted for measurement errors, were Q0.60…
Protein, creatine and dieting supplements among adolescents: Use and associations with eating disorder risk factors, exercise- and sports participati…
2021
Objective: This study aimed to estimate the number of weekly users of protein, creatine, and dieting supplements and to explore whether weekly use was related to eating disorder (ED) risk factors, exercise, sports participation, and immigrant status.Methods: In total, 629 and 1,060 high school boys and girls, respectively, self-reported weekly frequency of protein, creatine, and dieting supplement use, and weight and shape concerns, appearance internalization and pressure, self-esteem, mental distress, physical activity level, exercise context, and the type and weekly frequency of sport played. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were performed to investigate explanatory factors for s…
España inacabada. Organización territorial del Estado, autonomía política y reconocimiento de la diversidad nacional
2021
S’han complert més de tres dècades de vigència de la Constitució de 1978 i, per tant, ja es disposa de prou perspectiva per analitzar el grau d’eficàcia d’un model d’Estat, per alguns, gairebé federal i, per a uns altres, senzillament molt descentralitzat. D’altra banda, a Espanya segueix plenament obert el debat sobre Espanya. Sigui quina sigui l’opinió, la veritat és que el nostre antic problema consumeix una gran part de les energies col·lectives, condiciona àmpliament l’agenda política, genera notables tensions socials i projecta ombres d’incertesa respecte al futur. En aquest treball, s’hi presenta un balanç de les dues qüestions. Després d’oferir un resum breu del procés de construcci…
Graphical THD minimization procedure for single phase five-level converters
2017
This paper proposes two graphycal procedure to mitigate h harmonics and to minimize the total harmonic distortion (THD), respectively. The paper considers a five-level inverter and fundamental frequency modulation: it computes the two switching angles able to reduce low order harmonics and able to minimize the THD. Simulation results are obtained and, in order to validate the proposed procedure, an experimental prototype is built and experimental results are carried out. The comparison between simulation and experimental results confirms the accuracy of the proposed graphycal procedure. It is shown that the switching angles to mitigate the third-fifth and the third-fifth-seventh harmonics e…
Is team emotional composition essential for virtual team members’ well-being? The role of a team emotional management intervention
2021
The aim of this study was twofold. First, we examined the relationship between virtual teams’ emotional intelligence composition and three indicators of their members’ well-being, members’ satisfaction with the team, and positive and negative affective states. Second, we analyzed the moderator role of an online team emotional management intervention in the effects of the team emotional intelligence composition. One hundred and two virtual teams participated in an experimental study with repeated measures. Teams were randomly assigned to either an intervention designed to help them detect and manage emotions during virtual teamwork or a control condition (with no intervention). We followed a…
The Quality of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX): a Multilevel Analysis of Individual-level, Organizational-level and Societal-level Antecedents
2021
Abstract We examine the direct relationships for both individual values and organizational-level culture on the quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) in a multilevel, multi-society study. In addition, we investigate the moderating roles of organizational- and societal-level cultures. Using 2343 respondents from 12 samples, we performed hierarchical linear modelling analysis and found that individual-level collectivism and organizational-level clan and hierarchy cultures were positively related to LMX, while individual-level individualism and organizational-level market and adhocracy cultures were negatively related to LMX. None of the organizational culture types or societal cultures had …