Search results for "Multiple sclerosis"

Plazmas miRNS kā multiplās sklerozes biomarķieri

2018

Vairākos pētījumos ir atklātas miRNS, tajā skaitā cirkulējošas miRNS, kuru daudzums ir izmainīts multiplā sklerozē. miRNS kā jaunu biomarķieru izpēte šai slimībai varētu palīdzēt diagnosticēt un prognozēt tās attīstību agrīnā stadijā. Šajā pētījumā ir prezentēti mūsu dati par dažām miRNS, kas tikadetektētas MS pacientu asins plazmā, kā izmainītas. Mēs salīdzinājām miRNS ekspresijas līmeņus MS un tās apakštipos ar veselo kontroli, lai atrastu potenciālās miRNS, kas var tikt izmantotas, kā MS biomarķieri. Galvenais mērķis bija validēt sekvenēšanas rezultātā atlasītās miRNS, kuru daudzums bija izmainīts MS pacientu asins plazmā neatkarīgā pacientu kopā. miRNS 484, kuras daudzums bija visvairāk…

DC specific Smad7 deficiency promotes differentiation of tolerogenic DCs able to attenuate EAE

2014

The immune network is a complex system for host defenses comprising various types of inflammatory and regulatory cells. Autoimmune diseases occur because of dysregulation in homeostasis caused by imbalance of these cells. The pattern of imbalance depends on the disease. Most autoimmune diseases are chronic, and the mechanism underlying this chronic nature is yet to be determined. Monoclonal antibody therapy is highly specific to the molecules targeted and is therefore highly effective. However, this therapy cannot be applied to all autoimmune diseases, and even the most effective therapy is incapable of completely inhibiting disease activity. Antigen-specific therapies have the ability to i…

Modeling a Complex Disease

2011

The recent decades have shown that multiple sclerosis (MS) is not a uniform disease entity with common etiology, but rather a disease or syndrome characterized by a heterogeneous pattern of manifestations and pathological principles. Apart from the older distinctions of the Devic's disease from the standard Western form of relapsing remitting MS or the more Asian form of opticospinal MS, specific pathological patterns indicating distinct etiologies have been established by analyses of biopsies and autopsies. Further, the distinct responses of patients to drugs targeting either specific cell types or immunoregulatory mechanisms such as Rituximab or IFNβ clearly demonstrate the heterogeneity …

Obstructive Malformations of the Internal Jugular Vein

2021

Obstructive malformations of the internal jugular veins represent a relatively new clinical problem, which as of yet has not been fully understood. In normal subjects, the internal jugular vein is valveless, except for a single valve, situated just above the junction of this vein with the brachiocephalic vein. Usually, normal jugular valves exhibit a two-leaflet structure. Stenotic lesions of these veins were described for the first time in 2009 in a group of multiple sclerosis patients. The most common obstructive malformation of the internal jugular vein is a stenotic valve. There are several morphological types of such aberrant valves, comprising annular stenoses, valves with fused, reve…

Heat Shock Proteins in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis: Friend or Foe?

2015

Multiple Sclerosis is a complex chronic inflammatory, neurodegenerative disease conditioned by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Main pathological features of MS include areas of focal demyelination of white matter characterized by gliosis, neuron and oligodendrocyte loss. Neurodegenerative as well as immune-mediated processes play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. One of these immunogenic factors could be represented by the heat shock proteins. HSP exhibit cytoprotective and cytostimulatory effects due to their molecular chaperones role, in many brain model misfolding diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, whereas still no unambiguous results have bee…

Hype and Hopes of Stem Cell Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2017

Hope from the regeneration promoting effects of stem cells have provided new insights for understanding diseases that were previously thought to have a limited prognostic improvement upon medical intervention. This is especially indicated in neurodegenerative diseases, which until the discovery and research in stem cells were thought to have minimal regenerative capabilities. This review covers various treatment modalities involving different types of stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells, which have been tested for various neurodegenerative disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parki…

An exploration of anger phenomenology in multiple sclerosis

2009

Background and purpose:  Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are often emotionally disturbed. We investigated anger in these patients in relation to demographic, clinical, and mood characteristics. Patients and methods:  About 195 cognitively unimpaired MS patients (150 relapsing–remitting and 45 progressive) were evaluated with the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory, the Chicago Multiscale Depression Inventory, and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. The patients’ anger score distribution was compared with that of the normal Italian population. Correlation coefficients among scale scores were calculated and mean anger scores were compared across different groups of patients by analysis of …

Models for Assessing Anxiety and Depression in Multiple Sclerosis: from Mouse to Man

2021

Translational Aspects of Immunotherapeutic Targets in Multiple Sclerosis

2021

B cells assume the command

2015

A proinflammatory B cell cytokine activates autoimmunity, and B cell depletion treats multiple sclerosis (Li et al., this issue).