Search results for "Musci"

Rovello bianco, caratterizzazione di un vitigno autoctono campano.

2009

Il “Rovello bianco”, conosciuto localmente come “Greco muscio” nuovo vitigno autoctono campano è stato oggetto di uno studio triennale (2004-2005) considerando il “Fiano” come varietà di riferimento. L’analisi molecolare mediante marcatori micro satelliti (SSR) ne ha stabilito l’unicità del profilo genetico. La valutazione agronomica è stata ottenuta attraverso annuali e sistematici rilievi, effettuati su 50 piante di 5 anni di età, registrando da parte del “Rovello bianco” un più basso vigore vegetativo rispetto al “Fiano” e una buona resistenza alle più diffuse fitopatie. Ben distinta dal vino “Fiano” è risultata invece la componente organica volatile. Principalmente alcoli isoamilici qua…

Multivariate optimization of the hollow fibre liquid phasemicroextraction of muscimol in human urine samples

2016

A liquid phase microextraction based on hollow fibre followed by liquid chromatographic determinationwas developed for the extraction and quantitation of the hallucinogenic muscimol from urine samples.Method applicability on polar hallucinogens was also tested on two alkaloids, a psychedelic hallucinogen,tryptamine and a polar amino acid, tryptophan which exists in its charged state in the entire pH range. Amultivariate design of experiments was used in which a half fractional factorial approach was applied toscreen six factors (donor phase pH, acceptor phase HCl concentration, carrier composition, stirring rate,extraction time and salt content) for their extent of vitality in carrier media…

Opposite role played by GABAA and GABAB receptors in the modulation of peristaltic activity in mouse distal colon.

2014

We investigated the role of GABA on intestinal motility using as model the murine distal colon. Effects induced by GABA receptors recruitment were examined in whole colonic segments and isolated circular muscle preparations to analyze their influence on peristaltic reflex and on spontaneous and neurally-evoked contractions. Using a modified Trendelenburg set-up, rhythmic peristaltic contractions were evoked by gradual distension of the colonic segments. Spontaneous and neurally-evoked mechanical activity of circular muscle strips were recorded in vitro as changes in isometric tension. GABA, at low concentrations (10-50 µM), potentiated peristaltic activity and the neural cholinergic contrac…

Neuroprotective effect of ceftriaxone on the penumbra in a rat venous ischemia model.

2012

Glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) maintains low concentrations of extracellular glutamate by removing glutamate from the extracellular space. It is controversial, however, whether upregulation of GLT-1 is neuroprotective under all ischemic/hypoxic conditions. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of preconditioning with a β-lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone (CTX) that increases expression of GLT-1 has been reported in animal models of focal ischemia. On the other hand, it is said that CTX does not play a neuroprotective role in an in vitro study. Thus, we examined the effect of CTX on ischemic injury in a rat model of two-vein occlusion (2VO). This model mimics venous ischemia during, e.g. tumor sur…

Kavapyrone enriched extract fromPiper methysticum as modulator of the GABA binding site in different regions of rat brain

1994

Regional differences in the modulation of [3H] muscimol binding to GABAA receptor complexes by kavapyrones, compounds of the rhizome of the plant Piper methysticum which possess sedative activity, were demonstrated using membrane fractions obtained from target brain centers of kavapyrone action: hippocampus (HIP), amygdala (AMY) and medulla oblongata (MED), and from brain centers outside the main kavapyrone effects as frontal cortex (FC) and cerebellum (CER). The kava extract enhanced the binding of [3H] muscimol in a concentration-dependent manner with maximal potentiation of 358% over control in HIP followed by AMY and MED (main target brain centers). Minimal stimulation was observed in C…

Rapid determination of ibotenic acid and muscimol in human urine

2014

Prevention of an increase in cortical ligand binding to AMPA receptors may represent a novel mechanism of endogenous brain protection by G-CSF after …

2016

PURPOSE Using G-CSF deficient mice we recently demonstrated neuroprotective properties of endogenous G-CSF after ischemic stroke. The present follow-up study was designed to check, whether specific alterations in ligand binding densities of excitatory glutamate or inhibitory GABAA receptors may participate in this effect. METHODS Three groups of female mice were subjected to 45 minutes of MCAO: wildtype, G-CSF deficient and G-CSF deficient mice substituted with G-CSF. Infarct volumes were determined after 24 hours and quantitative in vitro receptor autoradiography was performed using [3H]MK-801, [3H]AMPA and [3H]muscimol for labeling of NMDA, AMPA and GABAA receptors, respectively. Ligand b…

GABA-A receptoru agonista muscimola ietekme uz acetilholīna daudzumu Alcheimera slimības tipa modeļdzīvnieku smadzenēs

2017

Šī darba mērķis bija noskaidrot muscimola ļoti zemu devu (0,01 un 0,05 mg/kg) efektus uz acetilholīna šķelšanu intracerebroventrikulāras (i.c.v.) streptozocīna (STZ) ievadīšanas AD-tipa modelī. Rezultāti rāda, ka: 1.STZ i.c.v. ievadīšana izraisīja būtisku garozas un hipokampa AChE blīvuma palielinājumu. 2.Muscimols 0,01 un 0,05 mg/kg devās normalizēja AChE blīvumu STZ grupas žurku garozā un hipokampā līdz kontroles grupas līmenim. Iegūtie dati ļauj secināt, ka muscimola ļoti mazas devas regulē acetilholīna daudzumu i.c.v. STZ modelī. Iespējams, šis regulācijas mehānisms atbild par iepriekš novērotiem telpiskās atmiņas uzlabojumiem AD-tipa modeļdzīvniekos, tomēr ir nepieciešami tālāki pētīju…

Age-related differences of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission in human colonic smooth muscle.

2021

Background: Enteric neurons undergo to functional changes during aging. We investigated the possible age-associated differences in enteric γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic transmission evaluating function and distribution of GABAergic receptors in human colon. Methods: Mechanical responses to GABA and GABA receptor agonists on slow phasic contractions were examined in vitro as changes in isometric tension in colonic muscle strips from young (<65 years old) and aged patients (>65 years old). GABAergic receptor expression was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR. Key Results: In both preparations GABA induced an excitatory effect, consisting in an increase in the basal tone, antagonized by th…

Functional evidence for different roles of GABAA and GABAB receptors in modulating mouse gastric tone

2010

Abstract The aims of the present study were to investigate, using mouse whole stomach in vitro , the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABA receptor agonists on the spontaneous gastric tone, to examine the subtypes of GABA receptors involved in the responses and to determine the possible site(s) of action. GABA induced gastric relaxation, which was antagonized by the GABA A -receptor antagonist, bicuculline, potentiated by phaclofen, GABA B -receptor antagonist, but not affected by 1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridin-4-yl methylphosphinic acid hydrate (TPMPA), GABA C -receptor antagonist. Muscimol, GABA A -receptor agonist, mimicked GABA effects inducing relaxation, which was significantly re…