Search results for "Muscle"

Beneficial effects of running and milk protein supplements on Sirtuins and risk factors of metabolic disorders in rats with low aerobic capacity

2019

Background. Physical activity and dietary intake of dairy products are associated with improved metabolic health. Dairy products are rich with branched chain amino acids that are essential for energy production. To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying the benefit of the sub-chronic effects of running and intake of milk protein supplements, we studied Low Capacity Runner rats (LCR), a rodent exercise model with risk for metabolic disorders. We especially focused on the role of Sirtuins, energy level dependent proteins that affect many cellular metabolic processes. Methods. Forty-seven adult LCR female rats sedentary or running voluntarily in wheels were fed normal chow and given suppl…

POSTURE AND POSTUROLOGY, ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILES: OVERVIEW AND CURRENT STATE OF ART

2017

Background and aim of work: posture is the position of the body in the space, and is controlled by a set of anatomical structures. The maintenance and the control of posture are a set of interactions between muscle-skeletal, visual, vestibular, and skin system. Lately there are numerous studies that correlate the muscle-skeletal and the maintenance of posture. In particular, the correction of defects and obstruction of temporomandibular disorders, seem to have an impoact on posture. The aim of this work is to collect information in literature on posture and the influence of the stomatognatich system on postural system. Methods: Comparison of the literature on posture and posturology by cons…

Regulación transcripcional de muscleblind y nuevos mecanismos de patogénesis en un modelo de distrofia miotónica en Drosophila

2015

La distrofia miotónica tipo I es una enfermedad genética con un patrón de herencia autosómico dominante. Se considera una enfermedad rara ya que afecta a 1 de cada 8000 personas, sin embargo, es la forma más común de distrofia en adultos. Es una enfermedad multisistémica que se caracteriza por la aparición de cataratas iridiscenctes, defectos en la conducción cardíaca, miotonía y atrofia muscular. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha no existen tratamientos efectivos. La enfermedad se produce por la expansión del triplete CTG en la región 3¿ no traducida del gen DMPK. Las expansiones forman unas horquillas de RNA capaces de secuestrar diversas proteínas de unión a RNA, entre ellas, el factor de spli…

Descubrimiento y caracterización de la estefenantrina como fármaco para la Distrofia Miotónica Tipo 1

2015

La Distrofia Miotónica tipo 1 (DM1) es una enfermedad autosómica dominante cuyos principales síntomas incluyen miotonía (incapacidad para relajar el músculo tras una contracción voluntaria), degeneración muscular, cataratas, diabetes, arritmias cardiacas y déficit cognitivo entre otros. La causa genética de la enfermedad radica en la expansión del trinucleótido CTG en el extremo 3’ no traducido del gen proteina kinasa de la distrofia miotónica (DMPK). La expansión de este trinucleótido provoca la ganancia de función tóxica del RNA al transcribirse la región expandida. El RNA portador de las expansiones tóxicas de CTG se pliega sobre sí mismo formando una horquilla de doble cadena que queda …

SPACE FLIGHT AND LOSS OF STRENGTH IN UPPER LIMB MUSCLES

2008

Myostatin/activin blocking combined with exercise reconditions skeletal muscle expression profile of mdx mice

2015

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is characterized by muscle wasting and decreased aerobic metabolism. Exercise and blocking of myostatin/activin signaling may independently or combined counteract muscle wasting and dystrophies. The effects of myostatin/activin blocking using soluble activin receptor-Fc (sActRIIB-Fc) administration and wheel running were tested alone or in combination for seven weeks in dystrophic mdx mice. Expression microarray analysis revealed decreased aerobic metabolism in the gastrocnemius muscle of mdx mice compared to healthy mice. This was not due to reduced home-cage physical activity, and was further downregulated upon sActRIIB-Fc treatment in enlarged muscles. However…

Expanded CCUG repeat RNA expression in Drosophila heart and muscle trigger Myotonic Dystrophy type 1-like phenotypes and activate autophagocytosis ge…

2016

AbstractMyotonic dystrophies (DM1–2) are neuromuscular genetic disorders caused by the pathological expansion of untranslated microsatellites. DM1 and DM2, are caused by expanded CTG repeats in the 3′UTR of the DMPK gene and CCTG repeats in the first intron of the CNBP gene, respectively. Mutant RNAs containing expanded repeats are retained in the cell nucleus, where they sequester nuclear factors and cause alterations in RNA metabolism. However, for unknown reasons, DM1 is more severe than DM2. To study the differences and similarities in the pathogenesis of DM1 and DM2, we generated model flies by expressing pure expanded CUG ([250]×) or CCUG ([1100]×) repeats, respectively, and compared …

Mild Aerobic Exercise Training Hardly Affects the Diaphragm ofmdxMice

2017

In the mdx mice model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), mild endurance exercise training positively affected limb skeletal muscles, whereas few and controversial data exist on the effects of training on the diaphragm. The diaphragm was examined in mdx (C57BL/10ScSn-Dmdmdx) and wild-type (WT, C57BL/10ScSc) mice under sedentary conditions (mdx-SD, WT-SD) and during mild exercise training (mdx-EX, WT-EX). At baseline, and after 30 and 45 days (training: 5 d/wk for 6 weeks), diaphragm muscle morphology and Cx39 protein were assessed. In addition, tissue levels of the chaperonins Hsp60 and Hsp70 and the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) were measured in diaphragm, gastrocnemius, and q…

miR-7 Restores Phenotypes in Myotonic Dystrophy Muscle Cells by Repressing Hyperactivated Autophagy

2019

International audience; Unstable CTG expansions in the 3' UTR of the DMPK gene are responsible for myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) condition. Muscle dysfunction is one of the main contributors to DM1 mortality and morbidity. Pathways by which mutant DMPK trigger muscle defects, however, are not fully understood. We previously reported that miR-7 was downregulated in a DM1 Drosophila model and in biopsies from patients. Here, using DM1 and normal muscle cells, we investigated whether miR-7 contributes to the muscle phenotype by studying the consequences of replenishing or blocking miR-7, respectively. Restoration of miR-7 with agomiR-7 was sufficient to rescue DM1 myoblast fusion defects and…

Effectiveness of a 12-month home-based exercise program on trunk muscle strength and spine function after lumbar spine fusion surgery:a randomized co…

2022

Purpose: The effectiveness of a 12-month home-exercise program on trunk muscle strength after lumbar spine fusion surgery was evaluated. Materials and methods: Three months postoperatively, 98 patients were randomized either to the exercise group (EG), with a progressive 12-month home-based exercise program, or to usual care group (UCG), with one guidance session for light home-exercises. Maximal trunk muscle strength was measured by a strain-gauge dynamometer and trunk extensor endurance was measured by Biering-Sørensen’s test at baseline and after the intervention. Results: The mean change in extension strength during the intervention was 75 N in EG and 58 N in UCG. Flexion strength impro…