Search results for "Muscle"
showing 10 items of 3397 documents
Behavior of fascicles and the myotendinous junction of human medial gastrocnemius following eccentric strength training
2009
This study is the first in which measurements of thickness, fascicle angle and length, and tendon elongation were combined to examine the impact of eccentric strength training on both muscle architecture and tendinous structures. Eighteen healthy male subjects were divided into an eccentric strength training group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 8). The training program consisted of 18 sessions of eccentric exercises over a 7-week period. All subjects were tested at baseline and after the last training session. Using ultrasound imaging, the fascicle angle and length and thickness of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) were analyzed at rest (i.e., theta(p), Fl(p), and t(p), respectively), at 50%…
Axial loading and posture cues in contraction of transversus abdominis and multifidus with exercise
2020
AbstractAstronauts are at increased risk of spine injury. With a view to developing training approaches for the muscles of the spine in microgravity, this study examined the effects of axial loading and postural cues on the contraction of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus in supine lying using a novel exercise device (GravityFit). Thirty (18 males and 12 females) endurance-trained runners without a history of spinal pain aged 33–55 years were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed under one rest and five exercise conditions, which involved variations in axial loading and postural cues. Whole volume of the abdominal and lumbar paraspinal muscles was imaged and tr…
Clinical and molecular genetic spectrum of autosomal dominant Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy due to mutations of the lamin A/C gene.
2000
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is characterized by early contractures of the elbows and Achilles tendons, slowly progressive muscle wasting and weakness, and life-threatening cardiomyopathy with conduction blocks. We recently identified LMNA encoding two nuclear envelope proteins, lamins A and C, to be implicated in the autosomal dominant form of EDMD. Here, we report on the variability of the phenotype and spectrum of LMNA mutations in 53 autosomal dominant EDMD patients (36 members of 6 families and 17 sporadic cases). Twelve of the 53 patients showed cardiac involvement exclusively, although the remaining 41 all showed muscle weakness and contractures. We were able to identify …
Impact of pharmaceutical intervention on quality of life and coping strategies in patients with haematological malignancies
2015
Summary Objectives We conducted a prospective study approved by the local ethics committee to determine the impact of a pharmaceutical intervention (PI) on pain, fatigue, quality of life (QoL) and coping strategies in patients with HMs starting chemotherapy sessions. Material and methods Patients received either usual care (UC) + PI (PI group) or UC alone (UC group). They had to complete 2 questionnaires, QLQ-C30 and MAC 21, at 3 different time points: before starting the 1st chemotherapy session (T1), during the intercure (T2) and the day before starting the 2nd chemotherapy session (T3). To determine predictive factors of pain, fatigue, QoL and coping scores at T3, a multivariate ANOVA wa…
''Alterations with Movement Duration in the Kinematics of a Whole Body Pointing Movement''
2013
Casteran, Matthieu | Manckoundia, Patrick | Pozzo, Thierry | Thomas, Elizabeth; International audience; ''Our aim was to investigate how the organization of a whole body movement is altered when movement duration (MD) is varied. Subjects performed the same whole body pointing movement over long, normal and short MDs. The kinematic trajectories were then analyzed on a normalized time base. A principal components analysis (PCA) revealed that the degree of coordination between the elevation angles of the body did not change with MD. This lack of significant differences in the coordination was interesting given that small spatial and temporal differences were observed in the individual kinemati…
Electromyographic activity of the jaw muscles and mandibular kinematics in young adults with theoretically ideal dental occlusion: Reference values
2016
Background A necessary step to use neuromuscular analysis as diagnostic tool is to establish normal reference values for the physiological range in a healthy population. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity of the jaw muscles and mandibular kinematics were measured in young adults with theoretically ideal dental occlusion to determine normal reference values during different tasks. Differences between the sexes were evaluated. Material and Methods Forty young adults (20 men, 20 women; mean age 22.8 ± 3.9 years) with theoretically ideal dental occlusion were selected using very restrictive criteria. sEMG activity of the anterior temporalis (AT), posterior temporalis, masseter (MA), and …
Difficult memory task during postural tasks of various difficulties in young and older people: A pilot study
2007
Abstract Objective This study examined the effects of a difficult and individually tailored additional cognitive task on postural stability and electromyographic (EMG) activities of the ankle dorsi- and plantar-flexors, in young and older individuals performing postural tasks of varying difficulties. Methods Eight young (mean age = 24 years) and eight older (74 years) men took part in the investigation. Centre of pressure velocity and surface EMG of ankle joint muscles were both examined during various postural conditions. Results The main findings suggested that high levels of muscle activity were a characteristic of age-related declines in postural stability. Moreover, during the complex …
Acute Effects of High-intensity Resistance Exercise on Cognitive Function
2021
The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of an acute bout of high-intensity resistance exercise on measures of cognitive function. Ten men (Mean ± SD: age = 24.4 ± 3.2 yrs; body mass = 85.7 ± 11.8 kg; height = 1.78 ± 0.08 m; 1 repetition maximum (1RM) = 139.0 ± 24.1 kg) gave informed consent and performed a high-intensity 6 sets of 10 repetitions of barbell back squat exercise at 80% 1RM with 2 minutes rest between sets. The Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) was completed to assess various cognitive domains during the familiarization period, immediately before, and immediately after the high-intensity resistance exercise bout. The repeated measures …
Design and validation of a neuroprosthesis for the treatment of upper limb tremor.
2013
Pathological tremor is the most prevalent movement disorder. In spite of the existence of various treatments for it, tremor poses a functional problem to a large proportion of patients. This paper presents the design and implementation of a novel neuroprosthesis for tremor management. The paper starts by reviewing a series of design criteria that were established after analyzing users needs and the expected functionality of the system. Then, it summarizes the design of the neuroprosthesis, which was built to meet the criteria defined previously. Experimental results with a representative group of 12 patients show that the neuroprosthesis provided significant (p <; 0.001) and systematic trem…
Polychlorinated diphenyl ethers, dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in finnish human tissues compared to environmental samples
1995
Finnish human samples from the Helsinki area and Arctic cod samples from Vestertana Fjord (Norway) were analyzed for polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDE) and 2,3,7,8-chloro substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF). The PCDE, PCDD and PCDF contents in human and animal samples from Finland and elsewhere were briefly reviewed. PCDEs were non-detectable in human liver and testis, but some PCDE congeners were identified in human adipose tissue and fat of boiled Arctic cod liver composite. The contents of PCDEs in Finnish human samples were similar to those reported in the literature for human tissues from North America. The estimated concentrations of PCDEs 99, 147 + 153 (…