Search results for "Muscle"
showing 10 items of 3397 documents
Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Improve Left Ventricular Function, Induce Angiogenesis, and Reduce Infarct Size in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction
2008
Abstract Human dental pulp contains precursor cells termed dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) that show self-renewal and multilineage differentiation and also secrete multiple proangiogenic and antiapoptotic factors. To examine whether these cells could have therapeutic potential in the repair of myocardial infarction (MI), DPSC were infected with a retrovirus encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and expanded ex vivo. Seven days after induction of myocardial infarction by coronary artery ligation, 1.5 × 106 GFP-DPSC were injected intramyocardially in nude rats. At 4 weeks, cell-treated animals showed an improvement in cardiac function, observed by percentage changes in anterior wall thic…
Reduction of Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC) Associated With Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (n-NOS) in Patients With Achalasia
2007
The etiology of achalasia is still unknown. The current theories of chronic inflammation leading to autoimmune response with destruction and loss of the inhibitory myenteric ganglion cells enlighten its pathogenesis in a limited way only. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) have been shown to be involved in nitrergic neurotransmission of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES).To investigate the significance of ICC and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (n-NOS) in esophageal wall tissue of patients undergoing surgery for achalasia.In 53 patients with a median age of 45 (6-78) yr undergoing surgery for achalasia, the immunoreactivity of ICC (CD117/c-kit) and n-NOS was assessed. In 42 patients, biopsi…
Genotype-phenotype correlations in nemaline myopathy caused by mutations in the genes for nebulin and skeletal muscle alpha-actin.
2003
We present comparisons of the clinical pictures in a series of 60 patients with nemaline myopathy in whom mutations had been identified in the genes for nebulin or skeletal muscle alpha-actin. In the patients with nebulin mutations, the typical form of nemaline myopathy predominated, while severe, mild or intermediate forms were less frequent. Autosomal recessive inheritance had been verified or appeared likely in all nebulin cases. In the patients with actin mutations, the severe form of nemaline myopathy was the most common, but some had the mild or typical form, and a few showed other associated features such as intranuclear rods or actin accumulation. Most cases were sporadic, but in ad…
Characterization of muscle alteration in oral submucous fibrosis-seeking new evidence
2015
Background: The aim of the study was to assess the progression of Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSF) by investigating the correlation between clinical mouth opening and muscle-epithelial distance in tissue sections. Characterization of changes involving muscle was ascertained. Material and Methods: 50 cases and 10 controls were included in this case-control study. Inter-incisal mouth opening was measured and classified according to Lai et al . as Group A (more than 35mm), Group B (30 to 35mm), Group C (20 to 30mm), Group D (less than 20mm). Histopathological sections were graded as very early, early, moderately advanced, advanced OSF. Muscle-epithelial distance was calculated using image analysi…
Functional, biochemical and morphological studies on human bronchi after cryopreservation
1995
1. Human isolated bronchi have been investigated as fresh tissue or after storage (7 and 30 days) at -196 degrees C in foetal calf serum containing 1.8 M dimethyl sulphoxide. 2. After cryopreservation, the maximal contractile response to acetylcholine (3 mM) was reduced (approximately 25%) but the difference did not reach significance statistically. Maximal responses to other spasmogens tested (histamine, [Nle10]NKA(4-10), bradykinin, leukotriene D4, U46619, and KCl) did not differ between unfrozen and frozen/thawed tissues. The sensitivity of cryopreserved tissues to the constrictor agents tested was similar to that of fresh tissues. 3. The accumulation of inositol phosphates produced by a…
DNA-fragmentation and apoptosis-related proteins of muscle cells in motor neuron disorders
2009
Apoptosis has been described as one of the mechanisms of muscle fiber loss in infantile spinal muscular atrophy. In order to investigate if muscle fiber-apoptosis plays a role in other denervating disorders as well, we studied DNA-fragmentation, a hallmark of apoptosis, by the TUNEL-method and, moreover, the expression patterns of apoptosis-related proteins in 2 patients suffering from ALS and in 6 patients with polyneuropathy. We identified DNA-cleavage in muscle fibers of all these patients. Furthermore, we found strong expression of bax and ICE promoting apoptosis in muscle fibers. However, also strong expression of the anti-apoptotic factor bcl-2 was found. Our findings indicate that de…
Pipestem capillaries in necrotizing myopathy revisited.
2012
Pipestem-capillaries in necrotizing myopathy, have been reported as a feature of a distinct type of myopathy. Here, we analyze four muscle biopsy specimens from patients exhibiting endomysial fibrosis associated with pipestem capillaries using histological and electronmicroscopic techniques. However, only one case displayed all of the originally described features, including necrotic fibres, capillary thickening and lack of a significant lymphocytic inflammation, while one case exhibited striking capillary pathology with minimal necrosis and absence of inflammation, and the other two cases were accompanied by additional pathological features. These data support the existence of a microangio…
Focal myositis of the temporal muscle
1993
Focal myositis is a rare inflammatory disease of the skeletal muscle that may involve any part of the body. We present a 19-year-old man with a short history of a painful pseudotumor in the right temporal region. MRI pictures showed a swollen right temporal muscle and muscle biopsy revealed the characteristic histological and immunocytochemical findings of polymyositis.
Cutaneous dermal non-neural granular cell tumor is a granular cell dermal root sheath fibroma
2017
Dermal non-neural granular cell tumor (NNGCT) was first described in 1991 as an S100-negative polypoid non-melanocytic tumor. Although originally introduced in the literature as a primary cutaneous tumor, it was later emphasized that such qualification could not be held until the line of differentiation was clarified. It was also demonstrated that not all cases were polypoid. In the current study we try to further characterize this entity by presenting 5 cases of NNGCT. As expected, not all of them were polypoid. The ages of the patients varied from 10 to 43 (mean age 22). They all were composed of S100-negative granular cells with variable atypia and mitotic figures. None of them recurred …
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy is characterized by a specific Th1-M1 polarized immune profile.
2012
Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is considered one of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, comprising dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and inclusion body myositis. The heterogeneous group of necrotizing myopathies shows a varying amount of necrotic muscle fibers, myophagocytosis, and a sparse inflammatory infiltrate. The underlying immune response in necrotizing myopathy has not yet been addressed in detail. Affected muscle tissue, obtained from 16 patients with IMNM, was analyzed compared with eight non-IMNM (nIMNM) tissues. Inflammatory cells were characterized by IHC, and immune mediators were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. We demonstrate that immune- and non–immune-…