Search results for "Mycology"
showing 10 items of 245 documents
Distributions of the growth rate of the germ tubes and germination time of Penicillium chrysogenum conidia depend on water activity
2008
The effects of water activities for sporulation (a(wsp)) and germination (a(wge)) on the distributions of the growth rate of the germ tubes (mu) and the germination time (t(G)) of Penicillium chrysogenum conidia were determined by monitoring the length of the same germ tubes throughout the experiments automatically. No relationship between the individual t(G)'s and mu's could be established. Irrespective of the water activity for germination, mu was greater and t(G) was less for conidia produced at 0.95a(wsp) than that at 0.99a(wsp). At 0.99 a(wge) the mean and the standard deviation of t(G) were smaller than those obtained at 0.95a(wge). At 0.99a(wge), normal distributions for mu and t(G) …
The nature of black stains in Lascaux Cave, France, as revealed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
2012
We used surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to investigate the chemical composition of the black stains threatening the rock-art paintings of Lascaux Cave, Montignac, France. The stains are mainly composed of melanin from the fungus Ochroconis sp. and the faecal pellets of the collembolan Folsomia candida. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is a useful technique for revealing the structure of unknown macromolecules in cultural heritage research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The chemical composition of the black stains threatening the rock-art paintings of Lascaux Cave, Montignac, France was studied using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The stains are mainly composed…
Metabolism of Linoleic Acid or Mevalonate and 6-Pentyl-α-Pyrone Biosynthesis by Trichoderma Species
1993
The understanding of the biosynthetic pathway of 6-pentyl-α-pyrone in Trichoderma species was achieved by using labelled linoleic acid or mevalonate as a tracer. Incubation of growing cultures of Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride with [U- 14 C]linoleic acid or [5- 14 C]sodium mevalonate revealed that both fungal strains were able to incorporate these labelled compounds (50 and 15%, respectively). Most intracellular radioactivity was found in the neutral lipid fraction. At the initial time of incubation, the radioactivity from [ 14 C]linoleic acid was incorporated into 6-pentyl-α-pyrone more rapidly than that from [ 14 C]mevalonate. No radioactivity incorporation was detected in 6-pentyl-…
Modeling the Effect of Modified Atmospheres on Conidial Germination of Fungi from Dairy Foods
2017
Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is commonly applied to extend food shelf-life. Despite growth of a wide variety of fungal contaminants has been previously studied in relation to modified-atmospheres, few studies aimed at quantifying the effects of dioxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) partial pressures on conidial germination in solid agar medium. In the present study, an original culture method was developed, allowing microscopic monitoring of conidial germination under modified-atmospheres in static conditions. An asymmetric model was utilized to describe germination kinetics of Paecilomyces niveus, Mucor lanceolatus, Penicillium brevicompactum, Penicillium expansum, and Penicillium …
Validation and application of a PCR primer set to quantify fungal communities in the soil environment by real-time quantitative PCR
2011
Fungi constitute an important group in soil biological diversity and functioning. However, characterization and knowledge of fungal communities is hampered because few primer sets are available to quantify fungal abundance by real-time quantitative PCR (real-time Q-PCR). The aim in this study was to quantify fungal abundance in soils by incorporating, into a real-time Q-PCR using the SYBRGreen (R) method, a primer set already used to study the genetic structure of soil fungal communities. To satisfy the real-time Q-PCR requirements to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of the detection technique, this study focused on the 18S rRNA gene conserved regions. These regions are little affec…
Alveolar echinococcosis: characteristics of a possible emergence and new perspectives in epidemiosurveillance
2001
International audience; The aim of this review is to discuss the situation of alveolar echinococcosis in France, in the light of the current knowledge on its transmission patterns in the world, especially Europe. An important risk of higher contamination of the rural environment may be suspected from newly reported cases of infected foxes or voles in several countries where the disease was not found before. Furthermore, the increase of prevalence rate in foxes in Bade-Würtemberg (Germany) and Franche-Comté (France), traditionally endemic, is also in support of this new trend. Urban foxes and the spreading of infected foxes to cities may also be the cause of the extension to urban and suburb…
Aerobiology: an ecological indicator for early detection and control of fungal outbreaks in caves
2011
5 pages, 1 table, 13 references.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica)
2004
PRIMER NOTE; International audience; Six microsatellite markers were isolated from Fasciola hepatica, a re-emerging parasite that causes important veterinary and public health problems. In a sample of 52 liver flukes from a region of hyperendemicity (Bolivian Altiplano), five microsatellite were polymorphic. Our results showed that liver flukes present important genetic variability, suggesting a preferential outcrossing reproduction mode for this hermaphroditic parasite.
Standardisation of methods for assessing mould germination: a workshop report.
2006
International audience; The first workshop on predictive mycology was held in Marseille, France, 2–4 February 2005 under the auspices of the French Microbiological Society. The purpose of the workshop was to list the different techniques and definitions used by scientists for assessing mould germination and to evaluate the influence of the different techniques on the experimental results. Recommendations were made when a large consensus was obtained. In order to facilitate the study of germination, alternative methods to microscopic examination were examined.
Ferdinanda Erdmaņa Štolla sēņu mulāža
2020
Latvijas Universitātes Muzeja Botānikas un mikoloģijas kolekcijās glabājas unikāls eksponāts – sēņu mulāža, kas piederējusi Baltijas dabaspētniekam F. E. Štollam (1874 – 1966) un tikusi izmantota izglītības procesā. Iespējams, ka tā ir vienīgā Latvijā saglabājusies vēsturiskā sēņu mulāža.