Search results for "Mycose"
showing 10 items of 351 documents
Normal interleukin-12 production in individuals with antibodies toHelicobacter pylori
1997
It is increasingly recognized that the inability of the immune system to clear H. pylori infection is caused by an inadequate immune response and is associated with chronic gastric inflammation. To further investigate the cellular immune response to H. pylori, we studied PBMC from 31 H. pylori antibody-negative and 16 H. pylori antibody-positive individuals for H. pylori-induced DNA synthesis, secretion of the Th1-type cytokine IFN-gamma and secretion of IL-12, a cytokine produced by bacteria-stimulated monocyte/macrophages and a potent inducer of antibacterial immune responses and Th1-type T cells. All experiments were performed using Y. enterocolitica 03 as control. Our results demonstrat…
Direct sequencing of Legionella pneumophila from respiratory samples for sequence-based typing analysis.
2009
ABSTRACT We have developed a procedure to test the efficiency and reliability of sequencing of Legionella pneumophila genes directly from respiratory samples and have compared the results with those derived from cultured isolates. We tried to obtain the nucleotide sequences of six protein-coding loci included in the sequence-based typing scheme for Legionella pneumophila and three intergenic regions from 132 samples corresponding to 106 patients positive for urine antigen. A seminested PCR approach was used to amplify and sequence these nine loci directly from respiratory samples. Nucleotide sequences were directly obtained for 23 Legionella isolates and also for 66 respiratory secretions f…
Distribution of emm types among group A streptococcal isolates from Serbia.
2010
AbstractThis is the first study concerning the molecular epidemiology of group A streptococcus in Serbia and includes 145 isolates from patients with various infections during the period 2001–2007. The emm types, superantigen profile and susceptibility pattern were determined. Among 31 emm types identified, the most prevalent were emm6, emm12, emm1, and emm58. All isolates showed uniform antimicrobial susceptibility to all tested antibiotics, with the exception of tetracycline and erythromycin (41% and 0.7% resistant strains, respectively). Significant heterogeneity of emm types was found, with a high frequency of emm6 and emm58, as well as a considerable prevalence of tetracycline resistan…
Prevalence and genotypes of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato infection in Ixodes ricinus ticks in southern Norway.
2010
From April to October 2007, host-seeking Ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from 4 locations in southern Norway: Farsund, Mandal, Sogne and Tromoy. Two hundred and ten larvae, 1130 nymphs and 449 adults were investigated for infection with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. The total percentage of B. burgdorferi s.l. in nymphal and adult ticks was determined to be 31.3% in Farsund, 25.2% in Mandal, 22.3% in Sogne and 22.1% in Tromoy. Larvae were pooled in groups of 10 before analysis, and Borrelia infection was detected in 1 of the 21 larvae pools. B. burgdorferi s.l. were genotyped by melting curve analys…
Vectors of tick-borne diseases and epidemiological situation in Latvia in 1993-2002.
2004
During the period of 1993-2002 an increase and the remarkable changes in the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and Lyme borreliosis (LB) as well as annual activities of vector species were noticed. The highest increase of TBE morbidity in Latvia has been observed in 1994 and 1995, and less expressed also in 1998 which was followed by a significant decrease during subsequent years. Whereas the highest peak of LB morbidity has been noticed in 1998 with only a minor decrease during subsequent years. Two epidemiologically significant Ixodes tick species are common in Latvia. Ixodes ricinus L. spread in the western and central part of Latvia; but rarely and in small numbers also in the …
New β-Lactam-β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations.
2020
The limited armamentarium against drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli has led to the development of several novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (BLBLIs). In this review, we summarize their spectrum of in vitro activities, mechanisms of resistance, and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) characteristics. A summary of available clinical data is provided per drug. Four approved BLBLIs are discussed in detail. All are options for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ceftazidime-avibactam is a potential drug for treating Enterobacterales producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), AmpC, an…
New methods of delivery of amphotericin B.
1993
Fungal infections continue to be a major problem in the management of immunocompromised patients. Despite its formidable toxicity and treatment failures, amphotericin B is still the drug of choice for most of these infections. One strategy for reducing the toxicity of amphotericin B and thus permitting administration of higher doses is that of using less toxic formulations. Entrapping amphotericin B into liposomes or binding it to other substances reduces its toxicity to host cells, whereas the selective binding of amphotericin B to ergosterol preserves its toxicity to fungal cells. Adding fungus-specific antibodies to such liposomes may further increase the efficiency of drug targeting. Th…
VanB-VanC1 Enterococcus gallinarum, Italy
2005
To the Editor: We report detecting a vanB determinant in Enterococcus gallinarum in poultry in Italy. High-level vanA-mediated glycopeptide resistance has been described for E. gallinarum and E. casseliflavus (1–4), and vanB-mediated vancomycin resistance has been frequently described for E. faecalis and E. faecium. However, vanB-mediated resistance in isolates of E. gallinarum has been described only in sporadic nosocomial cases of infection or colonization (5,6). In January 2005, a study of contamination by foodborne organisms in slaughtered broiler carcasses was conducted in Sicily. To detect glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE), each carcass was placed in a bag with 100 mL sterile b…
Use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for comparison of similar but distinguishable isolates of Shigella sonnei collected in Ireland and Italy
2006
ABSTRACT Comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns (generated with XbaI and BlnI) of Shigella sonnei isolates from Ireland and Italy suggests that two possibly distantly related lineages are present in both countries. Smaller, more closely related groups, including isolates from Ireland and Italy, were also noted. These groups raise the possibility that the dissemination of clonal groups of S. sonnei may have occurred in recent years.
Helicobacter pylori: clonal population structure and restricted transmission within families revealed by molecular typing.
2000
ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori infects up to 50% of the human population worldwide. The infection occurs predominantly in childhood and persists for decades or a lifetime. H. pylori is believed to be transmitted from person to person. However, tremendous genetic diversity has been reported for these bacteria. In order to gain insight into the epidemiological basis of this phenomenon, we performed molecular typing of H. pylori isolates from different families. Fifty-nine H. pylori isolates from 27 members of nine families were characterized by using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of five PCR-amplified genes, by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of chromosomal DNA, and …