Search results for "NEUROSCIENCE"

Microglia are unique tissue phagocytes with high self-renewing capacity

2014

151. Structural and functional asymmetry in human parietal opercular cortex

2009

Multisensory vestibular cortex activated by otolith stimulation (fMRI)

2007

Delayed feedback of somato-motor cortex activations modulates finger tapping results in real-time functional MR imaging

2007

Postnatal neurogenesis and regeneration in the lizard cerebral cortex

1993

Superfood for axons: Glial exosomes boost axonal energetics by delivery of SIRT2

2021

Axon integrity depends on support by glia facilitating axonal maintenance and energy homeostasis, but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this issue of Neuron, Chamberlain et al. (2021) provide evidence that oligodendrocyte-to-axon transfer of SIRT2 via extracellular vesicles (exosomes) enables deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins, enhancing axonal energy production.

Neurobiology

2016

In the adult mammalian brain, neurogenesis occurs in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus throughout the life span. Neurogenesis has been extensively characterized in rodents and to a lesser extent in primates. Within the hippocampus, the adult neurogenic niche is specifically located in the subgranular zone of the DG, where neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) reside. It has been confirmed that these stem cells, which possess astrocytic features, give rise to intermediate progenitors, immature neurons, and neurons. The NSPCs have radial glia-like morphology and electrolucid cytoplasm, in contrast to the immature neurons whose cytoplasm is electrodense, containing abundant polyribosome…

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

2017

Nitric oxide and cortico-striato-pallidal motor circuitry: Quantitative EEG analysis of surface and depth recordings

2002

Rats treated with i.p. 7-NI showed a significant increase in cortical higher frequency EEG bands, associated with a corresponding and significant decrease in delta band activity. In the striatum, reduced levels of NO induced an increase in the low frequency band, and a decrease at higher frequencies. Pallidal depth recordings showed modifications to several frequency bands, similar to those found in the cortex. Although 7-NI was administered at increasing doses (from 40 to 70 mg kg–1), it was not possible to demonstrate a relationship between modified band activities and the dose of 7-NI. As suggested indirectly by the quantitative EEG data reported in this study, NO plays a fundamental rol…

2020

Regular physical activity (PA) offers positive effects on the human body. However, the effects of PA on cognition and in the brain are less clear. In this paper, we narratively review the relationship of PA with cognition and dementia, first from general perspective and then through genetically informed studies on the topic. Then we move on to imaging studies on exercise and brain anatomy first by presenting an overall picture of the topic and then discussing brain imaging studies addressing PA and brain structure in twins in more detailed way. Regarding PA and cognition or dementia, genetically informed studies are uncommon, even though the relationship between PA and cognitive ageing has …