Search results for "NEUROSCIENCE"
showing 10 items of 8040 documents
A Unified Theory of Psychophysical Laws in Auditory Intensity Perception.
2020
Psychophysical laws quantitatively relate perceptual magnitude to stimulus intensity. While most people have accepted Stevens's power function as the psychophysical law, few believe in Fechner's original idea using just-noticeable-differences (jnd) as a constant perceptual unit to educe psychophysical laws. Here I present a unified theory in hearing, starting with a general form of Zwislocki's loudness function (1965) to derive a general form of Brentano's law. I will arrive at a general form of the loudness-jnd relationship that unifies previous loudness-jnd theories. Specifically, the "slope," "proportional-jnd," and "equal-loudness, equal-jnd" theories, are three additive terms in the ne…
Brain stimulation procedures for treatment of contralesional spatial neglect
2011
The application of brain stimulation techniques for modulation of cortical excitability changes underlying spatial neglect following right-brain-damage has been the first application of brain stimulation in the rehabilitation setting. Several factors concur in making neglect a prototype of cognitive disorders that can be modulated by brain stimulation: 1) neglect is highly lateralized deficit, 2) neglect is a network disorder in which lesion of a network node impacts affects excitability of intrahemispehric and interhemispheric connections, and 3) lesions of the right hemisphere, the most frequent cause of neglect, are associated with a transcallosally mediated increase of facilitation of t…
What we learn about bipolar disorder from large-scale neuroimaging
2020
Abstract MRI‐derived brain measures offer a link between genes, the environment and behavior and have been widely studied in bipolar disorder (BD). However, many neuroimaging studies of BD have been underpowered, leading to varied results and uncertainty regarding effects. The Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis (ENIGMA) Bipolar Disorder Working Group was formed in 2012 to empower discoveries, generate consensus findings and inform future hypothesis‐driven studies of BD. Through this effort, over 150 researchers from 20 countries and 55 institutions pool data and resources to produce the largest neuroimaging studies of BD ever conducted. The ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Workin…
Unveiling Neuromarketing and Its Research Methodology
2022
Neuromarketing is the union of cognitive psychology, which studies mental processes, neurology and neurophysiology, which study the functioning and responses of the brain and body physiology to external stimuli, and marketing, which studies valuable exchanges, to explain marketing effects on customers’ and consumers’ behaviours and on buying and decision processes. It includes a set of research techniques that, by observing and evaluating how the brain and other body parts respond, avoids possible biases and provides truthful and objective information on consumer subconscious. The term “consumer neuroscience” covers academic approaches using techniques such as fMRI, Eye Tracking, or EED. Th…
Postnatal predator exposure reduces fear and anxiety behaviors in adult mice
2010
Poster; Predator cues are very efficient to induce fear in rodents but most studies use adult subjects and not pups. Nevertheless, a perinatal stress can have a significant effect on behavior and on physiology at adulthood. An early stress (foot shock, restraint, mother separation) is able to modulate behaviors later and the aim of this study was to examine if the synthetic predator odor 2,3,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT) presented to neonates modifies fear and anxiety-related behaviors in adult female mice.
Determination of the Time Window of Event-Related Potential Using Multiple-Set Consensus Clustering
2020
Clustering is a promising tool for grouping the sequence of similar time-points aimed to identify the attention blocks in spatiotemporal event-related potentials (ERPs) analysis. It is most likely to elicit the appropriate time window for ERP of interest if a suitable clustering method is applied to spatiotemporal ERP. However, how to reliably estimate a proper time window from entire individual subjects’ data is still challenging. In this study, we developed a novel multiset consensus clustering method in which several clustering results of multiple subjects were combined to retrieve the best fitted clustering for all the subjects within a group. Then, the obtained clustering was processed…
Determination of the Time Window of Event-Related Potential Using Multiple-Set Consensus Clustering
2020
Clustering is a promising tool for grouping the sequence of similar time-points aimed to identify the attention blocks in spatiotemporal event-related potentials (ERPs) analysis. It is most likely to elicit the appropriate time window for ERP of interest if a suitable clustering method is applied to spatiotemporal ERP. However, how to reliably estimate a proper time window from entire individual subjects’ data is still challenging. In this study, we developed a novel multiset consensus clustering method in which several clustering results of multiple subjects were combined to retrieve the best fitted clustering for all the subjects within a group. Then, the obtained clustering was processed…
Walking Stroop carpet: an innovative dual-task concept for detecting cognitive impairment
2013
A Perrochon,1,2,5 G Kemoun,1,2 E Watelain,3,4 A Berthoz51ISIS, Research Institute on Handicap and Aging, Paris; 2Université de Poitiers, Laboratoire Mobilité, Vieillissement et Exercice (MOVE), EA 6314, 3Université de Valenciennes, LAMIH, UMR CNRS 8201, 4Université Sud Toulon Var, HandiBio, EA 4322, La Garde, 5LPPA, UMR CNRS 7152, Collège de France, Paris, FranceBackground: Several studies have reported the potential value of the dual-task concept during locomotion in clinical evaluation because cognitive decline is strongly associated with gait abnormalities. However, current dual-task tests appear to be insufficient for early diagnosi…
Alpha frequency discrepancy and trait anxiety, activation, and inhibition in states of anxiety and mindfulness
2018
Meditaatiotekniikat tarjovat laajalti mahdollisuuksia hyvinvoinnin ylläpitämiseen ja kehittämiseen sekä stressin lievittämiseen. Useat neurotieteelliset tutkimukset ovat osoittaneet välittömiä tuloksia meditatitiivisten tekniikoiden soveltamisen ja aivojen oskillatoristen mekanismien välisessä suhteessa. Meditaatiolla on osoitettu olevan myös pitkäaikaisia vaikutuksia, joihin sisältyy ahdistuneisuuden ja murheen väheneminen. Keskittymistä tukevan aivokäyttöliittymän alustavan suunnittelun tueksi tutkittiin alpha-aallonpituuden käyttäytymistä ahdistuneisuuden ja mindfulnessin tiloissa ja niiden välisiä eroja lähestyttiin aktivaatio-/inhibitio -persoonallisuuspiirteiden sekä ahdistuneisuuteen…
How brain-computer interface technology may improve the diagnosis of the disorders of consciousness: A comparative study
2022
ObjectiveClinical assessment of consciousness relies on behavioural assessments, which have several limitations. Hence, disorder of consciousness (DOC) patients are often misdiagnosed. In this work, we aimed to compare the repetitive assessment of consciousness performed with a clinical behavioural and a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) approach.Materials and methodsFor 7 weeks, sixteen DOC patients participated in weekly evaluations using both the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) and a vibrotactile P300 BCI paradigm. To use the BCI, patients had to perform an active mental task that required detecting specific stimuli while ignoring other stimuli. We analysed the reliability and the effic…