Search results for "NFAT"
showing 10 items of 59 documents
Fas signaling-mediated T
2018
Fas induces apoptosis in activated T cell to maintain immune homeostasis, but the effects of non-apoptotic Fas signaling on T cells remain unclear. Here we show that Fas promotes TH9 cell differentiation by activating NF-κB via Ca2+-dependent PKC-β activation. In addition, PKC-β also phosphorylates p38 to inactivate NFAT1 and reduce NFAT1-NF-κB synergy to promote the Fas-induced TH9 transcription program. Fas ligation exacerbates inflammatory bowel disease by increasing TH9 cell differentiation, and promotes antitumor activity in p38 inhibitor-treated TH9 cells. Furthermore, low-dose p38 inhibitor suppresses tumor growth without inducing systemic adverse effects. In patients with tumor, rel…
NFAT1 deficit and NFAT2 deficit attenuate EAE via different mechanisms
2015
EAE serves as an animal model for multiple sclerosis and is initiated by autoreactive T cells that infiltrate the CNS. Recognition of myelin-associated Ags within the CNS leads to activation of the transcription factor family NFAT. Here, we demonstrate an essential role for NFAT in disease induction, as the combined lack of NFAT1 (NFATc2) and NFAT2 (NFATc1) completely protected mice. Single deficiency of either NFAT1 or NFAT2 ameliorated the course of EAE, and NFAT2 ablation resulted in an obstructed proinflammatory reaction. However, NFAT1 deficit led to an anti-inflammatory response with nonpathogenic Th17 and Th2 cells concurrently secreting IL-17, IL-4, and IL-10. Both IL-4 and IL-10 co…
The Impact of NFAT Inhibition on Neutrophil Effector Functions in Patients after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and on Neutrophil…
2016
Abstract Background and Aims: Immunosuppressive medication e.g. by calcineurin inhibitors substantially contributes to the risk for opportunistic fungal infections in patients after allogeneic transplantation (HSCT). It is well known that the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is an important transcription factor downstream of calcineurin especially in T cells. Additionally, recent data in rodent models indicate that NFAT also seems to play a relevant role in innate antifungal immune responses by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), as well as in regulation of myelopoiesis and myeloid differentiation. Methods: Firstly, isolated PMN from healthy donors were analyzed in vitro in absen…
The Impact of NFAT Inhibition on Neutrophil Antifungal Defense and Myelopoiesis in Cyclosporine A Treated and NFATc1LysM Mice
2015
Abstract Background and Aims: Immunodeficient patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are heavily threatened by opportunistic fungal infections like invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA), partly due to immunosuppressive medication e.g. by calcineurin inhibitors like cyclosporine A (CsA) or tacrolimus. It is well known that the nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is an important transcription factor downstream of calcineurin in the adaptive immune system especially in T cells. Additionally, there is a growing body of evidence that NFAT also plays a substantial role in innate immune response against invasive fungal diseases by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), as…
Memorial José Vidal Beneyto
2010
Increased immunosuppressive function of CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)GITR+ T regulatory cells from NFATc2((-/-)) mice controls allergen-induced experimental …
2012
The expansion of effector T cells is tightly controlled by transcription factors like nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family members that mediate early intracellular responses to T cell receptor-mediated signals. In this study we show that, after allergen challenge, NFATc2((-/-)) mice had augmented number of functionally intact CD4(+)CD25(++)GITR(++) T regulatory (T regs) cells in the lung. Anti-GITR antibody treatment inhibited T regulatory cell function and enhanced the number of activated lung CD4(+) T cells associated with increased IL-2 and pSTAT-5 in the airways of NFATc2((-/-)) mice in experimental allergic asthma. This agonistic treatment led to increased inflammation in …
Cyclic AMP-induced Chromatin Changes Support the NFATc-mediated Recruitment of GATA-3 to the Interleukin 5 Promoter
2008
Elevated intracellular cyclic AMP levels, which suppress the proliferation of naive T cells and type 1 T helper (Th1) cells are a property of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and regulatory T cells. While cyclic AMP signals interfere with the IL-2 promoter induction, they support the induction of Th2-type genes, in particular of il-5 gene. We show here that cyclic AMP signals support the generation of three inducible DNase I hypersensitive chromatin sites over the il-5 locus, including its promoter region. In addition, cyclic AMP signals enhance histone H3 acetylation at the IL-5 promoter and the concerted binding of GATA-3 and NFATc to the promoter. This is facilitated by direct protein-protein inte…
Effetti di differenti metodi irrigui e volumi di adacquamento sullo stato idrico e sullo sviluppo vegetativo estivo di piante di agrumi
2020
Negli ultimi decenni, per massimizzare l’efficienza d’uso della risorsa idrica in agricoltura, si è cercato di migliorare le performance degli impianti di distribuzione oltre che implementare strategie di gestione che prevedano l’applicazione di condizioni di deficit idrico (DI) durante specifiche fasi del ciclo fenologico delle colture. Per l’applicazione di tali strategie è necessaria la conoscenza specifica del sistema suolo-pianta-atmosfera, in modo da evitare effetti negativi sullo sviluppo vegetativo e di conseguenza sulle produzioni. Obiettivo del lavoro è stato quello di valutare gli effetti di differenti modalità di distribuzione dell’acqua irrigua e volumi di adacquamento sullo st…
Stato, rivoluzione e violenza simbolica. Una lettura à la Bourdieu dell’insorgenza cilena
2023
The essay is part of a book that aims to rediscover and enhance Pierre Bourdieu's contribution to the legal philosophy. Clelia Bartoli's paper takes up the French sociologist's theory of the State outlined during courses held at the College de France in 1989/1990 and 1990/1992. Bourdieu eschewed an intellectual fashion of his time that pushed historians, political scientists, lawyers and sociologists to examine the causes and reasons, evolutions and epilogues of revolutions, at the expense, however, of what is happening on the background: the dull, muffled and repetitive order of things. Bourdieu believed that permanence more than change, what is obvious more than what is eccentric, the ord…