Search results for "NGS"
showing 10 items of 6306 documents
Columnar aerosol properties in a Northeastern Atlantic site (Plymouth, United Kingdom) by means of ground based skyradiometer data during years 2000-…
2012
Between 2000 and 2008, columnar optical and radiative properties were measured at the Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), UK (50° 21.95'N, 4° 8.85'W) using an automatic Prede POM01L sun-sky photometer. The database was analyzed for aerosol optical properties using the SKYRAD radiative inversion algorithm and calibrated using the in situ SKYIL calibration method. Retrievals include aerosol optical depth, ångström wavelength exponent, aerosol volume distribution, refractive index and single scattering albedo. The results show that the Plymouth site is characterized by low values of aerosol optical depth with low variability (0.18 ± 0.08 at 500 nm) and a mean annual ångström exponent of 1.03 ± 0…
A New Method for Determining the Ångström Turbidity Coefficient from Broadband Filter Measurements
2000
Abstract In this work, a new method for determining Angstrom turbidity coefficients is presented. This method is based on broadband filter irradiance measurements. By combining measurements obtained with different filters it is possible to obtain a single value of the turbidity coefficient representative of the whole measurement range of the pyrheliometer. The results provided by this new method are compared with the original Angstrom method and turbidity coefficient values derived by spectroradiometric measurements. The results reproduce the actual values, as measured by a spectroradiometer, better than the previous best correlation did, thus demonstrating the advantage of analyzing the op…
Speciation of Sb in airborne particulate matter, vehicle brake linings, and brake pad wear residues
2013
Insights into the speciation of Sb in samples of brake linings, brake pad wear residues, road dust, and atmospheric particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5 were obtained combining several well established and advanced characterization techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy e energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy (SR-XAS). The advantage of SR-XAS is that samples do not undergo any chemical treatment prior to measurements, thus excluding possible alterations. These analyses revealed that the samples of wheel rims dust, road dust, and atmospheric particulate matter are composed…
Application of aerosol optical properties to estimate aerosol type from ground-based remote sensing observation at urban area of northeastern China
2015
Abstract Aerosol optical properties were derived from ground-based sunphotometer observations between 2009-2013 at three urban sites of Shenyang, Anshan, Fushun in northeastern China. The annual means for extinction aerosol optical depths (EAOD) at 500 nm were 0.57±0.38, 0.52±0.35, and 0.41±0.31 at Shenyang, Anshan, Fushun, respectively. The corresponding annual means for the extinction Angstrom exponents (EAE) computed for the wavelengths of 440 and 870 nm were 0.86±0.32, 0.86±0.34 and 0.91±0.35, respectively, indicating that urban area of Northeast China were affected by both coarse and fine particles. Hygroscopic growth in summer and incursions of dust aerosols in spring were evidently r…
How effective are the vegetated surfaces for the CO2 sequestration? Analyzing parameters and methods
2021
Human activities are severe sources of greenhouse gases and, particularly, of CO 2 . This trend, according with the highly demanding criteria released by the international institutions, must be suitably cut, in order of turning the pollutant emissions within limits that will guarantee a sustainable and environmentally safe development of the human species. Apart the measures that are since long time usually implemented in the technological systems, other interventions should be properly adopted in supporting the sustainability of the anthropic activities. These actions mainly apply to the so-called bioclimatic and passive measures and, particularly, could usefully refer to the plantation of…
Nano photoelectron ioniser chip using LaB6 for ambient pressure trace gas detection
2012
A detector including a nanoscaled ioniser chip that surmounts the limitation of conventional photo ionisation detectors is presented. Here, ionisable gaseous substances can be detected by photoelectrons accelerated to the ionisation potential of the incoming gaseous molecules. Thin lanthanum hexaboride (LaB"6) films deposited by pulsed laser technique (PLD) serve as the air stable photocathode material representing the basis of the ioniser chip of the detector. Besides the analysis of the emission behaviour of the photocathode in vacuum and at atmospheric pressure, the detection of different volatile alcohols using the detector with a low-energy UV LED instead of a PID (VUV photon source) w…
Autoinhibition of nicotinic release of noradrenaline from postganglionic sympathetic nerves
1970
1. The effects of nicotine, DMPP (1,1-dimethylphenylpiperazine) and acetylcholine (plus atropine) on the isolated rabbit heart were investigated. Heart rate, amplitude of contraction, coronary flow and output of noradrenaline into the perfusate were recorded. Noradrenaline was estimated fluorimetrically. 2. All nicotinic drugs evoked a dose-dependent output of noradrenaline and increased the rate and the amplitude of contraction. Increases of heart rate in response to nicotine and DMPP and increases of amplitude of contraction in response to all nicotinic drugs were clearly related to the output of noradrenaline. 3. The dose-response curves of the noradrenaline output evoked by nicotine, DM…
Simulation Assessment of Cognitive Readiness
2013
Simulation-based scenarios are used in different approaches for research on complex problem-solving processes. The micro-world approach in this respect has become well known. Despite its attractiveness, there still are concerns about the validity that can be achieved in measuring cognitive functions by means of this method. The chapter refers to an alternative. Quasi-experimental simulations are applied to indicate the individual’s underlying capacity to function in complex, dynamic scenarios. Typically participants get deeply involved in the defined task, resulting in high motivation. The participants’ responses, within the ongoing events, mirror their performance in real-world tasks which…
Satisfaction and Destination Loyalty
2005
ABSTRACT First-time and repeat tourists engage in different tourism experience with a destination. Based on previous studies, the main purpose of this research is to investigate how tourists' previous experience with a tourist destination influences on the satisfaction evaluation, destination loyalty and destination attractiveness. An empirical study is carried out among 806 tourists visiting Calpe, a Spanish tourist destination, in the summer of 2000. Research findings evidence that the level of satisfaction and the number of past visits considerably influence tourists' intentions to make repeat visits.
Dissociative adsorption of water on Au/MgO/Ag(001) from first principles calculations
2015
Abstract The molecular and dissociative adsorption of water on a Ag-supported 1 ML, 2 ML and 3 ML-a six atomic layer-thick MgO films with a single Au adatom is investigated using density functional theory calculations. The obtained results are compared to a bulk MgO(001) surface with an Au atom. On thin films the negatively charged Au strengthens the binding of the polar water molecule due to the attractive Au–H interaction. The adsorption energy trends of OH and H with respect to the film thickness depend on an adsorption site. In the case OH or H binds atop Au on MgO/Ag(001), the adsorption becomes more exothermic with the increasing film thickness, while the reverse trend is seen when th…