Search results for "NIP"

New constraints of QCD matter from improved Bayesian parameter estimation with the latest LHC data

2022

Transport properties of the matter created in heavy-ion collisions, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), contain essential information about quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this talk, we present our latest study in inferring the transport properties of QGP by an improved Bayesian analysis using the CERN Large Hadron Collider Pb-Pb data. The uncertainties of the extracted properties are reduced by adding new observables sensitive to specific shear and bulk viscosity, reflecting mostly nonlinear hydrodynamic responses. The analysis also reveals that higher-order harmonic flows and their correlations have a higher sensitivity to the transport properties than other observables. This observation shows…

Kinematic dependence of azimuthal anisotropies in p+Au, d+Au, and 3He+Au at √sNN = 200 GeV

2022

There is strong evidence for the formation of small droplets of quark-gluon plasma in p/d/3He+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and in p+p/Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. In particular, the analysis of data at RHIC for different geometries obtained by varying the projectile size and shape has proved insightful. In the present analysis, we find excellent agreement with the previously published PHENIX at RHIC results on elliptical and triangular flow with an independent analysis via the two-particle correlation method, which has quite different systematic uncertainties and an independent code base. In addition, the results are extended to other detector c…

Multi-strange baryon production at mid-rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV

2014

The production of − and − baryons and their anti-particles in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV has been measured using the ALICE detector. The transverse momentum spectra at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.5) for charged and hyperons have been studied in the range 0.6 < pT < 8.0 GeV/c and 1.2 < pT < 7.0 GeV/c, respectively, and in several centrality intervals (from the most central 0–10% to the most peripheral 60–80% collisions). These spectra have been compared with the predictions of recent hydrodynamic models. In particular, the Kraków and EPOS models give a satisfactory description of the data, with the latter covering a wider pT range. Mid-rapidity yields, integrated over pT, have been determ…

Charged-particle multiplicity fluctuations in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

2021

Measurements of event-by-event fluctuations of charged-particle multiplicities in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV using the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented in the pseudorapidity range |η|<0.8 and transverse momentum 0.2<2.0 GeV/c. The amplitude of the fluctuations is expressed in terms of the variance normalized by the mean of the multiplicity distribution. The η and pT dependences of the fluctuations and their evolution with respect to collision centrality are investigated. The multiplicity fluctuations tend to decrease from peripheral to central collisions. The results are compared to those obtained from HIJING and AMPT Monte Carlo event generators…

Polarization of Λ and ¯Λ Hyperons along the Beam Direction in Pb-Pb Collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

2022

The polarization of the Λ and ¯Λ hyperons along the beam (z) direction, Pz, has been measured in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02TeV recorded with ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The largest contribution to Pz comes from elliptic flow induced vorticity and can be characterized by the second Fourier sine coefficient Pz,s2=⟨Pzsin(2φ−2Ψ2)⟩, where φ is the hyperon azimuthal emission angle, and Ψ2 is the elliptic flow plane angle. We report the measurement of Pz,s2 for different collision centralities, and in the 30-50% centrality interval as a function of the hyperon transverse momentum and rapidity. The Pz,s2 is positive similarly as measured by the STAR Collaboration in Au-Au collisi…

Systematic study of nuclear effects in p+Al, p+Au, d+Au, and 3He+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV using π0 production

2022

The PHENIX Collaboration presents a systematic study of inclusive π0 production from p+p, p+Al, p+Au, d+Au, and 3He+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV. Measurements were performed with different centrality selections as well as the total inelastic, 0–100%, selection for all collision systems. For 0–100% collisions, the nuclear-modification factors, RxA, are consistent with unity for pT above 8GeV/c, but exhibit an enhancement in peripheral collisions and a suppression in central collisions. The enhancement and suppression characteristics are similar for all systems for the same centrality class. It is shown that for high-pT−π0 production, the nucleons in the d and 3He interact mostly independe…

Global analysis of nuclear PDFs with LHC vector boson, single inclusive hadron and heavy quark data

2022

We discuss the two most recent global analyses of nuclear parton distribution functions within the nCTEQ approach. LHC data on W/Z-boson, single-inclusive hadron and heavy quark/quarkonium production are shown to not only significantly reduce the gluon uncertainty down to x≥10−5, but to also influence the strange quark density. The latter is further constrained by neutrino deep-inelastic scattering and charm dimuon production data, whose consistency with neutral-current experiments is also re-evaluated. peerReviewed

Improving Bayesian parameter estimation with the latest RHIC and LHC data including a new initial conditions model

2023

Tietoturvan ihmiselementti : sosiaalinen manipulointi

2017

Tämän tutkielman aiheena on sosiaalinen manipulointi, tietoturvan ihmiselementti ja sen huomioon ottaminen ja hyökkäysten ehkäiseminen yrityksen tai organisaation tietoturvassa. Sosiaalisella manipuloinnilla tarkoitetaan tutkielman kontekstissa tietojärjestelmän käyttäjiin kohdistuvaa manipulointia, jonka tavoitteena on informaation keruu tai tietojärjestelmään murtautuminen. Aihetta on tärkeää tutkia, sillä useat tietoturva-asiantuntijat ovat yhtä mieltä siitä, että merkittävin tietojärjestelmän tietoturvauhka on sen käyttäjät ja heidän tietoturvallisuuden näkökulmasta tekemät inhimilliset erehdykset. Sosiaalinen manipulointi kohdistuu juuri tähän tietoturvan heikkouteen. Tutkielman tuloks…

Käyttäjän manipulointi organisaation tietoturvauhkana

2016

Tämän tutkielman aiheena on käyttäjän manipulointi organisaation tietoturvauhkana. Käyttäjän manipulointi (engl. social engineering) viittaa organisaation henkilöstön inhimillisiin piirteisiin tietoturvariskin tekijänä. Vahva tekninen tietoturvantaso suojaa organisaatiota verkon välityksellä yritetyiltä tietomurroilta, mutta järjestelmien käyttäjien inhimilliset heikkoudet jäävät usein huomiotta. Tutkielmassa kuvaillaan, kuinka käyttäjän manipulointi toimii tietoturvaa uhkaavana tekijänä, sekä kuinka organisaatio voi varautua manipulointia hyödyntäviä hyökkäyksiä vastaan. Tutkielman tavoitteena on tunnistaa tekijät, jotka mahdollistavat käyttäjään kohdistuvan manipuloinnin, sekä keinot, joi…