Search results for "NORTH"

Expression of synapsin I gene in primary cultures of differentiating rat cortical neurons

1995

Synapsin I is a neuron-specific protein which is present in two isoforms, Ia and Ib. In the last few years this protein has been demonstrated to play a central role in the regulation of neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity. In this paper the developmental expression of this protein has been investigated in primary neuronal cultures from fetal rat brain cortices. The presence of thyroid hormone in the culture medium stimulates an early expression of the protein without exerting any effect at the level of mRNA transcription and accumulation. These observations implicate a T3-dependent regulation of this neuron-specific gene at the level of mRNA translation. © 1995 Plenum Publishin…

Expression of retinoic acid nuclear receptors in the mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line PCC7-Mz1

1992

Mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line PCC7-Mz1 can serve as a model of mammalian neural development [1989, J. Cell. Biol. 109, 2481-2493]. Upon exposure to all-trans retinoic acid (RA), Mz1 cells differentiate into a stable pattern of neurons, astroglia and fibroblasts whereas variants of the parental cell line either are restricted in their patterns of derivatives or do not respond at all to RA. Using gene probes specific for the alpha 1, alpha 2 and beta 2 isoforms of the retinoic acid nuclear receptor, we have studied by Northern blot analysis the expression of these transcription factors in uninduced and induced cells of clone Mz1 and in variants with different developmental potential. al…

The Samjiyon Orchestra as a North Korean Means for Gender Based Cultural Diplomacy

2020

In 2018 it appeared that a peace process on the Korean Peninsula had got underway. Lots of publicity was produced on inter-Korean relations and many types of messages and diplomatic actors started to move across the border with South Korea. One important element in this process was cultural diplomacy, conducted partly by athletes and cheering squads during the Pyeongchang Winter Olympic Games, and partly by musical ensembles. Selection of the Samjiyon Orchestra for the Pyeongchang events sheds light on the kind of image the North Korean leadership wanted to display of the country on the international stage. This article analyses the characteristics of the orchestra, where it came from, and …

Fine mapping of the 2p11 dyslexia locus and exclusion of TACR1 as a candidate gene.

2003

Developmental dyslexia, or reading disability, is a multigenic complex disease for which at least five loci, i.e. DYX1-3 and DYX5-6, have been clearly identified from the human genome. To date, DYX1C1 is the only dyslexia candidate gene cloned. We have previously reported linkage to 2p11 and 7q32 in 11 Finnish pedigrees. Here, we report the fine mapping of the approximately 40-cM linked region from chromosome 2 as we increased marker density to one per 1.8 cM. Linkage was supported with the highest NPL score of 3.0 (P=0.001) for marker D2S2216. Association analysis using the six pedigrees showing linkage pointed to marker D2S286/rs3220265 (P value0.001) in the near vicinity of D2S2216. We w…

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease—in vitro culture of cyst-lining epithelial cells

1992

The major form of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in humans is linked to the PKD1 gene on chromosome 16p. The identity of the gene and the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are not yet defined. Cyst-lining epithelial cells derived from a polycystic kidney were successfully grown in culture and designated MZ-PKD-1 cells. By linkage analysis, the related pedigree of the nephrectomized patient could be linked to the PKD1 gene on chromosome 16p. Thus, these cells exhibit the genotype of a mutated PKD1 gene and represent an in vitro culture model for ADPKD involving chromosome 16p. The antigenic phenotype was characterized immunohistologically by epithelial differentiation …

Functional Molecular Biodiversity: Assessing the Immune Status of Two Sponge Populations (Suberites domuncula) on the Molecular Level

2004

.  Porifera (sponges) are sessile filter feeders living primarily in the marine environment. In this study the population diversity of one species, the demosponge Suberites domuncula, has been investigated in an isolated area, the Limski Canal (LC) near Rovinj (Croatia; Mediterranean Sea), in comparison to that in the open sea (OS), only 10–20 km apart from the LC. The immune competence of the S. domuncula specimens was studied in response to exposure to the bacterial endotoxin LPS. The level of phosphorylation of the p38 kinase from specimens collected in LC is significantly lower than that of OS animals. To confirm the biochemical data on the molecular level, the technique of identificati…

Comparative phylogeography of the Veronica alpina complex in Europe and North America

2006

The Veronica alpina complex comprises eight species of alpine habitats over a wide range of mountain systems in the Northern Hemisphere. The occurrence of sympatric species in the European and North American mountain systems allowed us not only to investigate the effect of the ice ages on intraspecific phylogeographical patterns and genetic diversity in different continents of the Northern Hemisphere, but also to compare these patterns in closely related species. Plastid DNA trnL-F sequences and AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) fingerprints were used to infer the phylogenetic history of the group and phylogeographical patterns within species. Hybrid origin of tetraploid eastern…

Impairment of TGF-β signaling in T cells increases susceptibility to experimental autoimmune hepatitis in mice

2002

In autoimmune hepatitis, strong TGF-beta1 expression is found in the inflamed liver. TGF-beta overexpression may be part of a regulatory immune response attempting to suppress autoreactive T cells. To test this hypothesis, we determined whether impairment of TGF-beta signaling in T cells leads to increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH). Transgenic mice of strain FVB/N were generated expressing a dominant-negative TGF-beta type II receptor in T cells under the control of the human CD2 promoter/locus control region. On induction of EAH, transgenic mice showed markedly increased portal and periportal leukocytic infiltrations with hepatocellular necroses compared wit…

16S rRNA sequences as diagnostic tools to elucidate potential symbiotic relationships between bacteria and the marine sponge Halichondria panicea : r…

1999

A new method for the mapping of 5' ends of RNAs.

2008

In this article, we describe a new procedure to map 5' ends of RNAs. The procedure consists in the use of specific RNase H digestion of a hybrid formed by the RNA and a complementary DNA oligonucleotide. Northern blot hybridization of the resulting RNA fragment allows an accurate measurement of its length. Although we generally use this procedure as a control of previously performed primer extension analyses, the absence of nonspecific bands, which often occur in primer extensions on RNA templates with extended secondary structures, suggests that our method may be preferable when these difficult templates are analyzed.