Search results for "NSC"
showing 10 items of 5810 documents
Acceptability, attitudes and knowledge towards Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) among psychiatrists in France
2020
Abstract Background Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques are becoming a part of psychiatrists’ therapeutic arsenal. Proof of TMS effectiveness and its indications are becoming clearer. While international recommendations exist, and many countries have already recognized the use of these techniques, the French situation is peculiar since no recommendation has been published by the High Authority of Health. Consequently, those techniques are not reimbursed by the healthcare service, few practitioners are trained, some are criticized for using it, and practices remain very heterogeneous. It is therefore important to investigate what slows down the development of these techniques. The obje…
Endogenous levels of mRNA for IFNs and IFN-related genes in hepatic biopsies of chronic HCV-infected and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients.
2003
To investigate the intra-hepatic activation of the IFN system in patients affected by chronic HCV-infection in comparison with that observed in a non-infectious liver disease such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, we measured the liver steady state mRNA levels of interferon-alpha, interferon-beta and interferon-gamma as well as of IFN-related genes (IFNAR-1, STAT1alpha, PKR, 2-5 AS, IRF-1, ICE and IL-18). In HCV-infected subjects, possible correlations of these parameters with viral load and liver injury were also analyzed. Twenty-four chronic untreated HCV-infected subjects and seven patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis were enrolled in the study. Liver biopsies were graded accordin…
Sequential transcriptome analysis of human liver cancer indicates late stage acquisition of malignant traits
2014
Background & Aims Human hepatocarcinogenesis is as a multi-step process starting from dysplastic lesions to early carcinomas (eHCC) that ultimately progress to HCC (pHCC). However, the sequential molecular alterations driving malignant transformation of the pre-neoplastic lesions are not clearly defined. This lack of information represents a major challenge in the clinical management of patients at risk. Methods We applied next-generation transcriptome sequencing to tumor-free surrounding liver (n=7), low- (n=4) and high-grade (n=9) dysplastic lesions, eHCC (n=5) and pHCC (n=3) from 8 HCC patients with hepatitis B infection. Integrative analyses of genetic and transcriptomic changes were pe…
Evaluation of the autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene mutations in a cohort of Italian patients with autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectoderma…
2009
Summary Objective Autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal-dystrophy (APECED) is a rare syndrome characterized by chronic candidiasis, chronic hypoparathyroidism and Addison's disease. APECED has been associated with mutations in autoimmune regulator (AIRE) gene. Our aim is to perform a genetic analysis of the AIRE gene in Italian APECED patients and in their relatives. Design AIRE mutations were determined by DNA sequencing in all subjects. Patients were tested for clinical autoimmune or non-autoimmune diseases, or for organ and non-organ specific autoantibodies. Patients A total of 24 Italian patients with APECED (15 from the Venetian region, 2 from Southern-Tyrol, 4 from…
Effect of Age and Lipoperoxidation in Rat and Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells
2020
A wide range of clinical applications in regenerative medicine were opened decades ago with the discovery of adult stem cells. Highly promising adult stem cells are mesenchymal stem/stromal cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSCs), primarily because of their abundance and accessibility. These cells have multipotent properties and have been used extensively to carry out autologous transplants. However, the biology of these cells is not entirely understood. Among other factors, the regeneration capacity of these cells will depend on both their capacity of proliferation/differentiation and the robustness of the biochemical pathways that allow them to survive under adverse conditions like thos…
Training the Motor Cortex by Observing the Actions of Others During Immobilization
2014
International audience; Limb immobilization and nonuse are well-known causes of corticomotor depression. While physical training can drive the recovery from nonuse-dependent corticomotor effects, it remains unclear if it is possible to gain access to motor cortex in alternative ways, such as through motor imagery (MI) or action observation (AO). Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to study the excitability of the hand left motor cortex in normal subjects immediately before and after 10 h of right arm immobilization. During immobilization, subjects were requested either to imagine to act with their constrained limb or to observe hand actions performed by other individuals. A third gro…
Comparison of two different techniques of fibreoptic intubation
2009
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The application of analgesics and sedatives during fibreoptic intubation (FOI) may result in a transient decrease in arterial oxygen saturation.This study evaluates two different techniques of FOI and respective effects on procedural duration, arterial oxygen saturation, and coughing by the patient. METHODS Thirty-four patients received a standardized conscious sedation with fentanyl (1.5 microg kg(-1)) and midazolam (12.5 microg kg(-1)).All patients were randomly allocated to one of the following techniques: the 'vaporization' (VAP) technique included four applications of 2 ml lidocaine 2% administered through the working channel of the fibrescope supplying an oxyg…
Modulation of intracortical inhibition induced by low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
2001
We studied the changes of duration of subsequent silent periods (SPs) during repetitive magnetic stimulation (rTMS) trains of ten stimuli delivered at low (1 Hz) and high (7 Hz) frequencies. The effects at different intensities of stimulation (motor threshold, MT, 115% and 130% above the MT) were also evaluated. rTMS was performed in eight healthy subjects with a figure-of-eight coil placed over the hand motor area. The SP was recorded from abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscle during a voluntary contraction of 30% of maximum effort. rTMS at 1-Hz frequency progressively decreased the duration of SP, whereas an alternating pattern of smaller and larger values was observed during trains at 7-…
Intracortical inhibition and facilitation in human facial motor area: difference between upper and lower facial area.
2001
Objective: To investigate the intracortical inhibitory and excitatory systems in the motor cortical representation of upper and lower facial muscles. Methods: Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to 7 healthy volunteers, with the interstimulus interval (ISI) between the conditioning stimulus (CS) and test stimulus, varied from 1 to 20 ms. CS was set at 90% of motor threshold. Muscle evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from first dorsal interosseus (FDI), orbicularis oculi (o. oculi) and mentalis muscles. Result: TMS evoked MEPs in o. oculi on both ipsi- and contralateral sides in all subjects. In the paired-pulse study, MEP amplitude in the mentalis decreased …
Grammatical distinctions in the left frontal cortex
2001
Abstract Selective deficits in producing verbs relative to nouns in speech are well documented in neuropsychology and have been associated with left hemisphere frontal cortical lesions resulting from stroke and other neurological disorders. The basis for these impairments is unresolved: Do they arise because of differences in the way grammatical categories of words are organized in the brain, or because of differences in the neural representation of actions and objects? We used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to suppress the excitability of a portion of left prefrontal cortex and to assess its role in producing nouns and verbs. In one experiment subjects generated real w…