Search results for "Names"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Dispersion Interactions between Neutral Atoms and the Quantum Electrodynamical Vacuum

2018

Dispersion interactions are long-range interactions between neutral ground-state atoms or molecules, or polarizable bodies in general, due to their common interaction with the quantum electromagnetic field. They arise from the exchange of virtual photons between the atoms, and, in the case of three or more atoms, are not additive. In this review, after having introduced the relevant coupling schemes and effective Hamiltonians, as well as properties of the vacuum fluctuations, we~outline the main properties of dispersion interactions, both in the nonretarded (van der Waals) and retarded (Casimir--Polder) regime. We then discuss their deep relation with the existence of the vacuum fluctuation…

Electromagnetic fieldHigh Energy Physics - TheoryPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Field (physics)General MathematicsVan der Waals forceFOS: Physical sciencesVirtual particleCasimir-Polder interactionGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmologyvacuum energyCasimir–Polder interactionssymbols.namesakeMany-body dispersion interactionVacuum energyQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)Computer Science (miscellaneous)Vacuum fluctuation010306 general physicsvacuum fluctuationsQuantum fluctuationPhysicsQuantum Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicslcsh:Mathematicsmany-body dispersion interactionslcsh:QA1-939Unruh effectHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Chemistry (miscellaneous)symbolsvan der Waals forcesvan der Waals forceQuantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Van der Waals and resonance interactions between accelerated atoms in vacuum and the Unruh effect

2017

We discuss different physical effects related to the uniform acceleration of atoms in vacuum, in the framework of quantum electrodynamics. We first investigate the van der Waals/Casimir-Polder dispersion and resonance interactions between two uniformly accelerated atoms in vacuum. We show that the atomic acceleration significantly affects the van der Waals force, yielding a different scaling of the interaction with the interatomic distance and an explicit time dependence of the interaction energy. We argue how these results could allow for an indirect detection of the Unruh effect through dispersion interactions between atoms. We then consider the resonance interaction between two accelerat…

Electromagnetic fieldHistoryField (physics)Vacuum stateFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)01 natural sciencesResonance (particle physics)General Relativity and Quantum CosmologyEducationsymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters010306 general physicsQuantum fluctuationPhysicsQuantum Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsInteraction energyComputer Science ApplicationsUnruh effectsymbolsAtomic physicsvan der Waals forceQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Dispersion Interactions Resonance interactions Vacuum field fluctuations Unruh effect.Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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Spontaneous emission of an atom near an oscillating mirror

2019

We investigate the spontaneous emission of one atom placed near an oscillating reflecting plate. We consider the atom modeled as a two-level system, interacting with the quantum electromagnetic field in the vacuum state, in the presence of the oscillating mirror. We suppose that the plate oscillates adiabatically, so that the time-dependence of the interaction Hamiltonian is entirely enclosed in the time-dependent mode functions, satisfying the boundary conditions at the plate surface, at any given time. Using time-dependent perturbation theory, we evaluate the transition rate to the ground-state of the atom, and show that it depends on the time-dependent atom-plate distance. We also show t…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)General MathematicsSpontaneous emissionVacuum stateFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakecavity quantum electrodynamics0103 physical sciencesAtomComputer Science (miscellaneous)Radiative transferSpontaneous emission010306 general physicsQuantumPhysicsQuantum Physicslcsh:MathematicsCavity quantum electrodynamicslcsh:QA1-939Cavity quantum electrodynamicChemistry (miscellaneous)symbolsdynamical environmentsAtomic physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)Dynamical environment
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Generalized Einstein-Maxwell field equations in the Palatini formalism

2013

We derive a new set of field equations within the framework of the Palatini formalism.These equations are a natural generalization of the Einstein-Maxwell equations which arise by adding a function $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{Q})$, with $\mathcal{Q}\equiv F^{\alpha\beta}F_{\alpha\beta}$ to the Palatini Lagrangian $f(R,Q)$.The result we obtain can be viewed as the coupling of gravity with a nonlinear extension of the electromagnetic field.In addition,a new method is introduced to solve the algebraic equation associated to the Ricci tensor.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsMaxwell fieldGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyGravitationFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)Nonlinear systemAlgebraic equationsymbols.namesakeGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologySpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsEinsteinMathematical PhysicsRicci curvatureMathematical physics
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Exactly solvable model of two three-dimensional harmonic oscillators interacting with the quantum electromagnetic field: The far-zone Casimir-Polder …

2005

We consider two three-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillators interacting with the quantum electromagnetic field in the Coulomb gauge and within dipole approximation. Using a Bogoliubov-like transformation, we can obtain transformed operators such that the Hamiltonian of the system, when expressed in terms of these operators, assumes a diagonal form. We are also able to obtain an expression for the energy shift of the ground state, which is valid at all orders in the coupling constant. From this energy shift the nonperturbative Casimir-Polder potential energy between the two oscillators can be obtained. When approximated to the fourth order in the electric charge, the well-known expressi…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsCoupling constantQuantum PhysicsFOS: Physical sciencesPotential energyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCasimir effectsymbols.namesakeBogoliubov transformationQuantum electrodynamicsQuantum mechanicsquantum electrodynamicssymbolsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Ground stateHarmonic oscillatorenergy shiftGauge fixingPhysical Review A
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Computation of the field diffracted by a local surface defect: application to tip–sample interaction in the photon scanning tunneling microscope

1996

We use a method based on the Fourier transform of the electromagnetic field to compute the field diffracted by a local deformation of a plane boundary surface. We give a complete development of each step of the technique. To show the interaction that exists between the probe of a near-field optical microscope and the observed sample, we use the model of a truncated cone-shaped tip above a rectangular surface defect. We compute the electrical intensity along a line located between the tip and the local surface defect. We show the influence of the polarization of the incident wave and the effect of the position of the tip with respect to the position of the surface defect.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsDiffractionPhotonbusiness.industryPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldlaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeOpticsFourier transformlawsymbolsNear-field scanning optical microscopeComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionScanning tunneling microscopebusinessJournal of the Optical Society of America A
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A Smoothed Particle Interpolation Scheme for Transient Electromagnetic Simulation

2006

In this paper, the fundamentals of a mesh-free particle numerical method for electromagnetic transient simulation are presented. The smoothed particle interpolation methodology is used by considering the particles as interpolation points in which the electromagnetic field components are computed. The particles can be arbitrarily placed in the problem domain: No regular grid, nor connectivity laws among the particles, have to be initially stated. Thus, the particles can be thickened only in distinct confined areas, where the electromagnetic field rapidly varies or in those regions in which objects of complex shape have to be simulated. Maxwell’s equations with the assigned boundary and initi…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsElectromagnetic (EM) transient analysiNumerical analysisMesh-free numerical techniqueSPHMathematical analysisFinite-difference time-domain methodNumerical MethodElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRegular gridsymbols.namesakeSmoothed particle interpolationSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaClassical mechanicsMaxwell's equationsElectromagnetismsymbolsParticleElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInterpolation
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Evaluation of time domain electromagnetic fields radiated by constant velocity moving particles traveling along an arbitrarily shaped cross-section w…

2012

[1] A technique for the accurate computation of the time domain electromagnetic fields radiated by a charged distribution traveling along an arbitrarily shaped waveguide region is presented. Based on the transformation (by means of the standard Fourier analysis) of the time-varying current density of the analyzed problem to the frequency domain, the resulting equivalent current is further convolved with the dyadic electric and magnetic Green’s functions. Moreover, we show that only the evaluation of the transverse magnetic modes of the structure is required for the calculation of fields radiated by particles traveling in the axial direction. Finally, frequency domain electric and magnetic f…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsField (physics)business.industryMathematical analysisCondensed Matter PhysicsCharged particlelaw.inventionMagnetic fieldsymbols.namesakeOpticslawFrequency domainGreen's functionsymbolsGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesTime domainElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessWaveguideRadio Science
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Single particle motion in a Penning trap: description in the classical canonical formalism

1992

This paper aims at the development of methods for the calculation of the characteristic frequencies of a Penning trap, taking into account deviations of the actual geometry from the ideal one, anharmonicities of the electric potential, misalignments and inhomogeneities of the magnetic field, additional time dependent electromagnetic fields, and so on. The paper starts by describing the motion of a single charged particle in an ideal hyperbolic Penning trap using the formalism of classical hamiltonian mechanics. The usefulness of rotating coordinates is pointed out, and the importance of conservation of canonical angular momentum is stressed. After transformation to action-angle variables th…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsHamiltonian mechanicsAngular momentumCondensed Matter PhysicsPenning trapAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCharged particleMagnetic fieldsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicssymbolsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Mathematical PhysicsMagnetosphere particle motionPhysica Scripta
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"Dynamical" interactions and gauge invariance

2009

Appreciating the classical understanding of the elementary particle the "dynamical" Poincare algebra is developed. It is shown that the "dynamical" Poincare algebra and the equations of motion of particles with arbitrary spin are gauge invariant and that gauge invariance and relativistic invariance stand on equal footings. A "dynamical" non-minimal interaction is constructed explicitly and the Rarita-Schwinger equation is considered in the framework of this "dynamical" interaction.

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsHigh Energy Physics - TheoryNuclear and High Energy PhysicsLorentz transformationHigh Energy Physics::LatticeAdjoint representationPlane waveFOS: Physical sciencesAnalysis of flowssymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Classical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)Dirac equationRarita–Schwinger equationsymbolsGauge theory
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