Search results for "Names"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Evanescent wave approximation for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians

2020

The counterpart of the rotating wave approximation for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians is considered, which allows for the derivation of a suitable effective Hamiltonian for systems with some states undergoing decay. In the limit of very high decay rates, on the basis of this effective description we can predict the occurrence of a quantum Zeno dynamics, which is interpreted as the removal of some coupling terms and the vanishing of an operatorial pseudo-Lamb shift.

Evanescent waverotating wave approximationeffective HamiltonianGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:Astrophysics01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesake0103 physical scienceslcsh:QB460-466non-Hermitian HamiltonianLimit (mathematics)quantum Zeno effect010306 general physicslcsh:ScienceMathematical physicsQuantum Zeno effectCouplingPhysicsQuantum PhysicsBasis (linear algebra)open quantum systemsEffective hamiltonian Non-hermitian hamiltonian Open quantum systems Quantum zeno effect Rotating wave approximationHermitian matrixlcsh:QC1-999symbolsRotating wave approximationlcsh:QHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)lcsh:Physics
researchProduct

Universal natural shapes: From unifying shape description to simple methods for shape analysis and boundary value problems

2012

Gielis curves and surfaces can describe a wide range of natural shapes and they have been used in various studies in biology and physics as descriptive tool. This has stimulated the generalization of widely used computational methods. Here we show that proper normalization of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm allows for efficient and robust reconstruction of Gielis curves, including self-intersecting and asymmetric curves, without increasing the overall complexity of the algorithm. Then, we show how complex curves of k-type can be constructed and how solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the Laplace equation on these complex domains can be derived using a semi-Fourier method. In all three …

Evolutionary algorithmlcsh:MedicineGeometryBioinformaticsCurvature[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Plant Genetics01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Non-Euclidean geometryApplied mathematics[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP]Boundary value problemBounday Value Problem0101 mathematicslcsh:ScienceBiologyMathematical ComputingGeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.dictionariesencyclopediasglossaries)030304 developmental biologyLaplace's equationPhysicsDirichlet problem0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryPhysicsApplied Mathematicslcsh:R010102 general mathematicsComputational Biology[INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Laplace equationModels TheoreticalGielis CurvesFourier analysisComputer Sciencesymbolslcsh:QEngineering sciences. TechnologyAlgorithmsMathematicsShape analysis (digital geometry)Research ArticleDevelopmental BiologyComputer Modeling
researchProduct

On new ways of group methods for reduction of evolution-type equations

2005

AbstractNew exact solutions of the evolution-type equations are constructed by means of a non-point (contact) symmetries. Also we analyzed the discrete symmetries of Maxwell equations in vacuum and decoupled ones to the four independent equations that can be solved independently.

Exact solutionGroup (mathematics)Independent equationApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisInhomogeneous electromagnetic wave equationEuler equationsSymmetrysymbols.namesakereaction-diffusion equationsExact solutions in general relativityMaxwell's equationsSimultaneous equationsHomogeneous spacesymbolsAnalysisMathematicsJournal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
researchProduct

The influence of Coulomb interaction screening on the excitons in disordered two-dimensional insulators.

2021

AbstractWe study the joint effect of disorder and Coulomb interaction screening on the exciton spectra in two-dimensional (2D) structures. These can be van der Waals structures or heterostructures of organic (polymeric) semiconductors as well as inorganic substances like transition metal dichalcogenides. We consider 2D screened hydrogenic problem with Rytova–Keldysh interaction by means of so-called fractional Scrödinger equation. Our main finding is that above synergy between screening and disorder either destroys the exciton (strong screening) or promote the creation of a bound state, leading to its collapse in the extreme case. Our second finding is energy levels crossing, i.e. the degen…

ExcitonScience02 engineering and technologyTwo-dimensional materials01 natural sciencesQuantum mechanicsArticlesymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesBound stateCoulomb010306 general physicsQuantumPhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryQRHeterojunction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectSemiconductorsymbolsMedicinevan der Waals force0210 nano-technologyDegeneracy (mathematics)businessTheoretical physicsScientific reports
researchProduct

Topology driven g-factor tuning in type-II quantum dots

2017

We investigate how the voltage control of the exciton lateral dipole moment induces a transition from singly to doubly connected topology in type-II InAs/GaAsxSb1−x quantum dots. The latter causes visible Aharonov-Bohm oscillations and a change of the exciton g factor, which are modulated by the applied bias. The results are explained in the frame of realistic →k⋅→p and effective Hamiltonian models and could open a venue for new spin quantum memories beyond the InAs/GaAs realm.

ExcitonVoltage controlGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyTopology01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)010306 general physicsQuantumPhysicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed Matter::OtherCiència dels materials021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectDipoleSemiconductorsQuantum dotSISTEMAS HAMILTONIANOSsymbols0210 nano-technologyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
researchProduct

A molecular electron density theory study of the insertion of CO into frustrated Lewis pair boron-amidines: a [4 + 1] cycloaddition reaction

2019

The insertion of CO into hydrogenated boron-amidine 1 yielding five-membered diazaborolone (5DAB) 3 has been studied within the molecular electron density theory (MEDT) at the DFT ωB97X-D/6-311G(d,p) level. This is a domino process comprised of two consecutive reactions: (i) the dehydrogenation of 1 yielding the frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) boron-amidine 4, which quickly equilibrates with four-membered diazaborolone (4DAB) 2; and (ii) the addition of CO into FLP 4, yielding the final 5DAB 3. Analysis of the Gibbs free energies indicates that the extrusion of H2 demands a high ΔG≠ of 28.6 kcal·mol-1, being endergonic by 6.7 kcal·mol-1. The subsequent addition of CO into FLP 4 presents a low Δ…

Exergonic reaction010405 organic chemistryChemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFrustrated Lewis pairCycloaddition0104 chemical sciencesGibbs free energyInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakeCrystallographyNucleophileElectrophilesymbolsLewis acids and basesCarbenoidDalton Transactions
researchProduct

Unveiling the Intramolecular Ionic Diels–Alder Reactions within Molecular Electron Density Theory

2021

The intramolecular ionic Diels–Alder (IIDA) reactions of two dieniminiums were studied within the Molecular Electron Density Theory (MEDT) at the ωB97XD/6-311G(d,p) computational level. Topological analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) of dieniminiums showed that their electronic structures can been seen as the sum of those of butadiene and ethaniminium. The superelectrophilic character of dieniminiums accounts for the high intramolecular global electron density transfer taking place from the diene framework to the iminium one at the transition state structures (TSs) of these IIDA reactions, which are classified as the forward electro density flux. The activation enthalpy ass…

Exergonic reaction010405 organic chemistryChemistryintramolecular ionic Diels–Alder reactionsmolecular electron density theorydieniminiumsIntermolecular forceIminiumIonic bondingGeneral Medicine010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesElectron localization function0104 chemical sciencesGibbs free energyChemistryCrystallographysymbols.namesakeglobal electron density transferIntramolecular forcesuperelectrophilessymbolsSingle bondQD1-999Chemistry
researchProduct

On thermoeconomics of energy systems at variable load conditions: integrated optimization of plant design and operation

2007

Abstract Thermoeconomics has been assuming a growing role among the disciplines oriented to the analysis of energy systems, its different methodologies allowing solution of problems in the fields of cost accounting, plant design optimisation and diagnostic of malfunctions. However, the thermoeconomic methodologies as such are particularly appropriate to analyse large industrial systems at steady or quasi-steady operation, but they can be hardly applied to small to medium scale units operating in unsteady conditions to cover a variable energy demand. In this paper, the fundamentals of thermoeconomics for systems operated at variable load are discussed, examining the cost formation process an…

ExergyEngineeringPrimary energyRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryThermoeconomics has been assuming a growing role among the disciplines oriented to the analysis of energy systems its different methodologies allowing solution of problems in the fields of cost accounting plant design optimisation and diagnostic of malfunctions. However the thermoeconomic methodologies as such are particularly appropriate to analyse large industrial systems at steady or quasisteady operation but they can be hardly applied to small to medium scale units operating in unsteady conditions to cover a variable energy demand. In this paper the fundamentals of thermoeconomics for systems operated at variable load are discussed examining the cost formation process and separately the cost fractions related to capital depreciation (which require additional distinctions with respect to plants in steady operation) and to exergy consumption. The relevant effects of the efficiency penalty due to off design operation on the exergetic cost of internal flows are also examined. An original algorithm is proposed for the integrated optimization of plant design and operation based on an analytical solution by the Lagrange multipliers method and on a multi-objective decision function expressed either in terms of net cash flow or primary energy saving. The method is suitable for application in complex energy systems such as ‘‘facilities of components of a same product’’ connected to external networks for power or heat distribution. For demonstrative purposes the proposed thermoeconomically aided optimization is performed for a grid connected trigeneration system to be installed in a large hotel.Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyCost accountingThermoeconomicsGridEnergy conservationVariable (computer science)symbols.namesakeFuel TechnologyNuclear Energy and EngineeringLagrange multipliersymbolsProcess engineeringbusinessSimulation
researchProduct

Determination of transport and kinetic properties in self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

2007

International audience; Exothermic reactions in solid powders are analyzed using the usual macroscopic modeling based on the heat transfer equation coupled to an Arrhenius type of dynamics. This problem have important applications in the synthesis of intermetallics and ceramic materials which occur when a high temperature reaction wave propagates throughout the system. Understanding the mechanism of such processes are thus crucial in mastering real laboratory experiments. We first analyze the model, both theoretically and numerically, for a set of representative parameters. We then use traditional data analyses procedures to estimate from the temperature profiles the same set of representat…

Exothermic reactionChemical substanceIntermetallics[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Self-propagating high-temperature synthesisThermodynamics02 engineering and technologyActivation energy010402 general chemistryKinetic energy01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakePowder metallurgyMaterials ChemistryThermal analysisThermal analysisArrhenius equationChemistryMechanical EngineeringMetals and AlloysMechanicsComputer simulation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciences[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Mechanics of MaterialsHeat transfer[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]symbols[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]Solid-state reactions0210 nano-technologyJournal of Alloys and Compounds
researchProduct

Interaction of Mo(CO) 6 and its derivative fragments with the Cu(001) surface: Influence on the decomposition process

2014

A theoretical study on the adsorption and decomposition of molybdenum carbonyl on the copper (001) surface is reported. The adsorption structures and energies of Mo(CO)n molecules (n = 1 … 6) are computed systematically using density functional theory with Van der Waals corrections. By analyzing the energies of the various conformations, the main factors that determine the stable adsorption geometry are identified. Insight into the thermodynamics of decomposition is gained by calculating the reaction energy for dissociation of Mo(CO)n into Mo(CO)n−1 and CO. In the gas phase, this reaction is highly endothermic for all n. On the Cu surface, however, removal of the first CO group (n = 6) beco…

Exothermic reactionChemistryChemical process of decompositionInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicsEndothermic processAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsDissociation (chemistry)symbols.namesakeAdsorptionMolybdenumDesorptionsymbolsPhysical chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryvan der Waals force
researchProduct