Search results for "Names"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Crushing of interstellar gas clouds in supernova remnants II. X-ray emission

2006

AIMS. We study and discuss the time-dependent X-ray emission predicted by hydrodynamic modeling of the interaction of a SNR shock wave with an interstellar gas cloud. The scope includes: 1) to study the correspondence between modeled and X-ray emitting structures, 2) to explore two different physical regimes in which either thermal conduction or radiative cooling plays a dominant role, and 3) to investigate the effects of the physical processes at work on the emission of the shocked cloud in the two different regimes. METHODS. We use a detailed hydrodynamic model, including thermal conduction and radiation, and explore two cases characterized by different Mach numbers of the primary shock: …

Shock wavePhysicsRadiative coolingAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and Astrophysicsshock wavesAstrophysicsRadiationThermal conductionAstrophysicsISM: cloudsCoronaX-rays: ISMShock (mechanics)Supernovasymbols.namesakeMach numberSpace and Planetary SciencehydrodynamicssymbolsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsISM: supernova remnants
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Incoherent Dispersive Shocks and Spectral Collapse

2014

We predict the existence of incoherent dispersive shock waves and collapse-like singularities that occur in the spectral evolution of incoherent optical waves propagating in a noninstantaneous nonlinear medium.

Shock wavePhysicsWavefrontTurbulenceIncoherent scatterComputational physicsNOsymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanicsNonlinear mediumsymbolsGravitational singularityRaman scatteringCoherence (physics)
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Shock-induced complex phase-space dynamics of strongly turbulent flows

2017

Shock waves have been thoroughly investigated during the last century in many different branches of physics. In conservative (Hamiltonian) systems the shock singularity is regularized by weak wave dispersion, thus leading to the formation of a rapidly and regular oscillating structure, usually termed in the literature dispersive shock wave (DSW), see e.g. [1]. Here, we show that this fundamental singular process of DSW formation can break down in a system of incoherent nonlinear waves. We consider the strong turbulent regime of a system of nonlocal nonlinear optical waves. We report theoretically and experimentally a characteristic transition: Strengthening the nonlocal character of the non…

Shock wavePhysicsspecklesElectric shockTurbulenceturbulenceBranches of physicsshock wavesmedicine.disease01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasNONonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsSingularityvortexPhase space0103 physical sciencesmedicinesymbols010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)shock waves turbulence speckles vortex
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High order accurate shock capturing schemes for two-component Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities in compressible magnetohydrodynamics

2011

We design a conservative and entropy satisfying numerical scheme to perform numerical simulations of two component Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instabilities in compressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We first formulate a conservative model of a two-component compressible MHD fluid ruled under two ideal gases with different adiabatic exponents. The formulation includes a level set function that allows to evolve the two components of the plasma in a conservative and consistent way. We present a set of examples including two-component Riemann problems and high Mach shock wave interactions with entropy contact waves that validate the high order accurate numerical scheme. We observe that turbulent r…

Shock wavePhysicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsMach numberTurbulencesymbolsCompressibilityPlasmaMechanicsMagnetohydrodynamicsAdiabatic processIdeal gas
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Radio polarization maps of shell-type SNRs II. Sedov models with evolution of turbulent magnetic field

2017

Polarized radio emission has been mapped with great detail in several Galactic supernova remnants (SNRs), but has not yet been exploited to the extent it deserves. We have developed a method to model maps of the Stokes parameters for shell-like SNRs during their Sedov evolution phase. At first, 3-dimensional structure of a SNR has been computed, by modeling the distribution of the magnetohydrodynamic parameters and of the accelerated particles. The generation and dissipation of the turbulent component of magnetic field everywhere in SNR are also considered taking into account its interaction with accelerated particles. Then, in order to model the emission, we have used a generalization of t…

Shock waveRadiation mechanisms: non-thermalAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayAstrophysics01 natural sciencessymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesFaraday effectStokes parameters010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsISM: supernova remnantAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicDissipationAcceleration of particlePolarization (waves)Cosmic rayMagnetic fieldSupernovaShock waveSpace and Planetary SciencesymbolsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Spectral long-range interaction of temporal incoherent solitons.

2014

We study the interaction of temporal incoherent solitons sustained by a highly noninstantaneous (Raman-like) nonlinear response. The incoherent solitons exhibit a nonmutual interaction, which can be either attractive or repulsive depending on their relative initial distance. The analysis reveals that incoherent solitons exhibit a long-range interaction in frequency space, which is in contrast with the expected spectral short-range interaction described by the usual approach based on the Raman-like spectral gain curve. Both phenomena of anomalous interaction and spectral long-range behavior of incoherent solitons are described in detail by a long-range Vlasov equation.

Shock waveWave propagationIncoherent scatter01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakeOptics[ MATH.MATH-AP ] Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][NLIN.NLIN-PS]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciences[MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP][ NLIN.NLIN-PS ] Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Pattern Formation and Solitons [nlin.PS]010306 general physicsDispersion (water waves)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsbusiness.industrystatistical opticsVlasov equationAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Nonlinear systemsymbolsbusiness[ MATH.MATH-PR ] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR]Raman scatteringCoherence (physics)Optics letters
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Random wave run-up with a physically-based Lagrangian shoreline model

2014

Abstract In the present paper the run-up of random waves was calculated by means of a numerical method. In situ measurements based on a video imaging technique have been used for the validation of the present numerical model. The on-site run-up measurements have been carried out at Lido Signorino beach, near Marsala, Italy,along a transect, normal to the shore. A video camera and a linear array of rods have been used to obtain field data. Numerical simulations with a 1DH Boussinesq-type of model for breaking waves which takes into account the wave run-up by means of a Lagrangian shoreline model have been carried out. In such simulations random waves of given spectrum have been propagated in…

ShoreBoussinesq numerical modelgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryMeteorologyNumerical analysisBreaking waveVideo cameraGeneral Medicineirregular wave run-upGeodesyirregular wave run-up; Boussinesq numerical model; shorelineRandom waveslaw.inventionSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaFlumesymbols.namesakeshorelinelawsymbolsTransectGeologyLagrangianEngineering(all)
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Rapid parameter determination of discrete damped sinusoidal oscillations

2020

We present different computational approaches for the rapid extraction of the signal parameters of discretely sampled damped sinusoidal signals. We compare time- and frequency-domain-based computational approaches in terms of their accuracy and precision and computational time required in estimating the frequencies of such signals, and observe a general trade-off between precision and speed. Our motivation is precise and rapid analysis of damped sinusoidal signals as these become relevant in view of the recent experimental developments in cavity-enhanced polarimetry and ellipsometry, where the relevant time scales and frequencies are typically within the ∼1 − 10 µs and ∼1 − 100 MHz ranges, …

Signal Processing (eess.SP)Accuracy and precisionPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsAcousticsPolarimetryFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyApplied Physics (physics.app-ph)01 natural sciencesSignal010309 opticssymbols.namesakeOptics0103 physical sciencesFOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal ProcessingPhysicsbusiness.industrySpectral densityInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Physics - Applied Physics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMicrosecondFourier transformsymbols0210 nano-technologybusinessMatrix methodOptics (physics.optics)Physics - Optics
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Statistical Learning for End-to-End Simulations

2018

End-to-end mission performance simulators (E2ES) are suitable tools to accelerate satellite mission development from concet to deployment. One core element of these E2ES is the generation of synthetic scenes that are observed by the various instruments of an Earth Observation mission. The generation of these scenes rely on Radiative Transfer Models (RTM) for the simulation of light interaction with the Earth surface and atmosphere. However, the execution of advanced RTMs is impractical due to their large computation burden. Classical interpolation and statistical emulation methods of pre-computed Look-Up Tables (LUT) are therefore common practice to generate synthetic scenes in a reasonable…

Signal Processing (eess.SP)Earth observation010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyLinear interpolation01 natural sciencesSpectral lineComputational sciencesymbols.namesakeSampling (signal processing)Radiative transferFOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal ProcessingGaussian processInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEmulationGround-penetrating radarLookup tableRadiancesymbolsAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsInterpolation
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Physics-aware Gaussian processes in remote sensing

2018

Abstract Earth observation from satellite sensory data poses challenging problems, where machine learning is currently a key player. In recent years, Gaussian Process (GP) regression has excelled in biophysical parameter estimation tasks from airborne and satellite observations. GP regression is based on solid Bayesian statistics, and generally yields efficient and accurate parameter estimates. However, GPs are typically used for inverse modeling based on concurrent observations and in situ measurements only. Very often a forward model encoding the well-understood physical relations between the state vector and the radiance observations is available though and could be useful to improve pre…

Signal Processing (eess.SP)FOS: Computer and information sciences010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technologyStatistics - Applications01 natural sciencessymbols.namesakeFOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringApplications (stat.AP)Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal ProcessingGaussian processGaussian process emulator021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbusiness.industryEstimation theoryBayesian optimizationState vectorMissing dataBayesian statisticssymbolsGlobal Positioning SystembusinessAlgorithmSoftwareApplied Soft Computing
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