Search results for "Nebulizer"
showing 10 items of 30 documents
Asthma Control: The Right Inhaler for the Right Patient
2015
Inhaled therapy is the cornerstone of asthma management in that it optimizes the delivery of the medication to the site of action. The effectiveness of inhaled therapy is affected by the correct choice of the device and proper inhalation technique. In fact, this influences the drug delivery and distribution along the bronchial tree, including the most peripheral airways. In this context, accumulating evidence supports the contribution of small airways in asthma, and these have become an important target of treatment. In reality, the “ideal inhaler” does not exist, and not all inhalers are the same. Advances in technology has highlighted these differences, and have led to the design of new d…
Inhalation therapy devices for the treatment of obstructive lung diseases: the history of inhalers towards the ideal inhaler.
2020
Inhalation therapy allows conveying drugs directly into the airways. The devices used to administer inhaled drugs play a crucial role in the management of obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To ensure high bronchial deposition of the drug, a device should deliver a high proportion of fine particles, be easy to use, and provide constant and accurate doses of the active substance. Nowadays, four different types of inhalers are widely used: nebulizers, dry powder inhalers (DPIs), pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), and soft mist inhalers (SMIs). Nebulizers can be used by patients unable to use other inhalers. However, they require l…
Extension of the dynamic range of flame atomic absorption spectrometry using flow injection analysis with variable-volume dilution chambers
1996
Abstract A simple and inexpensive procedure is proposed for the extension of the dynamic range of flame atomic absorption spectrometry measurements using on-line dilution. The proposed methodology is based on the use of a manifold with two coupled dilution chambers and a zone injection system. The samples are prediluted in a closed system which includes a variable-volume mixing chamber (10–120 ml) and two injection valves. The samples are injected through one of these valves, and the other is employed to take 100 μl of prediluted samples which are then passed through a new dilution chamber (volume 1–10 ml) and aspirated by the nebulizer of the instrument. A third injection valve mounted in …
Affinity scale between a carrier and a drug in DPI studied by atomic force microscopy.
2002
The dry powder inhalers (DPIs) consist, in the most cases, of ordered mixture where the particles adhesion results of interactions between the drug and the carrier. Generally, one step of production process is the micronization of the drug particles in order to reduce the size for ordered mixing optimization. But this operation is known to partially create an amorphous surface. In this case, surrounding storage conditions, like relative humidity (RH), are able to modify the percentage of amorphous drug surface. The aim of this study was to investigate surface reactivity, surface energy and direct force measurements by atomic force microscopy (AFM) between lactose (carrier) and zanamivir (dr…
Inhalation solutions — Which ones may be mixed? Physico-chemical compatibility of drug solutions in nebulizers — Update 2013
2014
AbstractMany patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases rely on inhalation therapy with nebulizers. About 25% of patients who need to inhale several different drugs per day save time by mixing them for simultaneous inhalation. This review presents a comprehensive overview of the available data concerning physico-chemical compatibility of commonly mixed nebulizer solutions and suspensions. Information is based on our in vitro studies and a thorough literature search.Results indicate that many nebulizer solutions/suspensions are mixable without provoking incompatibilities. However, certain excipients contained in some of the tested drug products could be identified as a reason for i…
Genuair® Usability Test: Results of a National Public Survey of the Elderly
2016
Proper use of inhaler devices may be problematic in elderly patients due to age-related difficulties. A survey was administered to elderly patients to investigate the usability of the Genuair® device and patients' subjective viewpoint on the device. A representative sample of the Italian population aged ≥ 65 years was completed with a pre-defined sample of 89 patients with hand arthritis/arthrosis. Of 526 respondents, 88 were not self-sufficient. Only the replies of the 438 self-sufficient respondents were analyzed. A total of 107 participants (24%) reported having respiratory diseases, and 81 of these (76%) were users of inhaler devices. After the first test, the device was considered “pra…
Isotonic Saline Nebulization and Lung Function in Children With Mild Respiratory Ailments
2020
Nebulization with saline solution, although commonly used to alleviate respiratory symptoms, particularly in children, is often questioned concerning its effectiveness. In this study, we investigated the effects of isotonic saline nebulization on lung function in 40 children (mean age of 14±1 years) suffering from different types of airway disorders. Measurements were carried out directly before and up to 15 min after nebulization, for six days in a row, always on the same day time in the morning. The children were divided into two study groups according to the baseline ratio of forced expired volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), below and above 80 %. We found significant …
Effect of nebulized beclomethasone on airway inflammation and clinical status of children with allergic asthma and rhinitis: a randomized, double-bli…
2012
We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of nebulized beclomethasone dipropionate (nBDP) on both allergic asthma and rhinitis. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 40 children (mean age 10.7 ± 2.1 years) with allergic asthma and rhinitis received either nBDP (daily dose of 800 µg, administered twice daily) or placebo for 4 weeks (with a face mask), after a 2-week run-in period of clinical assessment. Nasal and oral fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurements together with pulmonary function tests, nasal and oral exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection for pH and interleukin-5 (IL-5) measurements as well as nasal and bronchial symptom scores were obtained at…
A comparison of the Enk Fiberoptic Atomizer Set(™) with boluses of topical anaesthesia for awake fibreoptic intubation.
2016
We compared the Enk Fiberoptic Atomizer Set(™) with boluses of topical anaesthesia administered via the working channel during awake fibreoptic tracheal intubation in 96 patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients who received topical anaesthesia via the atomiser, compared with boluses via the fibreoptic scope, reported a better median (IQR [range]) level of comfort: 1 (1-3 [1-10]) vs. 4 (2-6 [1-10]), p < 0.0001; experienced a reduced total number of coughs: 6 (3-10 [0-34]) vs. 11 (6-13 [0-25]), p = 0.0055; and fewer distinct coughing episodes: 7% vs. 27% respectively, p = 0.0133. The atomiser technique was quicker: 5 (3-6 [2-12]) min vs. 6 (5-7 [2-15]) min, p = 0.0009; and required less…
Impact of tiotropium + olodaterol on physical functioning in COPD: results of an open-label observational study
2016
R&uuml;diger Sauer,1 Michaela H&auml;nsel,2 Roland Buhl,3 Roman A Rubin,4 Marcel Frey,5 Thomas Glaab2,3 1Lung Centre Ulm, Ulm, Germany; 2Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH&nbsp;&amp; Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany; 3Pulmonary Department, Mainz University Hospital, Mainz, Germany; 4Pulmonary Specialist Practice, Wiesbaden, Germany; 5Biometrics, Alcedis GmbH, Gie&szlig;en, Germany Background: Maintaining and improving physical functioning is key to mitigating the cycle of deconditioning associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We evaluated the impact of free combination of the long-acting anticholinergic tiotropium plus the long-acting &beta;2-agonist ol…