Search results for "Neoadjuvant Therapy"
showing 10 items of 140 documents
Prognostic significance of miR-34a in Ewing sarcoma is associated with cyclin D1 and ki-67 expression.
2014
ABSTRACT Background At diagnosis, identification of reliable biological indicators of prognosis to allow stratification of patients according to different risks is an important but still unresolved aspect in the treatment of Ewing sarcoma (EWS) patients. This study aimed to explore the role of miR-34A expression on prognosis of EWS patients. Patients and methods Specimens from 109 patients with non-metastatic EWS treated at the Rizzoli Institute with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (protocols ISG/SSGIII, EW-1, EW-2, EW-REN2, EW-REN3, EW-PILOT) and 17 metastases were studied. Sixty-eight patients (62%) remained disease-free and 41 (38%) relapsed (median follow-up: 67 months, range 9–241 months). Ex…
The Influence of the Primary Tumor on the Long-term Results of Pulmonary Metastasectomy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
2011
OBJECTIVE To investigate one of the primary tumor (PT) on pulmonary metastasectomy (PM) for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and to define prognostic factors. METHODS Retrospective review of patients with pulmonary metastases from RCC from January 1999 through December 2008 was performed. All patients underwent PM with curative intend. TNM-classification, tumor stage and PT grade, disease-free-interval (DFI) from nephrectomy to the diagnosis of metastasis, systemic chemotherapy before surgical intervention, surgical procedures, morbidity, mortality, and survival were investigated. RESULTS One-hundred seven consecutive patients (age 61.5 ± 9.6 years) underwent PM. Morbidity and mortalit…
pT2 Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus: Early or Advanced Cancer?
2013
Background There is an increasing trend to include patients with esophageal carcinoma invading the muscularis propria (pT2) in neoadjuvant therapy regimens. But it is unclear which patients have prognostic benefit from this strategy. The aim of this study was to assess the prognosis and prognostic factors in patients with pT2 esophageal adenocarcinoma to further optimize treatment strategies. Methods Included were patients with pT2 esophageal adenocarcinoma treated operatively at three centers specializing in upper gastrointestinal surgery. There were 159 patients (139 male) without induction therapy; median age was 64.5 years. Survival was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. …
Local excision for more advanced rectal tumors
2008
Over the past 20 years, local excision (LE) of T1 rectal cancer was increasingly established and represents an oncologically established technique. In contrast, the situation for T2 tumors is less clear and has only been investigated in small patient collectives. LE for T2 tumors is thus discussed controversially.In addition to our own patients with T2 rectal cancer treated locally (n=40), we have analysed the local recurrence (LR) rates after LE alone (n=124), after immediate conventional radical reoperation (n=29), after adjuvant (chemo)-radiotherapy (n=294) and those after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) (n=269) using a PubMed search.LR rates of low-grade T2 tumors after R0 resectio…
Prophylactic chimera anterolateral thigh/vastus lateralis flap: preventing complications in high-risk head and neck reconstruction
2014
Purpose In high-risk head and neck cases treated with tumor resection and associated radical neck dissection, orocutaneous fistulas and wound breakdowns in the neck are relatively frequent and can have serious consequences, such as carotid blowout syndrome (CBS), the need for salvage reoperations, and prolonged recovery time. The authors present the application of a prophylactic chimeric anterolateral thigh (ALT) and vastus lateralis (VL) flap to prevent complications. Materials and Methods A retrospective review was performed of a historical group (96 patients) of patients with head and neck cancer treated with tumor resection, radical neck dissection, and microsurgical reconstruction of t…
Adjuvant vs. neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: the German trial CAO/ARO/AIO-94.
2003
Aim The standard treatment for patients with clinically resectable rectal cancer is surgery. Postoperative radiochemotherapy (RCT) is recommended for advanced disease (pT3/4 or pN+). In recent years, encouraging results of pre-operative radiotherapy have been reported. This prospective randomized phase-III-trial (CAO/ARO/AIO-94) compares the efficacy of neoadjuvant RCT to standard postoperative RCT. We report on the design of the study and first results with regard to toxicity of RCT and postoperative morbidity. Patients and methods Patients with locally advanced operable rectal cancer (uT3/4 or uN+, Mason CS III/IV) were randomly assigned to pre or postoperative RCT: A total dose of 50.4…
Avoidance of Overtreatment of Rectal Cancer by Selective Chemoradiotherapy: Results of the Optimized Surgery and MRI-Based Multimodal Therapy Trial.
2020
Background Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in patients with rectal cancer carries a high risk of adverse effects. The aim of this study was to examine the selective application of nCRT based on patient risk profile, as determined by MRI, to find the optimal range between undertreatment and overtreatment. Study Design In this prospective multicenter observational study, nCRT before total mesorectal excision (TME) was indicated in high-risk patients with involved or threatened mesorectal fascia (≤1 mm), or cT4 or cT3 carcinomas of the lower rectal third. All other patients received primary surgery. Results Of the 1,093 patients, 878 (80.3%) were treated according to the protocol, 526 pat…
Integrating Downstaging in the Risk Assessment of Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Treated With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: Validation…
2017
Abstract Background Adjuvant chemotherapy is controversial in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiation. Valentini et al developed 3 nomograms (VN) to predict outcomes in these patients. The neoadjuvant rectal score (NAR) was developed after VN to predict survival. We aimed to validate these tools in a retrospective cohort at an academic institution. Patients and Methods VN and the NAR were applied to 158 consecutive patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with chemoradiation followed by surgery. According to the score, they were divided into low, intermediate, or high risk of relapse or death. For statistical analysis, we performed Kaplan-M…
Adjuvant Nivolumab in Resected Esophageal or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer
2021
BackgroundNo adjuvant treatment has been established for patients who remain at high risk for recurrence after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery for esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer. MethodsWe conducted CheckMate 577, a global, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial to evaluate a checkpoint inhibitor as adjuvant therapy in patients with esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer. Adults with resected (R0) stage II or III esophageal or gastroesophageal junction cancer who had received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and had residual pathological disease were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive nivolumab (at a dose of 240 mg every 2 weeks fo…
Perioperative FOLFOX 4 Versus FOLFOX 4 Plus Cetuximab Versus Immediate Surgery for High-Risk Stage II and III Colon Cancers: A Phase II Multicenter R…
2020
BACKGROUND Perioperative chemotherapy has proven valuable in several tumors, but not in colon cancer (CC). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced nonmetastatic CC. METHODS This is a French multicenter randomized phase II trial in patients with resectable high-risk T3, T4, and/or N2 CC on baseline computed tomography (CT) scan. Patients were randomized to receive either 6 months of adjuvant FOLFOX after colectomy (control) or perioperative FOLFOX for 4 cycles before surgery and 8 cycles after (FOLFOX peri-op). In RAS wild-type patients, a third arm testing perioperative FOLFOX-cetuximab was added…