Search results for "Nerva"

Acute inactivation of the medial forebrain bundle imposes oscillations in the SNr: a challenge for the 6-OHDA model?

2010

It has been recently shown that the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats, under urethane anaesthesia, manifests a prominent low frequency oscillation (LFO) of around 1Hz, synchronized with cortical slow wave activity (SWA). Nevertheless, it is poorly understood whether these electrophysiological alterations are correlated only with severe dopamine depletion or may also play a relevant pathogenetic role in the early stages of the dopamine denervation. Hence, here we recorded SNr single units and electrocorticogram (ECoG) in two models of dopamine denervation: (i) acute dopamine denervated rats, obtained by injection of tetrodotoxin (TTX), (ii) ch…

Healing in Denervated Bones

1974

2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension

2013

Because of new evidence on several diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of hypertension, the present guidelines differ in many respects from the previous ones. Some of the most important differences are listed below: 1. Epidemiological data on hypertension and BP control in Europe. 2. Strengthening of the prognostic value of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) and of its role for diagnosis and management of hypertension, next to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). 3. Update of the prognostic significance of night-time BP, white-coat hypertension and masked hypertension. 4. Re-emphasis on integration of BP, cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, asymptomatic organ damage (OD) and clinica…

Treatment with phenoxybenzamine of upper urinary tract complications caused by intravesical obstruction.

1975

Five children in whom reflux and progressive hydronephrosis persisted despite multiple surgical attempts or repair are described. In all cases cystomanometry displayed a marked elevation of the bladder outlet resistance combined with high intravesical pressure values. Therapy with phenoxybenzamine, an alpha-adrenergic blocker, was successful in all cases, restoring a free urine passage of the upper urinary tract and unimpaired voiding preventing urinary diversion which has been considered in some of these children. Although there were no signs of bladder neuropathy, a hyperfunction of the sympathetic innervation as acause for bladder complications is discussed.

Gracilis free muscle transfer for morpho-functional reconstruction of the lower lip.

2007

Background. Large full-thickness defects of the lower lip need free tissue transfer. The free forearm flap is the more widespread technique for free flap lower lip reconstruction, but it results in a static lip. The authors describe a technique of morphodynamic sensate reconstruction of the lower lip with a free gracilis flap and a musculomucosal flap. Methods. Three patients underwent reconstruction with an innervated free muscular gracilis flap, an innervated musculo-mucosal flap for the vermillion (2 cases), and a full-thickness skin graft. Results. No significant complications were observed. Static function and vermillion sensitivity were immediately restored. The skin color match was e…

Uptake and metabolism of [3H]choline by the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation

1987

A whole nerve-muscle preparation (about 160 mg) or an end-plate preparation (about 25 mg) of the rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm were incubated with [3H]choline, to investigate choline uptake and choline metabolism. Choline uptake was measured from the disappearance of choline from the incubation medium during the loading period and from the retention of tritium in the tissue after the loading and washout period. Based on the results obtained with both methods the end-plate preparation takes up three times as much choline than the whole nerve-muscle preparation or a small muscle strip that was cut outside the end-plate region and had a similar size as the end-plate preparation. Choline upta…

Peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites on striated muscles of the rat: Properties and effect of denervation

1985

In order to test the hypothesis that peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites mediate some direct effects of benzodiazepines on striated muscles, the properties of specific 3H-Ro 5-4864 binding to rat biceps and rat diaphragm homogenates were investigated. In both tissues a single population of sites was found with a KD value of 3 nmol/l. The density of these sites in both muscles was higher than the density in rat brain, but was considerably lower than in rat kidney. Competition experiments indicate a substrate specificity of specific 3H-Ro 5-4864 binding similar to the properties already demonstrated for the specific binding of this ligand to peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites in many…

Formation and release of acetylpyrrolidinecholine (N-methyl, N-acetoxyethylpyrrolidinium) as a false cholinergic transmitter in the myenteric plexus …

1977

1. Longitudinal muscle strips of the guineapig small intestine were incubated with Tyrode solution containing the choline analogue pyrrolidinecholine. At the end of the incubation the concentrations of acetylcholine and its analogue acetylpyrrolidinecholine were determined in the strips by gas chromatography. 2. After 120 min of incubation with 1 mM pyrrolidinecholine, acetylpyrrolidinecholine comprised about 15% of the total amount of acetylcholine plus acetylpyrrolidinecholine. Electrical stimulation (1 Hz) of the strips during the incubation slightly increased the proportion of acetylpyrrolidinecholine to 21%. 3. The acetylcholine content of control strips increased significantly during …

Segmental anatomy of the vastus lateralis: guidelines for muscle-sparing flap harvest.

2014

Background: The vastus lateralis muscle is a versatile donor site for pedicled and free flaps that, despite great potential, remains unpopular. Although the muscle is classically described as a single belly, evidence exists for a more complex morphology. The aim of this study was to investigate the segmental anatomy of the vastus lateralis muscle and the feasibility of selective flap harvest. Methods: Ten cadaveric lower limbs were investigated. Muscular partitions were identified according to morphologic architecture, vascular supply, and nerve supply; guidelines for selective flap harvest were described. Twenty-three segmental vastus lateralis (n = 14) or chimeric anterolateral thigh-vast…

Posterior compartment of the lower leg reconstruction with free functional rectus femoris transfer after sarcoma resection.

2009

A 72-year-old man with the third recurrence of a low-grade liposarcoma of the right lower leg came to our attention seeking limb-salvage surgery. The tumour was removed en bloc with all the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. Appropriate foot flexion was restored by means of a free-functional rectus femoris musculocutaneous flap harvested from the ipsilateral thigh. The patient was kept on a postoperative splint for 6 weeks. Three months after the operation, clinical and elecromyographic signs of reinnervation were observed. The patient was able to walk, run and climb stairs and no donor-site morbidity was observed. Thigh extension was rated M4, comparable to the contralateral thi…