Search results for "Nerves"
showing 10 items of 93 documents
Central Versus Peripheral Adaptations Following Eccentric Resistance Training
2002
Aim of the present investigation was to study the effects of an eccentric training on the neuromuscular properties of the plantar-flexor muscles. The experiment was carried out on 14 males divided into two groups (eccentric and control). Eccentric training consisted of six sets of six eccentric contractions at 120 % of one maximal concentric repetition and it was performed four times a week during four weeks. Before and after the 4-wk period, the plantar-flexor torque and the associated electromyographic activity were recorded during voluntary contractions (isometric, concentric and eccentric) and electrically induced contractions (twitch and tetanus), in order to distinguish central from p…
MRI and neurophysiology in vestibular paroxysmia: contradiction and correlation
2013
Background Vestibular paroxysmia (VP) is defined as neurovascular compression (NVC) syndrome of the eighth cranial nerve (N.VIII). The aim was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of MRI and the significance of audiovestibular testing in the diagnosis of VP. Methods 20 VP patients and, for control, 20 subjects with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) were included and underwent MRI (constructive interference in steady-state, time-of-flight MR angiography) for detection of a NVC between N.VIII and vessels. All VP patients received detailed audiovestibular testing. Results A NVC of N.VIII could be detected in all VP patients rendering a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 65% for the diagnosi…
Central motor conduction time by magnetic stimulation of the cortex and peripheral nerve conduction follow-up studies in Friedreich's ataxia.
1998
A follow-up clinical study, peripheral motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities and central motor conduction by magnetic stimulation of the cortex were performed in 13 patients with classical Friedreich's ataxia (FA) phenotype, for a period of 9-12 years. Clinical worsening was unrelated to peripheral nerve abnormalities. The amplitude of the nerve action potentials and delayed conduction velocity remained unchanged for several years. Central motor conduction times were abnormal in all patients. Clinical conditions worsened significantly between successive examinations with significant increments in threshold and significant decrement of the amplitude of motor evoked potentials. The re…
Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in type 1 diabetic patients with and without peripheral neuropathy.
1998
One hundred Type 1 diabetic patients (54 men, 46 women) mean age 28.9 +/- 8.4 years, were selected from among individuals referred to our hospital, with no previous diagnosis of diabetic chronic complications including diabetic neuropathy. After clinical and physical examinations, subjects were divided into two groups: with (n = 37) and without (n = 63) peripheral neuropathy. The percentage of subjects with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (AN), diagnosed by positive results to at least two of the five cardiovascular tests (Valsalva ratio, EI ratio, 30/15 ratio, blood-pressure response to standing up and handgrip test), was 40%: 72.9% in the group with peripheral neuropathy and 20.6% in …
Neuromuscular function during therapeutic knee exercise under water and on dry land
2001
Abstract Poyhonen T, Keskinen KL, Kyrolainen H, Hautala A, Savolainen J, Malkia E. Neuromuscular function during therapeutic knee exercise under water and on dry land. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2001;82:1446-52. Objectives: To compare muscle activity and resistive drag force during knee extension-flexion exercises while barefoot and while wearing a Hydro Boot (increased frontal area) both under water and on dry land. Design: Participants performed the exercises while seated on an elevator chair under water. Setting: A hydrotherapy pool. Participants: Eighteen healthy persons (10 women, 8 men). Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Isokinetic and isometric forces were measured wit…
Isolated cranial nerve palsies in multiple sclerosis
1997
During a 10 year period 24 patients with definite multiple sclerosis with isolated cranial nerve palsies were studied (third and fourth nerve: one patient each, sixth nerve: 12 patients, seventh nerve: three patients, eighth nerve: seven patients), in whom cranial nerve palsies were the presenting sign in 14 and the only clinical sign of an exacerbation in 10 patients. MRI was carried out in 20 patients and substantiated corresponding brainstem lesions in seven patients (third nerve: one patient, sixth nerve: four patients, eighth nerve: two patients). Additional abnormal findings of electro-oculography, or masseter reflex, or blink reflex, or combinations of these were found in 20 patients…
Trismus resulting from central nervous system lesion.
1976
Three cases of unusual trismus are reported, occurring in patients with lesions of the central nervous system. On the basis of the clinical and electromyographical findings and observation of the course of the trismus this is interpreted as a symptom of a lesion of the brain stem, causing a dis-synergism of the masticatory muscles.
Effect of electromyostimulation training on soleus and gastrocnemii H- and T-reflex properties.
2003
When muscle is artificially activated, as with electromyostimulation (EMS), action potentials are evoked in both intramuscular nerve branches and cutaneous receptors, therefore activating spinal motoneurons reflexively. Maximal soleus and gastrocnemii H- and T-reflex and the respective mechanical output were thus quantified to examine possible neural adaptations induced at the spinal level by EMS resistance training. Eight subjects completed 16 sessions of isometric EMS (75 Hz) over a 4-week period. Maximal soleus and gastrocnemii M wave (M(max)), H reflex (H(max)) and T reflex (T(max)) were compared between before and after training, together with the corresponding plantar flexor peak twit…
Influence of Delay Period Duration on Inhibitory Processes for Response Preparation.
2015
In this study, we examined the dynamics of inhibitory preparatory processes, using a delayed response task in which a cue signaled a left or right index finger (Experiment 1) or hand (Experiment 2) movement in advance of an imperative signal. In Experiment 1, we varied the duration of the delay period (200, 500, and 900 ms). When transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied 100 ms before the imperative, motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited in the first dorsal interosseous were strongly inhibited. For delays of 500 ms or longer, this inhibition was greater when the targeted muscle was selected compared with when it was not selected. In contrast, the magnitude of inhibition just aft…
Surgeons’ assessment of internal anal sphincter nerve supply during TaTME - inbetween expectations and reality
2016
Abstract Background: Intraoperative identification of nerve fibers heading from the inferior rectal plexus (IRP) to the internal anal sphincter (IAS) is challenging. The transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) is said to better preserve pelvic autonomic nerves. The aim of this study was to investigate the nerve identification rates during TaTME by transanal visual and electrophysiological assessment. Material and methods: A total of 52 patients underwent TaTME for malignant conditions. The IRP with its posterior branches to the IAS and the pelvic splanchnic nerves (PSN) were visually assessed in 20 patients (v-TaTME). Electrophysiological nerve identification was performed in 32 patient…